TY - BOOK T1 - “Protein Crystallization Strategies for Structural Genomics” A1 - Naomi E. Chayen ed. ED - Naomi E. Chayen Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 1st PB - International University Line, USA, CY - California USA N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Handbook of Metabonomics and Metabolomics A1 - Lindon, J C A1 - Nicholson, J K A1 - Holmes, E ED - Lindon, J C, Nicholson, J K, Holmes, E Y1 - 2007/// PB - Elsevier SN - 0-444-52841-5 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Stem Cell Repair and Regeneration A1 - Habib NA A1 - Levicar N A1 - Gordon M A1 - Jiao LR A1 - Fisk N ED - Habib NA Levicar N Gordon MY Jiao LR Fisk N Y1 - 2007/// PB - Imperial College CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The National Bowel Cancer Audit Project. Assessing Quality A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Smith, J J A1 - Thompson, M R A1 - Stamatakis, J D ED - CPL Associates, London Y1 - 2006/07// N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Patient safety A1 - Vincent, C Y1 - 2006/// VL - 1st PB - Elsevier N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signalling Pathway: The Key to Cell Proliferation and Death A1 - Eric W-F Lam ED - Eric W-F Lam Y1 - 2006/// VL - 1 PB - World Scientific Press CY - Singapore N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fast Facts - Vascular Surgery Highlights 2005 - 2006 A1 - Davies AH Y1 - 2006/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The National Bowel Cancer Audit Project. Knowing your results. A1 - PP Tekkis A1 - JJ Smith A1 - V Constantinides A1 - MR Thmpson A1 - JD Stamatakis Y1 - 2005/07// PB - CPL Associates CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fibrous Proteins: Coiled-Coils, Collagen and Elastomers A1 - Squire JM Y1 - 2005/04// PB - Elsevier: Advances in Protein Chemsitry N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fibrous Proteins: Muscle and Molecular Motors A1 - Squire JM Y1 - 2005/// PB - Elsevier: Advances in Protein Chemistry N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - 4. Stem Cell Repair and Regeneration A1 - Habib NA ED - Habib N; Gordon M; Levicar N; Jiao L; Thomas-Black G Y1 - 2005/// PB - Imperial College Press N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fast Facts - Vascular Surgery Highlights 2004 -2005 A1 - Davies A H Y1 - 2005/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Your back operation A1 - Waddell G A1 - Sell P A1 - McGregor A A1 - Burton K Y1 - 2005/// VL - 1st PB - TSO CY - Norwich N2 - - UR - http://www.tso.co.uk/bookshop ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Towards Vascular and Endovascular Consensus A1 - Greenhalgh RM ED - Greenhalgh RM Y1 - 2005/// PB - Biba Medical CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Metabonomics in Toxicity Assessment A1 - D.G. Robertson A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - J.K. Nicholson A1 - E. Holmes Y1 - 2005/// PB - CRC Press, Taylor & Francis CY - Boca Raton, USA SP - 1 EP - 522 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vascular Surgery (International Surgical Practice) A1 - Davies A H Y1 - 2005/// PB - Springer Verlag N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Venous Disease Simplified A1 - Davies A H Y1 - 2004/// PB - TFM Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vascular and Endovascular Challenges A1 - Greenhalgh RM ED - Greenhalgh RM Y1 - 2004/// PB - Biba Medical CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Surgical EMQ's A1 - Fliglestone L Y1 - 2004/// PB - TFM Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Case-Based Learning for Small Groups: Teacher Training Program - Facilitator Manual. A1 - Nestel, D Y1 - 2004/// VL - First PB - Rural Workforce Agency Victoria CY - Melbourne SP - 1 EP - 173 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Case-Based Learning for Small Groups: Teacher Training Program - Participant Manual. A1 - Nestel, D Y1 - 2004/// VL - First PB - Rural Workforce Agency Victoria CY - Melbourne SP - 1 EP - 160 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Stem Cells in Obstetrics and Gynaecology A1 - Fisk NM A1 - Itskovitz-Eldor J Y1 - 2004/// PB - Elsevier CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Medicine in the Crusades: Warfare, Wounds and the Medieval Surgeon A1 - Mitchell PD Y1 - 2004/// PB - Cambridge University Press N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The ACPGBI Bowel Cancer Study 2004. A1 - JJ Smith A1 - PP Tekkis A1 - MR Thompson Y1 - 2004/// PB - CPL Associates CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - ABC of Alcohol; 4th Edition A1 - Touquet R ED - Paton A; Touquet R Y1 - 2004/// PB - BMJ Publications N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fast Facts - Vascular Surgery Highlights 2003 - 2004 A1 - Davies A H Y1 - 2004/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Key Advances in clinical management of ovarian carcinoma. A1 - Pat Soutter A1 - Sadaf Ghaem-Maghami A1 - Katherine Orton ED - Sadaf Ghaem-Maghami Katherine Orton Pat Soutter Y1 - 2003/07// PB - Royal Society of Medicine Press LTD SN - 1-85315-559-4 SP - 1 EP - 60 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - ACPGBI Colorectal Cancer Study 2002. Part B: The ACPGBI Colorectal Cancer Model. A1 - PP Tekkis A1 - JD Poloniecki A1 - MR Thompson A1 - JD Stamatakis Y1 - 2003/06// PB - CPL Assocaites CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vascular and Endovascular Controversies A1 - Greenhalgh RM ED - Greenhalgh RM Y1 - 2003/// PB - Biba Medical CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Key Advances in the Clinical Management of Ovarian Cancer A1 - Ghaem-Maghami S A1 - Orton K A1 - Soutter P ED - Ghaem-Maghami S; Orton K; Soutter P Y1 - 2003/// PB - Royal Society of Medicine Press CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Leg Ulcers A1 - Moneta G A1 - Davies A H Y1 - 2003/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vascular surgery. Cases, questions and answers A1 - Geroulakos G ED - Geroulakos G; van Urk H; Hobson W II; Caligaro K Y1 - 2003/// PB - Springer Verlag N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Prostate Cancer. Clinical and Scientific Aspects - Bridging the Gap. A1 - Abel PD ED - Abel PD; Lalani E-N Y1 - 2003/// PB - Imperial College Press CY - 57 Shelton Street, LONDON, WC2H 9HE SN - 1-86094-327-6 SP - 1 EP - 1237 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Gynaecology A1 - Shaw RW A1 - Soutter WP A1 - Stanton SL ED - Shaw RW; Soutter WP; Stanton SL Y1 - 2003/// PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Classic papers in critical care A1 - Fink M A1 - Hayes M A1 - Soni N Y1 - 2003/// PB - Bladon Medical Publishing SN - 1-904218-21-0 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Anaesthesia and critical care. An exam revision companion A1 - Dodds C A1 - Soni N Y1 - 2003/// PB - Churchill Livingstone N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Textbook of Clinical pain Managment A1 - Rice AS ED - Rice; Warfield; Justins; Eccleston Y1 - 2003/// PB - Arnold CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fast Facts - Vascualr Surgery Highlights 2002 - 2003 A1 - Davies AH Y1 - 2003/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Renal Access A1 - Davies A H Y1 - 2003/// PB - TFM Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Oh's intensive care manual 5th edition A1 - Bersten A A1 - Soni N A1 - Oh TE Y1 - 2003/// PB - Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier SN - 0-7506-5184-9 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The ACPGBI Colorectal Cancer Study 2002. Part A: Unadjusted outcomes. A1 - PP Tekkis A1 - JD Poloniecki A1 - MR Thompson A1 - JD Stamatakis Y1 - 2002/06// PB - CPL Associates CY - 2002 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Prostate Cancer Book A1 - Waxman J Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-0918-5712-0 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Diseases of the visceral circulation A1 - Geroulakos G ED - Geroulakos G; Cherry K Y1 - 2002/// PB - Arnold CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Evidence for Vascular and Endovascular Reconstruction A1 - Greenhalgh RM ED - Greenhalgh RM Y1 - 2002/// PB - W M Saunders CY - London, Philadelphia N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Gut Ecology A1 - Hart AL A1 - Stagg AJ A1 - Frame M A1 - Graffner H A1 - Glise H A1 - Falk P A1 - Kamm MA Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8418-4139-0 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fast Facts - Vascular Surgery Highlights 2001 - 2002 A1 - Davies AH Y1 - 2002/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Disease Markers in Exhaled Breath: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Applications A1 - N Marczin ED - N. Marczin, MH Yacoub Y1 - 2002/// VL - NATO Science Series IS - 346 PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam, Berlin, Oxford, Tokyo, Washington DC SN - 1-58603-273-9 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Basic science in obstetrics & gynaecology A1 - de Swiet M Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-4430-6150-5 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Multi-treatment Modalities of Liver Tumours A1 - Habib NA ED - Habib NA Y1 - 2002/// PB - Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers CY - New York, USA SN - 0-3064-6746-1 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Diseases of the visceral circulation A1 - Geroulakos G A1 - Cherry KJ Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-3408-0722-9 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Treatment Options in Urological Cancer A1 - Waxman J Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-6320-5589-8 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Disease markers in exhaled breath A1 - Marczin N A1 - Kharitonov SA A1 - Yacoub MH A1 - Barnes PJ ED - N Marczin, SA Kharitonov, MH Yacoub, PJ BArnes Y1 - 2002/// IS - 170 PB - Marcel Dekker, Inc CY - New York, Basel SN - 0-8247-0817-2 SP - 1 EP - 560 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Cancer Handbook A1 - Gooderham NJ Y1 - 2002/// PB - Nature Publishing Group, London, New York & Tokyo SN - 0-333-77659-3 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Infection and pregnancy. Proceedings of the 40th RCOG study group on infection and pregnancy A1 - Regan L A1 - Jivraj S Y1 - 2001/// SN - 1-9003-6444-1 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - An Atlas of Endovascular and Vascular Surgery A1 - Davies A H A1 - Greenhalgh RM A1 - Mitchell A Y1 - 2001/// PB - Saunders W. B. N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fast Facts - Vascular Surgery Highlights 2000 - 2001 A1 - Davies A H Y1 - 2001/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vascular and Endovascular Surgical Techniques (4th Edition Atlas) A1 - Greenhalgh RM ED - Greenhalgh RM Y1 - 2001/// PB - W B Saunders CY - London, Philadelphia N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - G.E. Tranter A1 - J.L. Holmes Y1 - 2000/// PB - Academic Press CY - London SP - 1 EP - 2581 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Safety in Medicine A1 - Vincent CA ED - Vincent CA; de Mol B Y1 - 2000/// PB - Elsevier N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fast Facts - Vascular Surgery Highlights 1999 - 2000 A1 - Davies AH Y1 - 2000/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Essential Postgraduate Surgery A1 - Fliglestone L A1 - Davies A H Y1 - 2000/// PB - Churchill Livingstone N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Essential Vascular Surgery A1 - Davies AH A1 - Beard JN A1 - Wyatt M Y1 - 1999/// PB - W. B. Saunders N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fast Facts - Vascular Surgery Highlights 1998 - 1999 A1 - Davies AH Y1 - 1999/// PB - Helath Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis A1 - Fisk NM A1 - Y1 - 1998/// PB - Rapid Science CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Drug Metabolism: Towards the next Millennium A1 - Gooderham,N.J. Y1 - 1998/// PB - IOS Press CY - Holland SN - 90-5199-378-1 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Therapeutic Drugs A1 - Dollery, C. A1 - Boobis, A. A1 - Rawlins, M. A1 - Wilkins, M. A1 - Gooderham, N.J. Y1 - 1998/// PB - Churchill Livingston CY - London SN - 0443-051-488 N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fetal Therapy: Invasive and Transplacental A1 - Fisk NM A1 - Moise K Y1 - 1997/// PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge N2 - - ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Gynaecology A1 - Soutter WP ED - Shaw RW; Soutter WP; Stanton SL Y1 - 1997/// PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Statistical Techniques in Metabolic Profiling A1 - De Iorio, M A1 - Ebbels, T M D A1 - Stephens, D A ED - Balding, D J Cannings, C Bishop, M T2 - Handbook of Statistical Genetics Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 3 PB - Wiley SP - 1 EP - 1616 N2 - - UR - http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0470058307,descCd-description.html ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Automation of non-conventional crystallization techinques for screening and optimization A1 - Naomi E. Chayen ED - Mark R. Sanderson and Jane V. Skelly T2 - Macromolecular Crystallography conventional and high throughput methods Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 1st PB - Oxford university Press CY - UK SP - 45 EP - 58 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - High throughput optimisation techniques A1 - Chayen N.E. ED - Chayen N.E. T2 - protein Crystallization Strategies for Structural Genomics Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 1st PB - IUL Press CY - Cal USA N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Functional outcome following restorative proctocolectomy A1 - Lovegrove, RE A1 - Tekkis, PP ED - Taylor, I Johnson, CD T2 - Recent Advances in Surgery 30 Y1 - 2007/03// PB - RSM Press CY - London SN - 1853157201 SP - 139 EP - 151 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - A survey of metabonomics approaches for disease characterization A1 - Lindon JC A1 - Holmes, E ED - Lindon, JC, Nicholson, JK, Holmes, E T2 - Handbook of Metabonomics and Metabolomics Y1 - 2007/// PB - Elsevier N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Exploiting the Potential of Metabonomics in Large Population Studies A1 - Singer, BH A1 - Utzinger, J A1 - Ryff, CD A1 - Wang, YL ED - J.C. Lindon, J.K. Nicholson, E. Holmes T2 - handbook of metabonomics and metabolomics Y1 - 2007/// PB - Elsevier B.V N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Liver Resection Assisted with the Radiofrequency Technique A1 - Jiao LR A1 - Habib NA A1 - Tracey J A1 - Healey A ED - Karaliotas, Broelsch, Habib T2 - Liver and Biliary Tract Surgery Y1 - 2007/// SP - 367 EP - 372 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Small Bowel & Open Biliary Surgery A1 - L R Jiao A1 - RCN Williamson ED - RM Kirk; MC Winslet T2 - Essential General Surgical Operations Y1 - 2007/// VL - 2nd PB - Churchhill Livingstone CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Liver Resection and Stapling Devices A1 - Jiao LR A1 - Habib NA A1 - Tracey J A1 - Healey A ED - Karaliotas, Broelsch, Habib T2 - Liver and Biliary Tract Surgery Y1 - 2007/// PB - Springer Wien NY SP - 363 EP - 366 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Nonlinear Methods for the Analysis of Metabolic Profiles A1 - Ebbels, T.M.D. ED - Lindon, J.C. Holmes, E. Nicholson, J.K. T2 - The Handbook of Metabonomics and Metabolomics Y1 - 2007/// PB - Elsevier N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Small Bowel A1 - Jiao, LR A1 - Williamson, RCN ED - Kirk RM T2 - General Surgery Operation Y1 - 2007/// VL - 5th PB - Churchill Lingstone SP - 209 EP - 227 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Communication in the operating theatre – Challenges for nurses A1 - Nestel, D ED - The Standing Committee of the Hospitals of the European Union Y1 - 2007/// VL - 10 PB - Hospital Healthcare Europe, HOPE: The Standing Committee of the Hospitals of the European Union CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Occupational rhinitis A1 - Hesham Saleh ED - Mike Gleeson and Valerie Lund T2 - Scott-Brown’s Otolaryngology Y1 - 2007/// VL - Seventh N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Three demensional computed tomography images reconstruction in liver surgery A1 - Jiao, LR A1 - Habib, NA A1 - Tait, P A1 - Zacharoulis A1 - Canelo R A1 - Damrah o ED - Karaliotas, Broelsch and Habib T2 - Liver and Biliary Tract Surgery Y1 - 2007/// PB - Spronger Wien New York SP - 333 EP - 338 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Patient safety and iatrogenesis A1 - Woloshynowych, M A1 - Vincent, C ED - S. Ayers, A. Baum, C. McManus, S. Newman, K. Wallston, J. Weinman & R. West T2 - Cambridge Handbook of Psychology, Health and Medicine Y1 - 2007/// VL - 2nd PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge UK SP - 472 EP - 477 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Challenges in the study of health and disease in the crusaders A1 - Mitchell, PD ED - M Faerman, LK Horwitz, T Kahana, U Zilberman T2 - Faces from the Past: Diachronic Patterns in the Biology and Health Status of Human Populations of the Eastern Mediterranean Y1 - 2007/// PB - Archaeopress CY - Oxford SP - 205 EP - 212 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Communication skills for minor surgery A1 - Nestel, D ED - Martin, S T2 - Minor Surgical Procedures for Nurses and Allied Health Professionals Y1 - 2007/// PB - Wiley CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Portal Vein Embolisation A1 - Habib NA A1 - Jiao LR A1 - Canelo R A1 - Damrah O ED - Karaliotas, Broelsch, Habib T2 - Liver and Biliary Tract Surgery Y1 - 2007/// PB - Springer Wien NY SP - 381 EP - 393 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Indications for liver resection A1 - Jiao LR A1 - Habib NA A1 - Tracey J A1 - Healey A ED - Karaliotas, Broelsch, Habib T2 - Liver and Biliary surgery Y1 - 2007/// PB - Springer Wien NY SP - 357 EP - 362 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Hands-on Robotic Unicompartmental Knee Replacement A1 - J Cobb ED - James B Stiehl, Werner H Konermann, Rolf G Haaker anthony M DiGioia lll T2 - Navigation and MIS Y1 - 2007/// VL - First M2 - 1 PB - Springer CY - Germany SP - 284 EP - 296 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Global systems biology through integration of “omics” results. A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Nicholson, JK ED - Lindon, JC, Nicholson, JK, Holmes E T2 - Handbook of Metabonomics and Metabolomics Y1 - 2007/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Use of SIRTEX in Inoperable Liver Tumours: A Surgeon's View A1 - Jiao LR A1 - Habib NA A1 - Zacharoulis D ED - Karaliotas, Broelsch, Habib T2 - Liver and Biliary Track Surgery Y1 - 2007/// PB - SpringeWien NY SP - 419 EP - 420 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Radiofrequency Assisted Liver Resection A1 - Jiao RL A1 - Habib NA ED - Fan J T2 - Liver Surgery Y1 - 2007/// CY - HK N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Biomechanics of the knee and knee replacement A1 - Hart AJ A1 - Carrington, R A1 - Allen, PW T2 - Stanmore Guide to Orthopaedic Basic Sciences Y1 - 2006/10/27/ PB - Hodder Arnold N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - BSN Development Kit and Programming Guide A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang ED - Guang-Zhong Yang T2 - Body Sensor Networks Y1 - 2006/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - London SN - 1-84628-272-1 SP - 423 EP - 480 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Nutrimetabonomics-metabonomics in food science A1 - Tang, HR ED - PS. Belton T2 - Advances in Application of Magnetic Resonance in Food Science Y1 - 2006/// PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - New treatments for neuropathic pain A1 - Hill, R T2 - Annual Review of Medicine Y1 - 2006/// VL - 57 SP - 535 EP - 551 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Body Sensor Networks - Introduction A1 - Omer Aziz A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Ara Darzi A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang ED - Guang-Zhong Yang T2 - Body Sensor Networks Y1 - 2006/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - London SN - 1-84628-272-1 SP - 1 EP - 40 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Cell Proliferation and Cell Death A1 - Andrew Sunters A1 - Eric W-F Lam ED - Eric W-F Lam T2 - Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signalling Pathway: The Key to Cell Proliferation and Death Y1 - 2006/// VL - 1 PB - World Scientific Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Pletismografia a ar na trombose venosa profunda e na insuficiencia venosa cronica. A1 - Kalodiki, E ED - JB Thomaz, CE Quilici Belczak T2 - Tratado de flebologia e linfologia Y1 - 2006/// PB - Livraria e editora Rubio Ltda CY - Rio de Janeiro SN - 85-87600-64-8 SP - 129 EP - 136 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Quality of life in patiens with venous ulcers A1 - Sharp BM ED - Davies AH Lees T Lane I T2 - Venous Disease Simplified Y1 - 2006/// PB - TFM Publishing N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Preoperative assessment for minor surgery A1 - Purkayastha S A1 - Patel A ED - Martin S T2 - Minor Surgical Procedures for Healthcare Professionals Y1 - 2006/// VL - 1st M2 - 1 PB - John Wiley & Sons CY - London SN - 0-470-01990-5 N2 - - UR - https://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/en/books/forthcomingTitles/MD00/0-470-01990-5/?sID=517dbc8f2609e9f1539539898fc271a8 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Biomarkers in pain. A1 - Urban, L. A1 - Nagy, I. A1 - Lukacs, K. A1 - Santha, P. ED - James N. Campbell, Allan J. Basbaum, Andre Dray, Ronald Dubner, Robert H. Dworkin and Christine N. Sang, T2 - Emerging Strategies for the Treatment of Chronic Pain Y1 - 2006/// PB - IASP Press CY - Seatle SP - 457 EP - 474 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Warfare injuries A1 - Mitchell PD ED - AV Murray T2 - Encyclopedia of the Crusades Y1 - 2006/// M2 - 4 PB - ABC-Clio CY - Santa Barbara SP - 1254 EP - 1255 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Nuclear magnetic relaxation in starch systems A1 - Tang, HR ED - G. Webb T2 - Handbook in Modern Magnetic Resonance Y1 - 2006/// PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - NMR-based metabonomics techniques and applications A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Nicholson, JK ED - G.A. Webb T2 - Modern Magnetic Resonance Y1 - 2006/// PB - Springer N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The case against endoluminal treatment of varicose veins A1 - Aravind B A1 - Davies AH ED - Greenhalgh RM T2 - Vascular Disease Y1 - 2006/// PB - Biba Medical Publishing N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - High resolution solid state NMR spectroscopy of starch polysaccharides A1 - Tang, HR ED - G. Webb T2 - Handbook in Modern Magnetic Resonance Y1 - 2006/// PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of the Deviated Asymmetric Nose A1 - Hade Vuyk A1 - Hesham Saleh ED - Hade Vuyk and Peter Lohuis T2 - Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Y1 - 2006/// VL - First edition PB - Hodder Arnold CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Introduction to Body Sensor Networks A1 - Aziz O A1 - Lo B A1 - Yang GZ A1 - Darzi A ED - Yang, Guang-Zhong T2 - Body Sensor Networks Y1 - 2006/// VL - 1 PB - Springer SN - 1846282721 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome A1 - Lewi, L A1 - Deprest, J A1 - Dennes, WJB ED - Van Vugt, J Shulman, LP T2 - Prenatal Medicine Y1 - 2006/// PB - Taylor & Francis CY - New York SP - 447 EP - 472 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - High resolution NMR spectroscopy in human metabolism and metabonomics A1 - Tang, HR ED - G. Webb T2 - Handbook in Modern Magnetic Resonance Y1 - 2006/// PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The torture of military captives during the crusades to the medieval Middle East A1 - Mitchell PD ED - N Christie and M Yazigi T2 - Noble ideals and bloody realities: warfare in the Middle Ages, 378-1492 Y1 - 2006/// PB - EJ Brill CY - Leiden SP - 97 EP - 118 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Scientific basis of twin-twin transfusion syndrome A1 - Dennes, WJB A1 - Sullivan, MFH A1 - Fisk, NM ED - Kilby, M Field, D Critchley, H Baker, P T2 - Multiple Pregnancy Y1 - 2006/// PB - RCOG Press CY - London and New York SP - 167 EP - 181 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Mathematical modelling and its application in radiation oncology A1 - Dale RG A1 - Jones B ED - P Price and K Sikora T2 - The treatment of cancer Y1 - 2006/// VL - 4th PB - Arnold CY - London SN - 0-3407-5964-X SP - 67 EP - 80 N2 - - UR - http://NULL ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Developmental stem cell therapy A1 - Chan, J A1 - O'Donoghue, K A1 - Fisk, NM ED - Studd, J Lin Tan, Seang Chervenak, FA T2 - Progress in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Y1 - 2006/// M2 - 17 PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - London and New York SP - 15 EP - 30 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Disease A1 - Mitchell PD ED - AV Murray T2 - Encyclopedia of the Crusades Y1 - 2006/// M2 - 2 PB - ABC-Clio CY - Santa Barbara SP - 358 EP - 360 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - An overview of metabonomics techniques and applications A1 - Lindon, JC T2 - Handbook of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Y1 - 2006/// PB - J. Wiley & Sons N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Cannabinoids A1 - Lever, I ED - C Stein T2 - Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology analgesia Y1 - 2006/// PB - Springer CY - Berlin N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Techniques used in the investigation and analysis of critical incidents in healthcare. A1 - Rogers S A1 - Taylor-Adams S A1 - Woloshynowych M ED - K. Walshe and R. Boaden T2 - Patient Safety: Research Into Practice Y1 - 2006/// PB - Open University Press SN - 0-335-21853-9 SP - 130 EP - 143 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of the ischaemic complication of renal access. A1 - Brooks M ED - Davies AH T2 - Fast Facts - Vascular Highlights 2005-2006 Y1 - 2006/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Auricular Reconstruction A1 - Hade Vuyk A1 - Hesham Saleh ED - Hade Vuyk and Peter Lohuis T2 - Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Y1 - 2006/// VL - First edition PB - Hodder Arnold CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - FOXO transcription factors A1 - Silvia Fernandez de Mattos, Jan J. Brosens and Eric W.-F. Lam ED - Eric W-F Lam T2 - Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signalling Pathway: The Key to Cell Proleration and Death Y1 - 2006/// PB - World Scientific Press CY - Singapore N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Wireless Sensor Development Platforms A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang ED - Guang-Zhong Yang T2 - Body Sensor Networks Y1 - 2006/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - London SN - 1-84628-272-1 SP - 403 EP - 422 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signalling Pathway A1 - Eric W-F Lam ED - Eric W-F Lam T2 - Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signalling Pathway: The Key to Cell Proliferation and Death Y1 - 2006/// PB - World Scientic Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Control of activity: Relationship between excitatory and inhibitory receptors expressed by nociceptors. A1 - Nagy, I. A1 - Reeh, P. A1 - Srubek Tomassy, G. A1 - Santha, P. ED - Herta Flor, Eija Kalso, and Jonathan O. Dostrovsky T2 - Proceedings of the 11th World Congress on Pain Y1 - 2006/// PB - IASP Press CY - Seatle SP - 109 EP - 110 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - IRA versus IPAA as the primary surgical treatment of familial adenomatous polyposis A1 - Aziz O A1 - Tekkis P ED - G.G. Delaini T2 - Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Y1 - 2006/// PB - Springer N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The infirmaries of the Order of the Temple in the medieval kingdom of Jerusalem A1 - Mitchell PD ED - B Bowers T2 - The medieval hospital and medical practice: bridging the evidence Y1 - 2006/// PB - Ashgate CY - Aldershot SP - 225 EP - 234 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Hydramnios, oligohydramnios A1 - Taylor, MJO A1 - Fisk, NM ED - James, DK Steer, PJ Weiner, CP Gonik, B T2 - High Risk Pregnancy: Management Options Y1 - 2006/// VL - 2nd PB - Elsevier Saunders CY - London and New York SP - 272 EP - 290 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The malignant colon polyp. A1 - PP Tekkis A1 - JMA Northover ED - VP Khatri T2 - In Clinical scenarios of surgical oncology. Y1 - 2006/// PB - Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Open Biliary Operations A1 - Jiao, LR A1 - Williamson, RCN ED - Kirk RM T2 - General Surgical Operations Y1 - 2006/// VL - 5th PB - Churchill Lingstone SP - 285 EP - 303 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Autonomic Sensing A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Surapa Thiemjarus ED - Guang-Zhong Yang T2 - Body Sensor Networks Y1 - 2006/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - London SN - 1-84628-272-1 SP - 333 EP - 372 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The ceramide/sphingosine 1-phosphate biostat in cancer and the role of sphingosine kinase-1 as a therapeutic target A1 - Cuvillier O A1 - Bonhoure E A1 - Dayon A A1 - Martin C A1 - Malavaud B A1 - Pchejetski D A1 - Rischmann P ED - Albi E T2 - Sphingolipids and cell function Y1 - 2006/// PB - Transworld Research Network, Trivandrum N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Minor Surgery for Skin and Subcutaneous Lesions A1 - Purkayastha S A1 - Thomas G ED - Martin S T2 - Minor Surgical Procedures for Healthcare Professionals Y1 - 2006/// VL - 1st M2 - 1 PB - John Wiley & Sons CY - London SN - 0-470-01990-5 N2 - - UR - https://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/en/books/forthcomingTitles/MD00/0-470-01990-5/?sID=517dbc8f2609e9f1539539898fc271a8 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Quality of life in patients wiht varicose veins A1 - Davies AH ED - Davies AH Lees T Lane I T2 - Venous Disease Simplified Y1 - 2006/// CY - TFM Publishing N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The uterine junctional zone A1 - Fusi L A1 - Cloke B A1 - Brosens JJ ED - Brosens I T2 - Adenomyosis. Best Practice and Research in Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology Y1 - 2006/// M2 - 20 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam SP - 479 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Sarcomas of Bone and Soft Tissue A1 - Cobb, J P ED - Kevin G. Burnand, Young Anthony E., Jonathan D. Lucas T2 - The New Aird's Companion in Surgical Studies Y1 - 2005/06/09/ VL - 3rd PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - London SN - 0443072116 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Diagnosis and Staging of Bowel Cancer A1 - Purkayastha S ED - Tekkis P, Smith J, Constantinides V, Thompson MR, Stamatakis JD T2 - Report of the National Bowel Cancer Audit Project "Knowing your results" June 2005 Y1 - 2005/06// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Colorectal Cancer Follow-Up A1 - Purkayastha S A1 - Tekkis PP ED - Professor RK Phillips and Miss S Clark T2 - Frontiers in Colorectal Surgery Y1 - 2005/06// PB - TFM Publishing N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Specialisation in Colorectal Surgery A1 - Aziz O A1 - Tekkis P ED - R K S Phillips, S Clark T2 - Frontiers in Colorectal Cancer Surgery Y1 - 2005/06// PB - TFM Publishing N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Operation A1 - Purkayastha S A1 - Paraskeva P A1 - Darzi A ED - Thompson & Henry T2 - Clinical Surgery Y1 - 2005/05// PB - Saunders N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Technology in Surgical Education A1 - Kneebone R A1 - Bello F ED - Taylor I T2 - Recent Advances in Surgery Y1 - 2005/04// M2 - 28 PB - Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd CY - London SN - 1-85315-610-8 SP - 9 EP - 21 N2 - - UR - http://www.rsmpress.co.uk/bkirving2.htm ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Molecular packing in network-forming collagens A1 - Knupp, C. A1 - Squire, J.M. ED - Parry, D.A.D. and Squire, J.M. T2 - Fibrous Proteins: Coiled-Coils, Collagen and Elastomers Y1 - 2005/04// PB - Elsevier: Advances in Protein Chemistry N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Aging of the choroid plexus and CSF system: Implications for neurodegeneration A1 - Preston JE A1 - Wilson MR A1 - Chen RL ED - Zheng W and Chodobski A T2 - The Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier Y1 - 2005/03/30/ PB - Taylor & Francis Books CY - Boca Raton, Florida USA SP - 361 EP - 376 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Prevention de la maladie thromboembolique veineuse. A1 - Kalodiki, E ED - C Gardon-Mollard, A-A Ramelet T2 - La compression medicale. Y1 - 2005/// PB - Masson CY - Paris SN - 2-294-04934-9 SP - 176 EP - 190 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Physiological variation in laboratory animals and humans A1 - Bollard, ME A1 - Stanley, EG A1 - Wang, Y A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Holmes, E ED - Robertson, DG, Lindon, JC, Nicholson, JK, Holmes, E T2 - Metabonomics in Toxicity Assessment Y1 - 2005/// PB - CRC Press SN - 0-8247-2665-0 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - High resolution magic-angle-spinning NMR spectroscopy of tumor tissues: techniques and applications A1 - Beckonert, O A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Lindon, JC ED - R. Tosi & V. Tugnoli T2 - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Study of Neoplastic Tissues Y1 - 2005/// PB - Nova Science Publishers Inc CY - New York SN - 1-59454-258-9 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Statins in vascular disease A1 - Rodd C A1 - Davies A H ED - Davies AH T2 - Fast Facts - Vascular Highlights 2004-2005 Y1 - 2005/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Liver and biliary tree A1 - Habib N A1 - Canelo R ED - Henry MM; Thompson JN T2 - Clinical Surgery 2nd Edition Y1 - 2005/// PB - Elsevier Saunders CY - London, UK N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Lower lImi Ischaemia A1 - Sarakar R ED - Davies AH Brophy C T2 - Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2005/// PB - Springer Verlag SP - 91 EP - 104 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Pain in HIV and Aids A1 - Marshall, S.J A1 - Cox, S ED - Ballantyne J T2 - Handbook of Pain Management Y1 - 2005/// VL - 3rd PB - Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins CY - Philadelphia SP - 446 EP - 462 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Loutcome measures in Vascular Disease A1 - Kwolek CJ ED - Davies AH Brophy C T2 - Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2005/// PB - Springer Verlag SP - 149 EP - 154 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Subspecialization and the management of emergencies. A1 - O Aziz A1 - PP Tekkis ED - RKS Phillips, S Clarke T2 - Frontiers in Colorectal Surgery Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Autonomic Surgical Anatomy A1 - Purkayastha S A1 - Firth AJ A1 - Darzi A ED - Mathias CJ; Bannister R T2 - Autonomic Failure Y1 - 2005/// PB - Oxford University Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Vascular Trauma A1 - Ozsvath KJ A1 - Darling RC A1 - Tabatabai L A1 - Hamdani S, Davies AH ED - Davies AH Brophy C T2 - Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2005/// PB - Springer Verlag SP - 125 EP - 132 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Endoscopy Training, State of the Art A1 - Thomas-Gibson, S ED - Robin KS Phillips Sue Clark T2 - Frontiers in Colorectal Surgery Y1 - 2005/// PB - tfm Publishing CY - UK SN - 1903378338 SP - 45 EP - 54 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Protein Crystallization: Automation, Robotization and Miniaturization A1 - Chayen, N.E. ED - Sundstrum, M.; Norin, M.; Edwards, A. T2 - Structural Genomics and High Throughput Structural Biology Y1 - 2005/// PB - CRC Press Taylor and Francis SP - 29 EP - 48 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Technology in surgical education A1 - Kneebone R A1 - Bello F ED - Taylor I, Johnson C T2 - Recent Advances in Surgery Y1 - 2005/// M2 - 28 PB - Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd CY - London SN - 1-85315-610-8 SP - 9 EP - 21 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - NMR spectroscopy of Biofluids A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Holmes, E ED - D.G. Robertson, J.C. Lindon, J.K. Nicholson & E. Holmes T2 - Metabonomics in Toxicity Assessment Y1 - 2005/// PB - CRC Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Quality of life in venous disease A1 - Davies M A1 - Tsange F ED - Stansby G Labrapoulos N Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Human fetal mesenchymal stem cells. A1 - Chan, J A1 - O'Donoghue, K A1 - Fisk, NM ED - Habib, NA Gordon, MY Levicar, N Jiao, L Thomas-Black, G T2 - Stem Cell Repair and Regeneration Y1 - 2005/// PB - Imperial College Press CY - London and New York SP - 99 EP - 116 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Fibrous Proteins: New structural and functional aspects revealed A1 - Parry D.A.D. A1 - Squire, J.M. ED - Parry, D.A.D. and Squire, J.M. T2 - Fibrous Proteins: Coiled-Coils, Collagen and Elastomers Y1 - 2005/// VL - Volume 70 Advances in Proteins Chemistry PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego, California SN - 0-12-034270-7 SP - 1 EP - 10 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Physiological variation in laboratory animals and humans A1 - Bollard, ME A1 - Standley, EG A1 - Wang, YL A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Nicholson, JK ED - D.G. Robertson, J.C. Lindon, J.K. Nicholson, E. Holmes T2 - Metabonomics in Toxicity Assessment Y1 - 2005/// PB - Taylor & Francis Group, NY N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - NMR spectroscopy: principles and instrumentation. A1 - Reily, MD A1 - Lindon, JC ED - D.G. Robertson, J.C. Lindon, J.K. Nicholson & E. Holmes T2 - Metabonomics in Toxicity Assessment Y1 - 2005/// PB - CRC Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Principles and practice of image-guided neurosurgery A1 - Aquilina K A1 - Edwards PJ A1 - Strong AJ ED - Anne J Moore, David W. Newell T2 - Springer Specialist Surgical Series: Neurosurgery Y1 - 2005/// SN - 1-85233-522-X N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - An overview of metabonomics A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Nicholson, JK ED - D.G. Robertson, J.C. Lindon, J.K. Nicholson & E. Holmes T2 - Metabonomics in Toxicity Assessment Y1 - 2005/// PB - CRC Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Cannabinoids A1 - Rice, A.S.C ED - McMahon, S.B and Koltzenburg, M T2 - Melzack and Wall's Textbook of Pain Y1 - 2005/// VL - 5th PB - Elsvier CY - Amsterdam N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Risk Adjustment in Colorectal Surgery. The role in hierarchical model in comparative clinical audit. A1 - PP Tekkis A1 - MR Thompson A1 - JD Stamatakis A1 - CG Marks ED - D Cunningham, C Topham, A Miles T2 - The Effective Management of Colorectal Cancer. Y1 - 2005/// PB - Aesculapius Medical Pres N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of twin-twin transfusion syndrome. A1 - Taylor, MJO A1 - Fisk, NM ED - Bllickstein, I Keith, LG T2 - Multiple Pregnancy: Epidemiology, Gestation and Perinatal Outcome Y1 - 2005/// VL - 2nd PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London and New York SP - 552 EP - 570 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Comparative motile mechanisms in cells A1 - Squire, J.M. A1 - Parry, D.A.D. ED - Squire, J.M. and Parry, D.A.D. T2 - Fibrous Proteins: Muscle and Molecular Motors Y1 - 2005/// VL - Volume 71, Advances in Protein Chemistry PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego, California SP - 1 EP - 15 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - X-ray diffraction studies of muscle and the cross-bridge cycle A1 - Squire, J.M. A1 - Knupp, C. ED - Squire, J.M. and Parry, D.A.D. T2 - Fibrous Proteins: Muscle and Molecular Motors Y1 - 2005/// PB - Elsevier: Advances in Protein Chemistry N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Short Bowel Syndrome A1 - Gabe, SM A1 - Silk, DBA ED - Weinstein WM, Hawkey CJ, Bosch J T2 - Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology: The Modern Clinician’s Guide Y1 - 2005/// VL - 1st Edition PB - Elsevier Mosby CY - Spain SN - 0 323 02751 2 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Molecular Architecture in Muscle Contractile Assemblies A1 - Squire, J.M. A1 - AL-Khayat, H.A. A1 - Knupp, C. A1 - Luther, P.K. ED - Squire, J.M. and Parry, D.A.D. T2 - Fibrous Proteins: Muscle and Molecular Motors Y1 - 2005/// PB - Elsevier: Advances in Protein Chemistry N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Hormones and Cancer A1 - Bevan CL ED - M. Knowles and P. Selby T2 - Introduction to the Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (4th Edition) Y1 - 2005/// PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Colorectal Cancer follow up. A1 - S Purkayastha A1 - PP Tekkis ED - RKS Phillips, S Clarke Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Ulcerative Colitis A1 - RJ Nicholls A1 - PP Tekkis ED - RKS Phillips T2 - A companion to specialist surgical practice. Colorectal Surgery Y1 - 2005/// VL - 3rd PB - Saunders N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Fetal analgesia A1 - Fisk, NM ED - Buonocore, G Bellieni, CV T2 - Pain and Brain Damage in Fetus and Newborn Y1 - 2005/// PB - Foxwell & Davies CY - London and New York SP - 41 EP - 46 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Gestational trophoblastic disease A1 - Fisher RA A1 - Sebire NJ ED - Moffett A, Loke C, McClaren A T2 - Biology and Pathology of Trophoblast Y1 - 2005/// PB - Cambridge University Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - 1H magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy of tissues. A1 - Griffin, JL A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Lindon, JC ED - Robertson, DG, Lindon, JC, Nicholson, JK, Holmes, E T2 - Metabonomics in Toxicity Assessment Y1 - 2005/// PB - CRC Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Reproductive disorders and pregnancy outcome A1 - Brosens JJ A1 - Fusi L A1 - Pijenborg R A1 - Brosens I ED - Critchley H, Cameron I and Smith S T2 - Implantation and Early Development Y1 - 2005/// M2 - 19 PB - Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Press CY - London SP - 240 EP - 252 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of a Ruptured AAA. A1 - Davis M A1 - Davies A H ED - Greenhalgh RM Y1 - 2005/// PB - Biba Medical N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Proteomic approaches to problem solving in prostate cancer A1 - Gamble, SC ED - Waxman J T2 - Urological cancers: Science and treatment Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Non-atherosclerotic Vascular Disease A1 - Hutt JRB ED - Davies AH Brophy C T2 - Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2005/// PB - Springer Verlag SP - 73 EP - 90 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Gene Targeting in sheep. A1 - Clark AJ A1 - Cui W ED - J McWhir and A Thomson T2 - Gene targeting & embryonic stem cells (Advanced methods~) Y1 - 2004/07/01/ PB - Taylor & Francis SN - 1859963609 SP - 45 EP - 69 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Tissue engineering of the small intestine A1 - Gabe,SM A1 - Day, R A1 - Boccaccini, A ED - Wnek, GE & Bowlin, GL T2 - Encyclopaedia of tissue Engineering Y1 - 2004/// VL - 1st Edition PB - Marcel Dekker Inc CY - New York SN - 0-8247-5562-6 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Sensory processing: Primary afferent neurons/DRG. A1 - Nagy I ED - Evers; Maze T2 - Anesthetic Pharmacology: Physiologic Principles and Clinical Practice. Y1 - 2004/// PB - Chirchill Livingstone CY - Philadelphia SP - 187 EP - 197 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of Hyperhidrosis A1 - Ashwin C A1 - Naughton-Morgan N ED - Davies AH T2 - Fast Facts - Vascular Highlights 2003-2004 Y1 - 2004/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Evidence for elective surgery in the Frankish states of the near east in the crusader period (12th-13th centuries) A1 - Mitchell PD ED - KP Jankrift and F Steger T2 - Gesundheit-Krankheit: Kulturtransder Medizinischen Wissens von der Spätantike bis in die Frühe Neuzeit Y1 - 2004/// PB - Böhlau-Verlag CY - Cologne SP - 121 EP - 138 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Multi-dimensional proton NMR spectroscopy A1 - J.C. Lindon ED - P.Worsfield, A. Townshend & C. Poole T2 - Encyclopedia of Analytical Science. Second Edition Y1 - 2004/// PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford SP - 350 EP - 357 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Metabonomics and its role in disease diagnosis A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - E. Holmes A1 - J.K. Nicholson ED - J. Fuchs & M. Podda T2 - Encyclopedia of Medical Genomics and Proteomics Y1 - 2004/// PB - Marcel Dekker CY - New York SN - 0-8247-5502-2 SP - 797 EP - 802 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Chapter 1, Resuscitation A1 - Touquet R A1 - Ward PA A1 - Platt MW A1 - Henry JA ED - Kirk RM, Ribbans WJ T2 - Clinical Surgery in General, 4th Edition Y1 - 2004/// PB - Churchill Livingstone N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Arterial Disease A1 - Fligelstone LJ T2 - EMQ's for Surgery Y1 - 2004/// PB - TFM Publishers Limited SP - 1 EP - 21 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Systemic fungal infection in the ITU A1 - Kibbler A1 - Soni N T2 - The effective prevention and management of systemic fungal infection Y1 - 2004/// PB - Aesculapius Medical N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Lactic acidosis A1 - Handy A1 - Soni N T2 - Yearbook of intensive care and emergency medicine Y1 - 2004/// PB - Springer N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Electrolyte solutions and colloids A1 - Soni N ED - Evers AS, Maze M T2 - Anaesthetic Pharmacology Y1 - 2004/// PB - Churchill Livingstone N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Asthma A1 - Soni N ED - Pollard T2 - Handbook of clinical anaesthesia Y1 - 2004/// PB - Churchill Livingston N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Venous Disease A1 - Davies A H T2 - EMQ's for Surgery Y1 - 2004/// PB - TFM Press Limited SP - 77 EP - 88 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The oxygen whirlpool A1 - Kuper A1 - Soni N T2 - Yearboko of intensive care and emergency medicine Y1 - 2004/// PB - Springer N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The choice of intravenous fluid: crystalloid or colloid A1 - Kuper A1 - Soni N ED - Webb AR T2 - Therapeutics: intravenous fluid therapy Y1 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Basic Surgical Knowledge A1 - Davies AH A1 - Fligelstone LJ T2 - EMQ's for Surgery Y1 - 2004/// PB - TFM Publishers Limited SP - 1 EP - 21 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Spleen A1 - Spalding, D R C A1 - Williamson, R C N ED - Henry & Thompson T2 - Clinical Surgery Y1 - 2004/// VL - 2 PB - Saunders N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Vein graft surveillance is a waste of time? A1 - Wales L A1 - Hawdon A Y1 - 2004/// PB - Minerva N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Psychological factors in measurement of pain A1 - Koutantji A1 - Pearce S ED - C. Bountra, R. Munglani T2 - Current understanding, emerging therapies, and novel approaches to drug discovery Y1 - 2003/05// PB - Marcel Dekker CY - NY USA N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Diagnosis and management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and early invasive lesions. A1 - Soutter WP ED - AB MacLean, A Singer, H Critchley T2 - Lower Genital Tract Neoplasia Y1 - 2003/// PB - RCOG Press CY - London SP - 231 EP - 238 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Hirsutism & Virilization A1 - Gilling-Smith C A1 - Franks S ED - Shaw RW, Soutter WP & Stanton SL T2 - In Gynaecology Y1 - 2003/// PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh SP - 387 EP - 399 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Future of Dialysis A1 - Davies A H ED - Davies A H Gibbons C P T2 - Renal Access Simplified Y1 - 2003/// PB - TFM Publishers SP - 183 EP - 189 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Analgesics: cannabinoids A1 - Rice, A.S.C ED - Evers, A and Maze, M T2 - Anesthetic Pharmacology: Physiologic Principles and Clinical Practice Y1 - 2003/// PB - Harcourt Health Sciences CY - St Louis SP - 491 EP - 506 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Spin relaxation and molecular motions in the polycrystalline -L-fucopyranose and -L-fucopyranoside A1 - Tang, HR A1 - Wang, YL T2 - Proc. Int. 10th Beijing Conf. Exhib. Instr. Anal Y1 - 2003/// PB - PKU Press, Beijing SN - 7-301-06514-0 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Nosocomial infection A1 - Soni N ED - Bersten A, Soni N, Oh TE T2 - Oh's intensive care manual 5th edition Y1 - 2003/// PB - Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Thrombolysis in Graft occlusions is overrated A1 - Davies A H A1 - Rodway A A1 - Gibbs R ED - Greenhalgh R M Y1 - 2003/// PB - BIBA Medical SP - 349 EP - 356 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive vaginal cancer. A1 - Soutter WP ED - AB MacLean, A Singer, H Critchley T2 - Lower Genital Tract Neoplasia Y1 - 2003/// PB - RCOG Press CY - London SP - 319 EP - 325 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Genetic origin and diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease A1 - Fisher RA ED - Hancock BW, Newlands ES, Berkowitz RS, Cole L T2 - Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Y1 - 2003/// VL - 2nd PB - http://www.isstd.org SP - 6 EP - 38 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - JAK/STAT signalling: a tale of jeeps and trains A1 - Costa-Pereira A.P. A1 - Strobl B. A1 - Lillemeier B.F. A1 - Is'harc H. A1 - Kerr I.M. ED - Sehgal P.B., Levy D.E. and Hirano T. T2 - Signalt transducers and activators of transcription (STATs): activation and biology Y1 - 2003/// VL - 1 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers CY - London, UK. SN - 1-4020-1619-0 SP - 355 EP - 365 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - “Cell death (apoptosis) in human blastocysts” A1 - Hardy K A1 - Spanos S A1 - and Becker DL ED - Veeck L; T2 - Atlas of human blastocysts Y1 - 2003/// PB - Parthenon Publishing SP - 185 EP - 202 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Modélisation et chirurgie assistée par ordinateur A1 - Troccaz, J A1 - Luboz, V A1 - Chabanas, M A1 - Fleute, M A1 - Payan, Y A1 - Desbat, L ED - Elsevier T2 - Modélisation et chirurgie assistée par ordinateur Y1 - 2003/// CY - Monographie - Conférence d'Enseignement de la SOFCOT N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Medical management of varicose veins A1 - Gibbs R A1 - Soumian S ED - Hallett JW Mill JL Earnshaw JJ Reekers JA T2 - Comprehensive Vacular and Endovascular Surgery Y1 - 2003/// PB - Mosby N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Crystallisation of Membrane Proteins in Oils - Chapter 8 A1 - Chayen, N.E. ED - Iwata, S T2 - Methods and Results in Crystallization of Membrane Proteins Y1 - 2003/// PB - International University Line CY - USA SP - 131 EP - 139 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Carcinoma of the ovary and fallopian tube A1 - Dina R A1 - Rustin GJS A1 - Soutter P ED - RW Shaw, WP Soutter, SL Stanton T2 - Gynaecology Y1 - 2003/// M2 - 3rd Edition PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh SP - 677 EP - 698 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Prenatal/perinatal stress and its impact on psychosocial child development A1 - Glover V ED - Tremblay RE, Barr RG, Peters RDeV T2 - Encyclopedia on early childhood development (online) Y1 - 2003/// PB - Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development, Montreal, Canada SP - 1 EP - 5 N2 - - UR - http://www.excellence-jeunesenfants.ca/documents/GloverANGxp.pdf ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Maligant disease of the uterus A1 - Quinn M A1 - Jones B A1 - Dina R A1 - Soutter P ED - RW Shaw, WP Soutter, SL Stanton T2 - Gynaecology Y1 - 2003/// M2 - 3rd Edition PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh SP - 631 EP - 652 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The changing Role of surgical treatment A1 - Soutter P ED - S Ghaem-Maghami, K Orton, P Soutter T2 - Key Advances in the Clinical Management of Ovarian Cancer Y1 - 2003/// SP - 23 EP - 26 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Sex differences in pain A1 - Holdcroft A A1 - Berkley KJ ED - Melzack R, Wall PD T2 - Handbook of Pain Management Y1 - 2003/// PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh SP - 569 EP - 579 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Thoacoscopic Sympathectomy A1 - Clayton G ED - Lumley J T2 - Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2003/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Cannabinoids anad Pain Proceedings of the 10th World Congress on Pain A1 - Rice, A.S.C A1 - Farquhar-Smith, W.P A1 - Bridges, D ED - Dostrovsky, J.O. Carr, D.H and Kolztenburg, M T2 - Progress in Pain Control and Management Y1 - 2003/// M2 - 24 PB - IASB Press CY - Seattle SP - 437 EP - 467 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Biomedical applications of directly-coupled chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - N.J.C. Bailey A1 - J.K. Nicholson A1 - I.D. Wilson ED - R. Smith T2 - Handbook of Analytical Separations Vol 4 Y1 - 2003/// PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam SP - 293 EP - 329 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Benign tumours of the ovary. A1 - Soutter P A1 - Girling J A1 - Haidopoulos D ED - RW Shaw, WP Soutter, SL Stanton T2 - Gynaecology Y1 - 2003/// M2 - 3rd Edition PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh SP - 665 EP - 676 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - J.K. Nicholson ED - A.C. Moffat, M.D. Osselton & B. Widdop T2 - Clarke’s Analysis of Drugs and Poisons. Third Edition Y1 - 2003/// PB - Pharmaceutical Pr CY - London SP - 368 EP - 378 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Mass Spectrometry A1 - Barker, G A1 - Want, EJ A1 - Boydston, J A1 - Siuzdak G ED - Editor-in-Chief: Murray Goodman, San Diego, USA Editors: Arthur Felix, Mahwah, USA Luis Moroder, Martinsried, Germany Claudio Toniolo, Padova, Italy T2 - Science of Synthesis Y1 - 2003/// M2 - E22 PB - Houben-Weyl Thieme Chemistry SP - 680 EP - 695 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Premalignant disease of the genital tract. A1 - Soutter P A1 - Dina R ED - RW Shaw, WP Soutter, SL Stanton T2 - Gynaecology Y1 - 2003/// M2 - 3rd Edition PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh SP - 561 EP - 582 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Malignant disease of the vulva and vagina A1 - Dina R A1 - Soutter P A1 - Thomas H ED - RW Shaw, WP Soutter, SL Stanton T2 - Gynaecology Y1 - 2003/// M2 - 3rd Edition PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - Edinburgh SP - 615 EP - 630 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Local Neuroimmune interactions in visceral hyperalgesia. Bradykinin neutrophins and cannabinoids A1 - Rice, A.S.C ED - Bountra, C, Munglani R and Schmid, V.K T2 - Pain: Current understanding, emerging therapies and novel approaches to drug discovery Y1 - 2003/// PB - Marcel Dekker CY - New York SP - 135 EP - 148 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Surgery for venous ulcers A1 - Beresford T ED - Davies AH Nelson A Moneta G T2 - Fast Facts - Leg Ulcers Y1 - 2003/// PB - Health Press Limited N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Infectious disease; an intensive care clinician's perspective A1 - Soni N T2 - Classics in critical care Y1 - 2003/// PB - Bladon N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Fetal arrhythmias, Cardiac Malformations A1 - Gardiner HM ED - Hill LM; Mohammed K; Stone P; van Wijngaarden W; James DK T2 - Evidence based obstetrics Y1 - 2003/// PB - WB Saunders SP - 87 EP - 93 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Differential staining of inner and outer cells to assess mammalian embryo quality A1 - Van Soom A A1 - Boerjan M A1 - Hardy K T2 - Assessment of mammalian embryo quality: invasive and non-invasive techniques Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 11 SN - 1-4020-0581-4 SP - 237 EP - 266 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Liver resection for colorectal liver metastases: Results and prognostic factors A1 - Usatoff V A1 - Hansen P A1 - Al Musawi D A1 - Havlik R A1 - Dore C A1 - Wright A A1 - Habib NA ED - Nagy A Habib T2 - Multi-treatment Modalities of Liver Tumours Y1 - 2002/// PB - Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers CY - New York, USA SN - 0-3064-6746-1 SP - 33 EP - 41 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Graft Surveillance A1 - Beattie D A1 - Ellis M T2 - Care Pathways in Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2002/// PB - JVRG TFM Publishers SP - 107 EP - 116 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Physiology of the Developing Human Fetal Heart A1 - Gardiner HM ED - Anderson RH; Baker EJ; Macartney FJ; Rigby ML; Shinebourne EA; Tynan M T2 - Paediatric Cardiology Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 2nd Edition PB - Churchill Livingstone CY - London SP - 655 EP - 686 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Metabonomic technology as a tool for rapid throughput in vivo toxicity screening A1 - D.G. Robertson A1 - M. Reily A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - E. Holmes A1 - J.K. Nicholson ED - J.P Vanden Heuvel, G.H. Perdew, W.B. Mattes & W.F. Greenlee T2 - Comprehensive Toxicology. Vol XIV. Molecular and Cellular Toxicology Y1 - 2002/// PB - Elsevier SN - 0-444-50868-6 SP - 583 EP - 610 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Pharmacologie des derives cannabinoides: applications au raitement de la douleur? A1 - Rice, A.S.C T2 - Ann Fr Anesth Reanim Y1 - 2002/// VL - 21 M2 - 6 SP - 493 EP - 508 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Human fetal and maternal stress responses A1 - Gitau R A1 - Fisk NM A1 - Glover V T2 - Stress:Neural, endorcrine and molecular studies Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-4152-7220-3 SP - 215 EP - 217 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of acute visceral ischaemia A1 - Perko MJ A1 - Schroeder TV T2 - Diseases of the visceral circulation Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-3408-0722-9 SP - 80 EP - 87 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Selective expansion of fetal mesenchymal stem cells over maternal cells for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis A1 - O'Donoghue K A1 - Campagnoli C A1 - Choolani M A1 - Kumar S A1 - Roberts IAG A1 - Bennett PR A1 - Fisk NM T2 - Early prenatal diagnosis,fetal cells and DNA in the mother. Present state and perspectives Y1 - 2002/// SN - 8-0246-0397-7 SP - 87 EP - 95 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Management of candida infections in the ICU; European perspective A1 - Soni N ED - Barnes, Warnock T2 - Fungal infection in the intensive care unit Y1 - 2002/// PB - Kluwer Academic Publisher N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Diseases of the cervix A1 - Soutter WP T2 - Obstetrics & Gynaecology: Clinical and basic aspects Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8609-4276-8 SP - 294 EP - 303 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Intra-operative radiofrequency heat ablation for hepatic tumours A1 - Havlik R A1 - Usatoff V A1 - Serracino-Inglott F A1 - Athanassiou M A1 - Serracino-Inglott K A1 - Abo-El-Nazar E A1 - Nicholls JP A1 - Habib NA ED - Nagy A Habib T2 - Multi-treatment Modalities of Liver Tumours Y1 - 2002/// PB - Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers CY - New York, USA SN - 0-3064-6746-1 SP - 167 EP - 177 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Role of imaging A1 - Khullar V T2 - Incontinence in women Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-9003-6467-0 SP - 76 EP - 90 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Effect of exercise on patients with intermittent claudiation A1 - Cheetham D A1 - Davies A H ED - Davies A H T2 - Fast Facts - Vascular Highlights Y1 - 2002/// PB - Health Press Limited SP - 13 EP - 17 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Selevtive expansion of fetal mesenchymal stem cells over maternal cells for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis A1 - O'Donoghue K A1 - Campagnoli C A1 - Choolani M A1 - Kumar S A1 - Roberts IAG A1 - Bennett PR A1 - Fisk NM T2 - Early prenatal diagnosis,fetal cells and DNA in the mother. Present state and perspectives Y1 - 2002/// SN - 8-0246-0397-7 SP - 87 EP - 95 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Coloproctology and the Pelvic Floor: Imaging A1 - Bartram CI A1 - Halligan S T2 - The Pelvic Floor: Its function and disorders Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-7020-2307-8 SP - 186 EP - 212 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Biomedical and pharmaceutical applications of HPLC-NMR and HPLC-NMR-MS A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - J.K. Nicholson A1 - I.D. Wilson ED - K. Albert T2 - In On-line LC-NMR and related Techniques Y1 - 2002/// PB - J. Wiley & Sons Ltd CY - Chichester SN - 0-471-49649-9 SP - 45 EP - 87 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Update of laser induced thermotherapy for liver tumours A1 - Usatoff V A1 - Habib NA ED - Nagy A Habib T2 - Multi-treatment Modalities of Liver Tumours Y1 - 2002/// PB - Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers CY - New York, USA SN - 0-3064-6746-1 SP - 189 EP - 195 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Pain: Sex/Gender Differences A1 - Berkley KJ A1 - Hoffman G A1 - Murry AZ A1 - Holdcroft A T2 - Hormones, Brains and Behaviour Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-1253-2104-X N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Polycystic ovary syndrome:candidate genes for hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinaemia A1 - Franks S A1 - Cela E A1 - Gharani N A1 - Waterworth D A1 - McCarthy M T2 - Genetics in Endocrinology Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-7817-1496-6 SP - 267 EP - 273 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Coloproctology and the Pelvic Floor: Imaging A1 - Bartram CI A1 - Halligan S Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-7020-2307-8 SP - 186 EP - 212 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The breast A1 - Webber LJ A1 - Franks S T2 - Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-1926-3045-8 SP - 1202 EP - 1213 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Human fetal and maternal stress responses A1 - Gitau R A1 - Fisk NM A1 - Glover V T2 - Stress:Neural, endorcrine and molecular studies Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-4152-7220-3 SP - 215 EP - 217 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Carcinoma of the vulva A1 - Soutter WP A1 - Thomas H T2 - Oxford Textbook of Oncology (2 volume set) Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 2nd SN - 0-1926-2926-3 SP - 1897 EP - 1911 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Diseases of the vulva A1 - Soutter WP T2 - Obstetrics & Gynaecology: Clinical and basic aspects Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8609-4276-8 SP - 288 EP - 293 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The myth of the spread of leprosy with the crusades A1 - Mitchell PD ED - C Roberts, K Manchester and M Lewis T2 - The Past and Present of Leprosy Y1 - 2002/// PB - Archaeopress CY - Oxford SP - 175 EP - 181 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Tumours of the prostate A1 - Horwich A A1 - Waxman J A1 - Abel P A1 - Laniado M A1 - Dearnaley P T2 - Oxford textbook of oncology 2nd edition Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-1926-2926-3 SP - 1939 EP - 1972 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Chapter 50: Pediatric Trauma A1 - Tam PKH, Lin CL ED - Aljafri A Majid, Andrew N Kingsnorth T2 - Surgical Practice Y1 - 2002/// PB - Greebwich Medical Media CY - UK SP - 795 EP - 806 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Ovary A1 - Gilling-Smith C A1 - Franks S ED - Thorner MO, Besser GM T2 - In Comprehensive Clinical Endocrinology Y1 - 2002/// PB - Mosby CY - London SP - 375 EP - 393 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Novel therapeutic strategies A1 - P Price A1 - RG Dale ED - Cassidy, Bissett and Spence T2 - Oxford handbook of oncology Y1 - 2002/// VL - 1st PB - OUP CY - Oxford SN - 0 19 263035 0 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Carcinoma of the ovary and fallopian tube A1 - Lambert HE A1 - Thomas H A1 - Soutter WP T2 - Treatment of Cancer Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 4th SN - 0-3407-5964-X SP - 707 EP - 726 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Ovarian germ-cell tumours and other rare ovarian tumours A1 - Newlands ES A1 - Paradinas FJ A1 - Seckl MJ T2 - The Oxford textbook of oncology Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-1926-2926-3 SP - 1809 EP - 1829 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Liver resection in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma A1 - Usatoff V A1 - Isla AM A1 - Habib NA ED - Nagy A Habib T2 - Multi-treatment Modalities of Liver Tumours Y1 - 2002/// PB - Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers CY - New York, USA SN - 0-3064-6746-1 SP - 11 EP - 19 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Leg Ulcer Clinics A1 - Beresford T A1 - Williams A T2 - Care Pathways in Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2002/// PB - JVRG TFM Publishers SP - 63 EP - 70 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Endovascular versus surgical reconstruction for the management of chronic visceral ischaemia; a comparative analysis A1 - Robless P A1 - Belli AM A1 - Geroulakos G T2 - Diseases of the visceral circulation Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-3408-0722-9 SP - 108 EP - 118 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Tumor imaging applications in the testing of new drugs A1 - Aboagye EO A1 - Saleem A A1 - Price PM T2 - Anticancer drug development Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-1207-2651-3 SP - 353 EP - 369 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The intensive care unit A1 - Cordingley J A1 - Brett SJ T2 - Acute renal failure in practice Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8609-4216-4 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Carcinoma of the vulva and vagina A1 - Soutter WP A1 - Lambert HE A1 - Thomas H T2 - Treatment of Cancer Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 4th SN - 0-3407-5964-X SP - 461 EP - 773 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Gene therapy approaches for cancer A1 - McNeish I A1 - Seckl MJ T2 - Gene therapy Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-8536-9455-9 SP - 87 EP - 134 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Endocannabinoids and Pain Spinal and Peripheral Analgesia in Inflammation and Neuropathy A1 - Rice, A.S.C A1 - Farquhar-Smith, W.P T2 - Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids Y1 - 2002/// VL - 66 M2 - 2-3 SP - 243 EP - 256 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Gestational trophoblastic tumours A1 - Seckl MJ A1 - Paradinas FJ A1 - Newlands ES T2 - The Oxford book of oncology 2nd edition Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-1926-2926-3 SP - 1896 EP - 1897 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Cannabimmetric eicosanoids in cancer and inflammation: an update A1 - Melck, D A1 - Bisogno, T A1 - De Petrocellis, L A1 - Beaulieu, P A1 - Rice, A.S.C T2 - Adv Exp Biol Med. Eicosanids and Other bioactive Lipids in Cancer Inflammation and Radiation Injuryry Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 507 SP - 381 EP - 386 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Recurrent miscarriage A1 - Clifford K A1 - Regan L T2 - Obstetrics & Gynaecology: clinical and basic science aspects Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8609-4276-8 SP - 64 EP - 69 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Biomedical and pharmaceutical applications of HPLC-NMR and HPLC-NMR-MS A1 - Lindon JC A1 - Nicholson JK A1 - Wilson ID T2 - On-line LC-NMR and related techniques Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-4714-9649-9 SP - 45 EP - 87 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The oocyte as a machine A1 - Hardy K T2 - Assisted reproductive technology: accomplishments and new horizons Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 5 SN - 0-5218-0121-4 SP - 70 EP - 80 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Applied physiology of inflammatory pain. A1 - Nagy I A1 - Rice A ED - Rice; Warfield; Justins; Eccleston T2 - Clinical Pain Management Y1 - 2002/// M2 - Acute Pain PB - Arnold CY - London SP - 17 EP - 42 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Indications for Cannabis and THC: Pain Therapy A1 - Holdcroft A T2 - Cannabis, Cannabinoids, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Potential Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-7890-1507-2 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Role of genes encoding steroidogenic enzymes in polycystic ovary syndrome A1 - Franks S A1 - Gharani N A1 - McCarthy M T2 - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-8247-0746-X SP - 247 EP - 259 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Chapter 19: “Cell Junctions, Cell Adhesion, and the Extracellular Matrix” in , 2002). Eds. . Garland Science ISBN: 0815340729. A1 - Robert Kypta (based on text in 3rd Edition) ED - Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts and Walter T2 - Molecular Biology of the Cell ( Y1 - 2002/// VL - Fourth Edition PB - Garland Science SN - 0815340729 SP - 1063 EP - 1125 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Fluid Physics and Macromolecular Growth in Microgravity - Chapter 14 A1 - Helliwell, J.R., A1 - Snell, E.H. A1 - Chayen, N.E., A1 - Judge, R.A., A1 - Boggon, T.J. A1 - Pusey, M.L. ED - Monti, S. ed (Taylor and Francis) T2 - Physics of Fluids in Microgravity Y1 - 2002/// SP - 489 EP - 514 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Current treatment opinions in neuropathic pain A1 - Hempenstall, K T2 - Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs Y1 - 2002/// VL - 3 M2 - 3 SP - 441 EP - 448 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The molecular biology of prostate cancer A1 - Wang J A1 - Waxman J T2 - Treatment Options in Urological Cancer Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-6320-5589-8 SP - 141 EP - 159 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Metabonomic technology as a tool for rapid throughput in vivo toxicity screening A1 - Robertson DG A1 - Reily M A1 - Lindon JC A1 - Holmes E A1 - Nicholson JK T2 - Comprehensive Toxicology Vol. XIV: Cellular and molecular toxicology Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-4445-0868-6 SP - 583 EP - 610 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Aetiology and classification of urinary incontinence A1 - Khullar V A1 - Boos K A1 - Cardozo LD T2 - Therapeutic management of incontinence and pelvic pain Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8523-3224-7 SP - 17 EP - 22 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The etiology of obstetric critical illness A1 - Williams B A1 - Brett SJ T2 - Yearbook of intensive care and emergency medicine 2002 Y1 - 2002/// SN - 3-5404-3149-7 SP - 889 EP - 896 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The neuropsychological consequences of Intensive Care A1 - Sukantarat TK A1 - Brett SJ T2 - Surviving Intensive Care (Update in intensive care and emergency medicine) Y1 - 2002/// SN - 3-5404-3811-4 SP - 51 EP - 61 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Investigations A1 - Khullar V A1 - Boos K A1 - Cardozo LD T2 - Therapeutic management of incontinence and pelvic pain Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8523-3224-7 SP - 55 EP - 62 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Endocrinology of Malignancy A1 - Agarwal R A1 - Waxman J T2 - Treatment of Cancer Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-3407-5964-X SP - 143 EP - 151 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Mechanisms of Inflammatory Pain: Role of neurotrophins and cannabinoids A1 - Rice AS Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8531-5481-4 SP - 35 EP - 45 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Ovary A1 - Gilling-Smith C A1 - Franks S T2 - Comprehensive Clinical Endocrinology Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 3rd SN - 0-7234-3185-X SP - 375 EP - 393 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Hirsutism A1 - Gilling-Smith C A1 - Franks S T2 - Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-1926-3045-8 SP - 1148 EP - 1159 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Low-dose gonadotrophin treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome:the 'step-up' protocol A1 - Franks S A1 - White DM T2 - Ovulation Induction (Series-European practice in gynaecology and obstetrics,3) Y1 - 2002/// SN - 2-8429-9316-0 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Caesarean sections for all patients? A1 - Fisk NM T2 - The 3rd world congress on controversies in obstetrics gynaecology and infertility Y1 - 2002/// SN - 8-8323-2620-5 SP - 111 EP - 115 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Apoptosis in mammalian embryos A1 - Hardy K A1 - Spanos S T2 - Assessment of mammalian embryo quality: invasive and non-invasive techniques Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 12 SN - 1-4020-0581-4 SP - 267 EP - 293 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Prostate A1 - Agarwal R A1 - Waxman J T2 - Treatment of Cancer 4th Edition Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-3407-5964-X SP - 633 EP - 645 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Hepatic arterial chemotherapy for colorectal liver metatases A1 - Mathur P A1 - Tsavellas G A1 - Allen-Mersh TG T2 - Multi-treatment modalities for liver tumours Y1 - 2002/// M2 - 2002 (20) SN - 0-3064-6746-1 SP - 247 EP - 258 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Hormone therapy of prostate cancer A1 - Agarwal R A1 - Waxman J T2 - Treatment options in urological cancer Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-6320-5589-8 SP - 220 EP - 236 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Female endocrinology A1 - Franks S T2 - Oxford textbook of endocrinology and diabetes Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-1926-3045-8 SP - 1063 EP - 1226 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Chapter 51: Pediatric Oncology A1 - Tam PKH, Lin CL ED - Aljafri A Majid, Andrew N Kingnorth T2 - Surgical Practice Y1 - 2002/// PB - Greenwich Medical Media CY - UK SP - 807 EP - 820 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Metabonomic technology as a tool for rapid throughput in vivo toxicity screening A1 - Robertson DG A1 - Reily M A1 - Lindon JC A1 - Holmes E A1 - Nicholson JK T2 - Comprehensive Toxicology Vol. XIV: Cellular and molecular toxicology Y1 - 2002/// SN - 0-4445-0868-6 SP - 583 EP - 610 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Surgery for genuine stress incontinence A1 - Khullar V A1 - Cardozo LD A1 - Boos K T2 - Therapeutic management of incontinence and pelvic pain Y1 - 2002/// SN - 1-8523-3224-7 SP - 95 EP - 98 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Nose as a Target of Air Pollution A1 - Hesham Saleh A1 - Valerie Lund ED - B. Wallaert, P. Chanez and P. Godard T2 - The European Respiratory Monograph: The Nose and Lung Diseases Y1 - 2001/12// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - NMR and pattern recognition studies on the biochemistry of black tea-derived polyphenolic compounds in the rat A1 - Solanky KS A1 - Bailey NJC A1 - Holmes E A1 - Lindon JC A1 - Nicholson JK A1 - Davis AL A1 - Mulder TPJ A1 - Van Duynhoven J ED - Pfannhauser W, Fenwick GR, Khokhar S T2 - Biologicall active phytochemicals in food Y1 - 2001/// PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge SP - 140 EP - 142 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Investigation and Analysis of Serious Incidents A1 - Vincent CA A1 - Taylor-Adams S ED - Vincent, C.A. T2 - Clinical Risk Management (2nd Edition) Y1 - 2001/// PB - BMJ Publications N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Mechanical heart-pericardium-lung interactions A1 - Takata M A1 - Robotham JL Y1 - 2001/// SP - 257 EP - 278 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Guiding therapeutic procedures A1 - Edwards PJ A1 - Hawkes DJ A1 - Penney GP A1 - Clarkson MJ ED - Jo Hajnal, David J Hawkes, Derek LG Hill T2 - Medical Image Registration Y1 - 2001/// PB - CRC Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The seriously ill and injured patient A1 - Soni N ED - Henry MM, Thompson JN T2 - Clinical Surgery Y1 - 2001/// PB - WB Saunders N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Medical disorders in pregnancy A1 - Nelson-Piercy C A1 - Williamson C Y1 - 2001/// M2 - 3rd SN - 0-4430-6365-6 SP - 275 EP - 297 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Using AMCA to label the fetal cell antigen in fetal erythroblasts circumvents heme autofluorescence, enhances cFISH hybridisation efficiency and improves specificity of fetal cell identification A1 - Choolani M A1 - O'Donnell H A1 - Campagnoli C A1 - Kumar S A1 - Bennett P A1 - Fisk NM Y1 - 2001/// SN - 3-8055-7222-0 SP - 74 EP - 81 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Apoptosis in the human blastocyst:role of survival factors A1 - Hardy K A1 - Spanos S Y1 - 2001/// SN - 0-3879-5245-4 SP - 144 EP - 154 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Mechanisms of Chemical Carcinogenesis A1 - Gooderham NJ A1 - Carmichael PL T2 - The Cancer Handbook Y1 - 2001/// PB - Nature Publishing Group SN - 0-333-77659-3 SP - 273 EP - 291 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Clinical Risk Management and the Analysis of Incidents A1 - Vincent CA A1 - Walshe K ED - Clements, R.V. T2 - Risk Management and Litigation in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Y1 - 2001/// PB - Royal Society of Medicine Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The role of enteral and parenteral nutrition: enteral vs parental A1 - Gabe SM Y1 - 2001/// SP - 759 EP - 773 N2 - - UR - NULL ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervix A1 - Soutter WP A1 - DeSouza N Y1 - 2001/// SN - 9-0582-3100-3 SP - 15 EP - 32 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Liver disease in pregnancy A1 - Williamson C A1 - Nelson-Piercy C Y1 - 2001/// M2 - 3rd SN - 1-8564-2193-7 SP - 129 EP - 138 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Investigation and assessment and Management of Varicose Veins A1 - Smith J ED - Davies A H T2 - Fast Facts - Vascular Highlights Y1 - 2001/// PB - Health Press Limited SP - 34 EP - 44 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Fetal growth restriction:small for gestational age A1 - Fisk NM A1 - Smith RP Y1 - 2001/// M2 - 3rd SN - 0-4430-6365-6 SP - 197 EP - 209 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Effect of inter-and intra-allelic variation on starch granular structure A1 - Hedley, CL A1 - Bogracheva, TY A1 - Wang, YL ED - T.L. Barsby, A.M. Donald, P.J. Frazier T2 - Starch-Advances in Structure and Function Y1 - 2001/// PB - Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Liver and biliary tree A1 - Habib N A1 - Scott-Coombes D ED - MM Henry and JN Thompson T2 - Clinical Surgery Y1 - 2001/// PB - WB Saunders SN - 0-7020-1588-1 SP - 273 EP - 292 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Mechanisms of neuropathic pain A1 - Bridges, D A1 - Thompson, S.W.N T2 - British Journal of Anaesthesia Y1 - 2001/// VL - 87 M2 - 1 SP - 12 EP - 26 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Infection and pregnancy loss A1 - Regan L A1 - Jivraj S Y1 - 2001/// SN - 1-9003-6444-1 SP - 291 EP - 304 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Caesarean section for everyone? A1 - Fisk NM Y1 - 2001/// SN - 3-8959-9308-5 SP - 29 EP - 30 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Sporadic and recurrent miscarriage A1 - Regan L A1 - Clifford K Y1 - 2001/// SN - 0-4430-6365-6 SP - 117 EP - 128 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Radiobiology of high dose-rate, low dose-rate and pulsed dose-rate brachytherapy A1 - Brenner DJ A1 - Dale R A1 - Orton C A1 - Fowler J ED - CAF Joslin, A Fkynn and EJ Hall. T2 - Principles & practice of brachytherapy Y1 - 2001/// VL - 1st PB - Arnold CY - London SN - 0-3407-4209-7 SP - 189 EP - 204 N2 - - UR - http://NULL ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy A1 - Clayton G ED - Greenahalgh R M Mitchell A Davies AH T2 - An Atalas of Endovascular and Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2001/// PB - Saunders W B SP - 293 EP - 294 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Chapter 9, Risk management in accident and emergency medicine A1 - Driscoll P A1 - Thomas M A1 - Touquet R A1 - Fothergill J ED - Vincent C T2 - Clinical Risk Management, 2nd Edition Y1 - 2001/// PB - BMJ Publishing N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Risk management and litigation A1 - Soutter WP Y1 - 2001/// SN - 1-8531-5480-6 SP - 281 EP - 295 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Cannabinoids and pain A1 - Rice, A.S.C T2 - Current Opinion In Investigational Drugs Y1 - 2001/// VL - 2 M2 - 3 SP - 399 EP - 414 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Prenatal screening A1 - Fisk NM Y1 - 2001/// SN - 1-8531-5480-6 SP - 103 EP - 142 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The ATP-sensitive potassium channel: a metabolic sensor A1 - F.M. Ashcroft A1 - S. Trapp ED - K.B. Storey T2 - Molecular Mechanisms of Metabolic Arrest; Life in Limbo Y1 - 2001/// PB - BIOS Scientific Publishers Ltd CY - Oxford SN - 1859962122 SP - 43 EP - 58 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Role of Graft Surveillance A1 - Beattie D T2 - Emergency Vascular Surgery Y1 - 2001/// VL - 2nd N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Pituitary gonadotropins and their disorders A1 - Bremner WJ A1 - Huhtaniemi I A1 - Amory JK ED - KL Becker T2 - Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism Y1 - 2001/// VL - 3rd Edition PB - Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins CY - Philadelphia SP - 170 EP - 177 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Dose-rate and RBE effects in implant brachtytherapy and targeted radiotherapy A1 - RG Dale ED - V Stefan T2 - Radiation Oncology Physics - 2001 Y1 - 2001/// VL - 1st PB - Stefan University Press CY - La Jolla SN - 1 8895 451 47 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Revascularization and or Debridement in Infection and Ischaemia A1 - Hafez H ED - Melini M T2 - Medicine & Hygiene Y1 - 2001/// PB - Geneva SP - 71 EP - 74 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Using AMCA to label the fetal cell antigen in fetal erythroblasts circumvents heme autofluorescence, enhances cFISH hybridisation efficiency and improves specificity of fetal cell identification A1 - Choolani M A1 - O'Donnell H A1 - Campagnoli C A1 - Kumar S A1 - Bennett P A1 - Fisk NM Y1 - 2001/// SN - 3-8055-7222-0 SP - 74 EP - 81 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Caring for Patients Harmed by Treatment A1 - Vincent CA ED - Vincent, C.A. T2 - Clinical Risk Management (2nd Edition) Y1 - 2001/// PB - BMJ Publications N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Parasitic intestinal helminth ova from the latrines of the 13th century crusader hospital of St John in Acre, Israel A1 - Mitchell PD A1 - Stern E ED - M La Verghetta, L Capasso T2 - Proceedings of the XIIIth European Meeting of the Paleopathology Association, Chieti, Itali Y1 - 2001/// PB - Edigrafital S.p.A. CY - Teramo SP - 207 EP - 213 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Fast Field Cycling NMR  Applications to Food A1 - Belton, PS ED - P.S. Belton, G.A. Webb T2 - Advance Magnetic Resonance in Food Science Y1 - 2000/// PB - RSC, Cambridge N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - 13C NMR parameter survey A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - R.D. Farrant ED - J.C. Lindon, G.E. Tranter & J.L. Holmes T2 - Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry Y1 - 2000/// PB - Academic Press CY - London SP - 159 EP - 165 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Chapter 2: Dendritic cells A1 - Austyn JM, Chao D, Lin CL, Roake JA, Suri RM ED - Dallman MJ and Lamb JR T2 - Handbooks in Practical Animal Cell Biology Y1 - 2000/// PB - Cambridge University Press CY - UK N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Human Factors Approaches to the Analysis of Serious Incidents A1 - Taylor-Adams S A1 - Vincent CA ED - Vincent, C.A. and de Mol, B. T2 - Safety in Medicine Y1 - 2000/// PB - Elsevier N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Carcinoma of the ovary and fallopian tube A1 - Soutter WP ED - S Campbell, A Monga T2 - Gynaecology by Ten Teachers Y1 - 2000/// M2 - 17th Edition PB - Arnold CY - London SP - 155 EP - 166 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Kivekset (The testes) A1 - Huhtaniemi I A1 - Valimaki M ED - M Valimaki, T Sane & L Dunkel T2 - Endokrinologia (Endocrinology) Y1 - 2000/// PB - Duodecim CY - Helsinki, Finland SP - 359 EP - 398 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Gonadotropin receptor mutations A1 - Huhtaniemi I ED - S Melmed T2 - Hormone Action: Basic and Clinical Aspects Y1 - 2000/// PB - BioScientifica Ltd CY - Bristol SP - 131 EP - 144 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Benign tumours of the ovary A1 - Soutter WP ED - S Campbell, A Monga T2 - Gynaecology by Ten Teachers Y1 - 2000/// M2 - 17th Edition PB - Arnold CY - London SP - 131 EP - 142 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Biofluids studied by NMR A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - J.K. Nicholson ED - J.C. Lindon, G.E. Tranter & J.L. Holmes T2 - Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry Y1 - 2000/// PB - Academic Press CY - London SP - 98 EP - 116 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - In vivo NMR methods A1 - J.C. Lindon ED - J.C. Lindon, G.E. Tranter & J.L. Holmes T2 - Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry Y1 - 2000/// PB - Academic Press CY - London SP - 866 EP - 867 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - SPECT, methods and instrumentation A1 - Lindon, JC ED - JC LIndon, GE Tranter & JL Holmes T2 - Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry Y1 - 2000/// PB - Academic Press SP - 2159 EP - 2161 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Nucleic acids studied using NMR A1 - Lindon JC ED - Lindon JC, Tranter GE, Holmes J T2 - Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy & Spectrometry Y1 - 2000/// PB - Academic Press CY - London SP - 1688 EP - 1689 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Recruitment of p160 coactivators to androgen receptors A1 - Parker M A1 - Bevan C ED - B. Jegou, C. Pinau and J. Saez T2 - Testis, Epididymis and Technologies in the Year 2000 Y1 - 2000/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - Berlin SP - 165 EP - 172 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - In vivo NMR methods A1 - Lindon, JC ED - JC Lindon, GE Tranter & JL Holmes T2 - Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry Y1 - 2000/// PB - Academic Press SP - 866 EP - 867 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Drug Treatment of Neuropathic Pain A1 - Anonymous (see Drugs and Therapeutics, Bulletin T2 - Drugs and Therapies Bulletin Y1 - 2000/// VL - 38 M2 - 12 SP - 89 EP - 93 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Efficient characterisation of minor components in pharmaceutical materials using HPLC-NMR and related hyphenated NMR methods A1 - I.D. Wilson A1 - L. Griffiths A1 - J.C. Lindon A1 - J.K. Nicholson ED - S. Görög T2 - Identification and Determination of Impurities in Drugs Y1 - 2000/// PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam SP - 299 EP - 322 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - An evaluation of the leprosy of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem in the context of the mediaeval world A1 - Mitchell PD ED - B Hamilton T2 - The Leper King and his Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem Y1 - 2000/// PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge SP - 245 EP - 258 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - NMR Spectrometers A1 - J.C. Lindon ED - J.C. Lindon, G.E. Tranter & J.L. Holmes T2 - Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry Y1 - 2000/// PB - Academic Press CY - London SP - 1576 EP - 1583 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Compression dans la prevention des thromboses. A1 - Kalodiki, E A1 - Nicolaides, AN ED - C Gardon-Mollard, A-A Ramelet T2 - La contention medicale. Y1 - 1999/// PB - Masson CY - Paris SN - 2-225-83855-0 SP - 120 EP - 127 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurism with endoluminal graft through the femoral approach in cardiac disease (coronaries or valvular disease) A1 - Papapavlu, P A1 - Polydorou, A A1 - Koukoulas, A A1 - Liaou, L A1 - Gregoropoulou, A A1 - Plaitakis, Z A1 - Kalodiki, E A1 - Makris, S A1 - Agapopoulos, A A1 - Ionescu, LM ED - J Dayiadas, SK Volteas T2 - Current Hellenic vascular and endovascular surgery Y1 - 1999/// PB - Synedron CY - Athens SN - 960-8004-07-1 SP - 217 EP - 220 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Tuberculosis in the crusades A1 - Mitchell PD ED - G Palfi, O Dutour, J Deak, I Hutas T2 - Tuberculosis: Past and Present Y1 - 1999/// PB - Golden Book-TB Foundation CY - Budapest-Szeged SP - 43 EP - 49 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Insights Into the Nucleation and Growth of Protein Crystals A1 - Chayen, N.E T2 - Recent Research Developments in Crystal Growth Y1 - 1999/// PB - Trans World Research Network SP - 217 EP - 225 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Changes in the fetal and placental circulations associated with IUGR in humans A1 - Maršál K A1 - Gardiner HM ED - O’Brien PMS; Wheeler T; Barker DJP T2 - Fetal Programming: Influences on development and disease in later life Y1 - 1999/// PB - London: RCOG SP - 349 EP - 364 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The role of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in drug metabolism A1 - I.D. Wilson A1 - J.K. Nicholson A1 - J.C. Lindon ED - T.S. Woolf T2 - Handbook of Drug Metabolism Y1 - 1999/// PB - Marcel Dekker Inc CY - New York SP - 523 EP - 550 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Oils for Crystals A1 - Chayen, N.E. ED - Bergfors, T. T2 - Crystallisation of Proteins: Techniques, Strategies and Tips Y1 - 1999/// PB - International University Line CY - USA SP - 163 EP - 179 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Prevention of venous thromboembolism A1 - Kalodiki, E ED - C Gardon-Mollard, A-A Ramelet T2 - Compression Therapy Y1 - 1999/// PB - Masson CY - Paris SN - 2-225-83462-8 SP - 102 EP - 110 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Human Factors Approaches to Medicine A1 - Vincent CA A1 - Reason JT ED - Rosenthal, M. and Mulcahy, L. T2 - Medical Mishaps: Pieces of the Puzzle Y1 - 1999/// PB - Open University Press N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Fallibility, Uncertainty and the Impact of Mistakes and Litigation A1 - Vincent CA ED - fFirth-Cozens, J. and Payne, R. T2 - Stress in Health Professionals (3rd Edition) Y1 - 1999/// PB - Wiley N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Pain mechanisms and pathways A1 - Rice, A.S.C T2 - Current Anaesthesia and Critical Care Y1 - 1999/// VL - 10 SP - 98 EP - 104 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Detection of Molecular Events During Apoptosis By Flow Cytometry A1 - Carmody R.J. A1 - Costa-Pereira A.P. A1 - McKenna S.L. A1 - Cotter T.G. ED - Strehler B. T2 - Ageing: Methods and Protocols Y1 - 1999/// PB - The Humana Press Inc. CY - Totowa, USA N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Malignant disese of the ovary A1 - Soutter WP ED - DK Edmonds T2 - Dewhurst's Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for Postgraduates Y1 - 1999/// PB - Blackwell Science CY - Oxford SP - 560 EP - 571 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Automation, Microgravity and other topics on protein crystallisation A1 - Chayen, N.E. ED - Bergfors, T T2 - Crystallisation of Proteins: Techniques, Strategies and Tips Y1 - 1999/// PB - International University Line CY - USA SP - 219-220; 222 224,226,230-233, N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Gonadotropin receptors A1 - Tena-Sempere M A1 - Huhtaniemi IT ED - BCMK Fauser, AJ Rutherford, JF Strauss III & A Van Steirteghem T2 - Molecular biology in reproductive medicine Y1 - 1999/// PB - Parthenon Publishing CY - New York and Carnforth SP - 165 EP - 200 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Endocrine regulation of male reproduction A1 - Huhtaniemi IT ED - C Wang T2 - Male Reproductive Function Y1 - 1999/// PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers CY - Norwell, MA SP - 1 EP - 18 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Front Cover and sections on crystallisation of proteins A1 - Chayen, N.E. ED - Cressy, G. and Mercer, I.E. T2 - Crystals Y1 - 1999/// PB - Natural History Museum CY - London N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Paracrine and autocrine control of Leydig cell function A1 - Huhtaniemi I A1 - El-Hefnawy T A1 - Zhang F-P A1 - Markkula M A1 - Toppari J ED - M Rajalakshmi & PD Griffin T2 - Male Contraception: Present and Future Y1 - 1999/// PB - New Age Intl CY - New Delhi SP - 63 EP - 85 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The pathophysiology of nutritional failure A1 - Gabe, SM ED - AW Webb, MJ Shapiro, M Singer, PM Suter T2 - Oxford Textbook of Critical Care Y1 - 1999/// PB - Oxford Medical Publications CY - Oxford N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Abscence of correlation between atheromatic disease and helicobacter pyloridis contamination A1 - Papapavlu, P A1 - Polydorou, A A1 - Triantaphyllides, I A1 - Stylianea, A A1 - Kalodiki, E A1 - Cherakakis, P A1 - Karle, A A1 - Ionescu, LM A1 - Panoussis, G A1 - Papapetrou, A A1 - Nikitas, I A1 - Koukoulas, A ED - J.Dayiadas, SK Volteas T2 - Current Hellenic vascular and endovascular surgery Y1 - 1999/// PB - Synedron CY - Athens SN - 960-8004-07-1 SP - 50 EP - 52 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Metabolic alterations associated with apoptosis A1 - Costa-Pereira A.P. A1 - Cotter T.G. ED - Studinzski G. T2 - Apoptosis - a practical approach Y1 - 1999/// PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford, UK. N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Metabolism and genotoxicity of food-derived heterocyclic amines A1 - Gooderham, N.J. A1 - Lynch, A.M. A1 - Yadollahi-Farsani, M. A1 - Murray, S. A1 - Boobis, A. A1 - Davies, D.S. ED - Gooderham, N.J. T2 - Drug Metabolism: Towards the next Millennium Y1 - 1998/// PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam SP - 127 EP - 136 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The archaeological approach to the study of disease in the Crusader States, as employed at Le Petit Gérin A1 - Mitchell PD ED - H Nicholson T2 - The Miliary Orders Y1 - 1998/// M2 - 2. Welfare and Warfare PB - Ashgate CY - Aldershot SP - 43 EP - 50 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Endocrine regulation of male reproduction A1 - Huhtaniemi I ED - C Wang T2 - Male Reproductive Function Y1 - 1998/// PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers CY - Norwell, MA SP - 1 EP - 18 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The intestinal permeability barrier - what is it and what does it mean? A1 - Gabe, SM A1 - Jacob, M A1 - Bjarnason, I ED - Blum HE, Bode CH, Bodie, JCH, Sartor RB T2 - Gut and the Liver Y1 - 1998/// PB - Falk Symposium, Klune Academic Publications N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Hormonal regulation of the testis A1 - Huhtaniemi I A1 - Toppari J ED - F Martinez-Garcia & J Regadera T2 - Male Reproduction, a Multidisciplinary Overview Y1 - 1998/// PB - Churchill CY - London SP - 67 EP - 80 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The role of Chemokines in the regulation od dendritic cell chemotaxis and transendothelial migration in vivo A1 - Lin CL T2 - Oxford University Press Y1 - 1998/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Developments in the pathophysiology of acute pain A1 - Rice, A.S.C T2 - Acute pain Y1 - 1998/// VL - 1 M2 - 2 SP - 27 EP - 36 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Inactivating and activating mutations of the FSH receptor gene A1 - Huhtaniemi I ED - AM Spiegel T2 - Contemporary Endicrinology: G Proteins, Receptors and Disease Y1 - 1998/// PB - Humana Press CY - Totowa, NJ SP - 155 EP - 165 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Medical Accidents and Risk Management A1 - Vincent CA ED - Thomas, L and McNeil, P. T2 - The Medical Accidents Handbook Y1 - 1998/// PB - Wiley N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Ovarian development: from foetus to adult A1 - Huhtaniemi I ED - R Stanhope T2 - Adolescent Endocrinology Y1 - 1998/// PB - BioScientifica Ltd CY - Bristol SP - 33 EP - 38 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Preterm Labor A1 - Hawkins DF A1 - Fusi L ED - Kurjac T2 - Textbook of Perinatal Medicine II Y1 - 1998/// PB - Pathenon Publishing Group CY - London-New York SP - 1345 EP - 1361 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The use of cannabis and its derivatives for medical and recreational purposes A1 - Lachmann, P.J A1 - Edwards, J.G A1 - Pertwee, R.G A1 - Robbins, I.W A1 - Sykes, Sir R A1 - Wall, P.D T2 - The Royal Society and the Academy of Medical Sciences Y1 - 1998/// N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - FSH resistance A1 - Aittomaki K A1 - Huhtaniemi I ED - JL Jameson T2 - Contemporary Endocrinology Y1 - 1998/// PB - Humana Press CY - Totowa, NJ SP - 197 EP - 207 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Radiobiological considerations in gynaecological radiotherapy A1 - RG Dale ED - HW Vahrson T2 - Radiation oncology of gynaecological cancers Y1 - 1997/// VL - 1st PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg SN - 3 540 56768 2 SP - 11 EP - 24 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Modelling the practical requirements of clinical radiotherapy A1 - RG Dale ED - K Baier and D Baltas T2 - Modelling in clinical radiobiology Y1 - 1997/// VL - 1st PB - Albert Ludwigs University CY - Freiburg SP - 69 EP - 76 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Genetics of gestational trophoblastic disease A1 - Fisher RA ED - Hancock BW, Newlands ES, Berkowitz RS T2 - Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Y1 - 1997/// PB - Chapman and Hall Medical, London SP - 5 EP - 26 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Prevention of nerve damage in branchial plexus block A1 - Rice, A.S.C ED - A Van Zundert T2 - Highights in Pain and Regional Anaesthesia Y1 - 1997/// M2 - VI PB - Permanver Publications SP - 60 EP - 64 N2 - - ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis A1 - Kalodiki, E A1 - Nicolaides, AN ED - R Pifarre T2 - New anticoagulants for the cardiovascular patient Y1 - 1997/// PB - Hanley & Belfus, Inc CY - Philadelphia SN - 1-56053-220-3 SP - 609 EP - 619 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Association of ICAM3 genetic variant with severe acute respiratory syndrome A1 - Chan, KYK A1 - Ching, JCY A1 - Xu, MS A1 - Cheung, ANY A1 - Yip, SP A1 - Yam, LYC A1 - Lai, ST A1 - Chu, CM A1 - Wong, ATY A1 - Song, YQ A1 - Huang, FP A1 - Liu, W A1 - Chung, PH A1 - Leung, GM A1 - Chow, EYD A1 - Chan, EYT A1 - Chan, JCK A1 - Ngan, HYS A1 - Tam, P A1 - Chan, LC A1 - Sham, P A1 - Chan, VSF A1 - Peiris, M A1 - Lin, SCL A1 - Khoo, US U1 - 8th International Human Genome Meeting Y1 - 2007/07/15/ Y2 - // VL - 196 SP - 271 EP - 280 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The impact of technical factors on outcome of restorative proctocolectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis A1 - von Roon, AC A1 - Tekkis, PP A1 - Clark, SK A1 - Heriot, AG A1 - Lovegrove, RE A1 - Truvolo, S A1 - Nicholls, RJ A1 - Phillips, RKS U1 - Meeting of the Association-of-Coloproctology-of-Great-Britain-and-Ireland Y1 - 2007/07// Y2 - // VL - 50 SP - 952 EP - 961 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mouse embryonic stem cell engrafment in healthy and injured mouse lung A1 - Lane, S A1 - Rippon, H A1 - Takata, M A1 - Mahadeva, R A1 - Bishop, AE U1 - Conference of the Tissue-Engineering-and-Regenerative-Medicine-International-Society (TERMIS-EU) Y1 - 2007/07// Y2 - // VL - 13 SP - 1731 EP - 1731 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - HOX genes are a major target for epigenetic mis-regulation in adult and childhood leukaemia A1 - Strathdee, G A1 - Holyoake, TL A1 - Sim, A A1 - Parker, A A1 - Oscier, DG A1 - Melo, JV A1 - Meyer, S A1 - Eden, T A1 - Dickinson, AM A1 - Soutar, R A1 - Brown, R Y1 - 2007/04// Y2 - // VL - 137 SN - 0007-1048 SP - 81 EP - 81 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Using Computer Assistance to Determine Anterior and Posterior Column Sizes of the Acetabulum A1 - Nakhla, A I A1 - Richards, R A1 - Rodriguez, F A1 - Turner, A A1 - Barrett, A A1 - Lewis, A A1 - Hart, A A1 - Cobb, J P U1 - CAOS UK AD - London Y1 - 2007/// Y2 - 2007/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Minimal residue disease (MRD) - art. no. P18 A1 - Zaidi, A A1 - Tripuraneni, G A1 - Weller, S A1 - Ward, B A1 - Sinnett, HD A1 - Coombes, RC A1 - Slade, MJ U1 - 7th Madrid Breat Cancer Conference Y1 - 2007/01// Y2 - // VL - 9 SP - P18 EP - P18 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Modification of the Ilioinguinal Approach to the Acetabulum A1 - Nakhla, A I A1 - Lewis, A A1 - Cobb, J P U1 - British Hip Sosciety AD - Leeds Y1 - 2007/// Y2 - 2007/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Breathing Thorax Simulation based on Pleura Behaviour and Rib Kinematics A1 - Didier, AL A1 - Villard, PF A1 - Bayle, JY A1 - Beuve, M A1 - Shariat, B A2 - IEEE Computer Society Los Alamitos U1 - IEEE Information Visualisation AD - Zurich Y1 - 2007/// SP - 35 EP - 40 N2 - - UR - http://liris.cnrs.fr/publis/pdf/Shariat-2007_liris2801.pdf?id=2801 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Integrated metabonomic analysis of biofluids from HD patients A1 - Tsang, TM A1 - Stella, C A1 - Want, E A1 - McLoughlin, G A1 - Holmes, E U1 - European Huntington Disease Network AD - Paris, France Y1 - 2007/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Navigation for Reduction and Fixation of Acetabular Fractures A1 - Nakhla, A I A1 - Turner, A A1 - Rodriguez, F A1 - Harris, S A1 - Lewis, A A1 - Cobb, J P U1 - CAOS UK AD - London Y1 - 2007/// Y2 - 2007/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Review of physiological motor outcome measures in spinal cord injury using transcranial magnetic stimulation and spinal reflexes A1 - Ellaway, PH A1 - Catley, M A1 - Davey, NJ A1 - Kuppuswamy, A A1 - Strutton, P A1 - Frankel, HL A1 - Jamous, A A1 - Savic, G U1 - 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Neurology Y1 - 2007/// Y2 - // VL - 44 SP - 69 EP - 75 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Using Computer Assistance to Determine if Linea Aspera Can be Used as Frame of Reference for Hip and Knee Arthroplast A1 - Nakhla, A I A1 - Richards, R U1 - CAOS UK AD - London Y1 - 2007/// Y2 - 2007/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Segmentation of cardiac MR and CT image sequences using model based registration of a 4D statistical model - art. no. 65121D A1 - Perperidis, D A1 - Mohiaddin, R A1 - Edwards, P A1 - Rueckert, D U1 - Medical Imaging 2007 Conference Y1 - 2007/// Y2 - // VL - 6512 SP - D5121 EP - D5121 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - No correlation between vitamin K status and carboxylation of osteocalcin in healthy young British males. A1 - Niemeier, AC A1 - Eleftheriou, K A1 - Toedter, K A1 - Heeren, J A1 - Beisiegel, U A1 - Humphries, S U1 - 28th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research Y1 - 2006/09// Y2 - // VL - 21 SP - S271 EP - S271 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Analysis of methylation of CpG islands in ovarian cancer A1 - Hardie, C A1 - Teodoridis, JM A1 - Hall, J A1 - Curto, J A1 - Siddiqui, N A1 - Brown, R Y1 - 2006/07// Y2 - // VL - 113 SN - 1470-0328 SP - 865 EP - 865 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Tumor-specific correlation of tumor-type M2 pyruvate kinase (Tu M2-PK) in patients with cervical carcinoma. A1 - Kuemmel, S A1 - Jeschke, S A1 - Landt, S A1 - Korlach, S A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Sehouli, J A1 - Blohmer, J A1 - Ulm, K A1 - Lichtenegger, W A1 - Thomas, A U1 - 42nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology Y1 - 2006/06/20/ Y2 - // VL - 24 SP - 266S EP - 266S N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Prognostic impact of MAD1L1 promoter hypermethylation in advanced ovarian cancer. A1 - Jansen, RA A1 - Liu, JC A1 - Liyanarachchi, S A1 - Crijns, AP A1 - Van, PS A1 - Huang, TH A1 - Cohn, DE A1 - Fowler, JM A1 - Van der Zee, AG A1 - Brown, R U1 - 42nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology Y1 - 2006/06/20/ Y2 - // VL - 24 SP - 261S EP - 261S N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Analysis of the VEGF family and their receptors in serum/plasma of patients with pre-invasive and invasive cervical cancer. A1 - Landt, S A1 - Thomas, A A1 - Fueger, A A1 - Jeschke, S A1 - Korlach, S A1 - Adam, H A1 - Ulm, K A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Blohmer, J A1 - Lichtenegger, W A1 - Kuemmel, S U1 - 42nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology Y1 - 2006/06/20/ Y2 - // VL - 24 SP - 259S EP - 259S N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Non-Rigid 2D-3D Registration with Catheter Tip EM Tracking for Patient Specific Bronchoscope Simulation A1 - Deligianni F A1 - Chung AJ A1 - Yang G U1 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Aided Intervention - MICCAI 2006 Y1 - 2006/// N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/rigid-bronchoscope-patient ER - TY - CONF T1 - Simultaneous Stereoscope Localization and Soft-Tissue Mapping for Minimal Invasive Surgery A1 - Mountney P A1 - Stoyanov DV A1 - Davison A A1 - Yang G U1 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Aided Intervention - MICCAI 2006 Y1 - 2006/// N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/stereoscope-tissue-surgery ER - TY - CONF T1 - Optimal Sensor Placement for Predictive Cardiac Motion Modeling A1 - Chung AJ A1 - Wu Q A1 - Yang G U1 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Aided Intervention - MICCAI 2006 Y1 - 2006/// N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/sensor-cardiac-motion ER - TY - CONF T1 - List-mode Affine Rebinning for Respiratory Motion Correction in PET Cardiac Imaging A1 - Chung AJ A1 - Camici P A1 - Yang G U1 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Aided Intervention - MICCAI 2006 Y1 - 2006/// N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/rebinning-respiratory-imaging ER - TY - CONF T1 - A Spatio-Temporal Architecture for Context-Aware Sensing A1 - Thiemjarus S A1 - Lo BP A1 - Yang G U1 - International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks 2006 Y1 - 2006/04// SP - 191 EP - 194 N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/spatio-temporal-sensing ER - TY - CONF T1 - Source Recovery for Body Sensor Network A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Fani Deligianni A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - The International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks 2006 (BSN 2006) AD - MIT USA Y1 - 2006/04// Y2 - 2006/04// PB - IEEE SP - 199 EP - 202 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Pervasive Body Sensor Network: An Approach to Monitoring the Post-operative Surgical Patient A1 - Omer Aziz A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Rachel King A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang A1 - Ara Darzi U1 - The International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks 2006 (BSN 2006) AD - MIT USA Y1 - 2006/04// Y2 - 2006/04// PB - IEEE SP - 13 EP - 18 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A Spatio-Temporal Architecture for Context-Aware Sensing A1 - Surapa Thiemjarus A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - The International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks 2006 (BSN 2006) AD - MIT USA Y1 - 2006/04// Y2 - 2006/04// PB - IEEE SP - 191 EP - 194 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Source Recovery for Body Sensor Network A1 - Deligianni F A1 - Lo BP A1 - Yang G U1 - International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks 2006 Y1 - 2006/04// SP - 199 EP - 202 N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/body-sensor ER - TY - CONF T1 - Towards Image-Based Modeling for Ambient Sensing A1 - Julien Pansiot A1 - Danail Stoyanov A1 - Benny P.L. Lo A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - The International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks 2006 (BSN 2006) AD - MIT USA Y1 - 2006/04// Y2 - 2006/04// PB - IEEE SP - 195 EP - 198 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Results of a regulated clinical trial of the Acrobot Sculptor Hands-On Robotic System for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Cobb,J.P. A1 - Gomes,P. A1 - Henckel,J. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery UK, 1st Annual Meeting of CAOSUK, 10 - 11 February 2006, London Heathrow, UK Y1 - 2006/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: A comparison of pancreaticoduodenectomy with pyloric preserving pancreatico-duodenectomy: A meta-analysis of 2,600 patients A1 - Lovegrove, R A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Iqbal, N A1 - Abraham, A T A1 - Bhattacharya, S A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Kocher, H M U1 - The International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - HPB SP - 224 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: The impact of Stage IV Colorectal Cancer on Surgical Outcomes A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Thompson, M R A1 - Stamatakis, J D A1 - Heriot, A G U1 - The European Society of Coloproctology AD - Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/14/ VL - 8(S4) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 25 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: A Predictive Model For The Length of Postoperative Stay Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Thompson, M R A1 - Stamatakis, J D A1 - Heriot, A G U1 - The American Society of Colon and Rectum Surgeons AD - Seattle, USA Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/06/03/ VL - 49(5) CY - Dis Colon Rectum SP - 784 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: A comparison of pancreaticoduodenectomy with extended pancreatico-duodenectomy: A meta-analysis of 1,421 patients A1 - Iqbal, N A1 - Lovegrove, R A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Abraham, A T A1 - Bhattacharya, S A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Kocher, H M U1 - The International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - HPB SN - 1651-5323 SP - 5 EP - 5 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Visualisation of Physical Lung Simulation: an Interactive Application to Assist Physicians A1 - Villard, PF A1 - Fournier, G A1 - Beuve, M A1 - Shariat, B A2 - IEEE Computer Society Los Alamitos U1 - IEEE Information Visualisation AD - London Y1 - 2006/// SP - 65 EP - 70 N2 - - UR - http://liris.cnrs.fr/publis/pdf/Shariat-2006_liris2416.pdf?id=2416 ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: To Divert or Not to Divert: A Propensity Model for Omission of Ileostomy in Ileal Pouch Surgery A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Remzi, F H A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Hull, T L A1 - Strong, S A A1 - Church, J A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Fazio, V W U1 - The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Gateshead, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/07/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 6 EP - 7 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Comparison of colonic stenting versus open surgery for malignant large bowel obstruction A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Sains, P S A1 - Weston-Petrides, G K A1 - Darzi, A W A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Heriot, A G U1 - The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/07/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 95 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: A Predictive Model For The Length of Postoperative Stay Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Thompson, M R A1 - Stamatakis, J D A1 - Heriot, A G U1 - The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Gateshead, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/07/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 20 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: Comparison of outcomes following restorative proctocolectomy with or without defunctioning ileostomy A1 - Weston-Petride, G K A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Mortensen, N J A1 - Fazio, V W A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/05/03/ VL - 93(S1) CY - Br J Surg SP - 33 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Impact of Colorectal Cancer on Ileoanal Pouch Surgery A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Remzi, F H A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Strong, S A A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Church, J M A1 - Hull, T L A1 - Lavery, I C A1 - Fazio, V W U1 - The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/07/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 43 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Combined proteasome and histone deacetylase inhibition in breast cancer cell lines. A1 - Rosche, M A1 - Zavrski, I A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Kaiser, M A1 - Elsmer, E A1 - Possinger, K A1 - Sezer, O U1 - 29th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium Y1 - 2006/01// Y2 - // VL - 100 SP - S71 EP - S71 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Comparison of outcomes following ileostomy versus colostomy for defunctioning colorectal anastomoses A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Sains, P S A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Reese, G E A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The European Society of Coloproctology AD - Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/14/ VL - 8(S4) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 25 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: To Divert or Not to Divert: A Propensity Model for Omission of Ileostomy in Ileal Pouch Surgery A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Remzi, F H A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Hull, T L A1 - Strong, S A A1 - Church, J A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Fazio, V W U1 - The American Society of Colon and Rectum Surgeons AD - Seattle, USA Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/06/03/ VL - 49(5) CY - Dis Colon Rectum SP - 738 EP - 739 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - An Approach to Convert 4D Geometry into a 4D CT Scan A1 - Villard, PF A1 - Beuve, M A1 - Shariat, B U1 - WSCG (Winter School of Computer Graphics) AD - Plzen (Czech Republic) Y1 - 2006/// SP - 163 EP - 170 N2 - - UR - http://liris.cnrs.fr/publis/pdf/Shariat-2006_liris2299.pdf?id=2299 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Minimally invasive computer assisted hip resurfaxcing surgery using the Acrobot navigation system A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Cobb,J.P. A1 - Gomes,P. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery UK, 1st Annual Meeting of CAOSUK, 10 - 11 February 2006, London Heathrow, UK Y1 - 2006/// SP - 32 EP - 32 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Impact of colorectal cancer on ileoanal pouch aurgery A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Remzi, F H A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Strong, S A A1 - Church, J M A1 - Hull, T L A1 - Lavery, I C A1 - Fazio, V W U1 - The European Society of Coloproctology AD - Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/14/ VL - 8(S4) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 35 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: A Comparison Of Short-Term And Long-Term Outcomes Of J, W And S Ileal Pouch Reservoirs For Restorative Proctocolectomy A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Constantinides, V A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Darzi, A W A1 - Fazio, V W A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/07/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 46 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Integrated metabonomic analysis of neurological disorders A1 - Tsang, TM U1 - Brain Energy Metabolism AD - Lausanne, Switzerland Y1 - 2006/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The use of computer tomography (CT) to measure the accuracy of computer assisted knee arthroplasty A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Cobb,J.P. A1 - Gomes,P. A1 - Henckel,J. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery UK, 1st Annual Meeting of CAOSUK, 10 - 11 February 2006, London Heathrow, UK Y1 - 2006/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: Comparison of short-term outcomes of laparoscopic versus open approaches to ileal pouch surgery A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Constantinides, V A1 - Darzi, A W A1 - Fazio, V W A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/05/03/ VL - 93(S1) CY - Br J Surg SP - 28 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Comparison of colonic stenting versus open surgery for malignant large bowel obstruction A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Sains, P S A1 - Weston-Petrides, G K A1 - Darzi, A W A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Heriot, A G U1 - The European Society of Coloproctology AD - Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/14/ VL - 8(S4) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 24 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Beyond the adenomatous polyposis coil era: Alternative pathways to colorectal cancer A1 - Jass, JR U1 - Falk Symposium 149 on Highlights in Gastrointestinal Oncology Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - // VL - 149 SP - 57 EP - 71 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Comparison of short-term outcomes of laparoscopic versus open approaches to ileal pouch surgery A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Constantinides, V A1 - Darzi, A W A1 - Fazio, V W A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/07/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 41 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: A comparison of handsewn versus stapled ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) following proctocolectomy – a meta-analysis of 4183 patients A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Constantinides, V A A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Athanasiou, T A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Remzi, F H A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Fazio, V W A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The European Society of Coloproctology AD - Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/14/ VL - 8(S4) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 4 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Computer based planning for hip resurfacing surgery A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Cobb,J.P. A1 - Gomes,P. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery UK, 1st Annual Meeting of CAOSUK, 10 - 11 February 2006, London Heathrow, UK Y1 - 2006/// SP - 48 EP - 48 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: A meta-analysis of clinical outcome following first and second Liver resection for colorectal metastases A1 - Welsh, F A1 - Antoniou, A A1 - Lovegrove, R A1 - Tekkis, P A1 - Tilney, H A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Heriot, A A1 - John, T G A1 - Rees, M U1 - The International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - HPB SP - 154 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: A comparison of handsewn versus stapled ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) following proctocolectomy – a meta-analysis of 4183 patients A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Constantinides, V A A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Athanasiou, T A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Remzi, F H A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Fazio, V W A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Gateshead, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/07/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 5 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Comparison of short-term outcomes of laparoscopic versus open approaches to ileal pouch surgery A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Constantinides, V A1 - Darzi, A W A1 - Fazio, V W A1 - Nicholls, R J A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons AD - Dallas, USA Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/04/26/ VL - 20(S1) CY - Surg Endosc SP - S329 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: The impact of Stage IV Colorectal Cancer on Surgical Outcomes A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Thompson, M R A1 - Stamatakis, J D A1 - Heriot, A G U1 - The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Gateshead, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/07/03/ VL - 8(S2) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 14 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Lung 4D CT scan Generation A1 - Villard, PF A1 - Beuve, M A1 - Shariat, B U1 - 2nd Workshop on Computer Assisted Diagnosis and Surgery AD - Santiago (Chile) Y1 - 2006/// SP - 47 EP - 50 N2 - - UR - http://liris.cnrs.fr/publis/pdf/Shariat-2006_liris2300.pdf?id=2300 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Body Sensor Networks: Infrastruture for Life Science Research A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Application Workshop (LSSA 2006) AD - Washington USA Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/// PB - IEEE SP - 1 EP - 2 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: A Predictive Model For The Length of Postoperative Stay Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Thompson, M R A1 - Stamatakis, J D A1 - Heriot, A G U1 - The European Society of Coloproctology AD - Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/14/ VL - 8(S4) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 34 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Very low dose computer tomography (CT) for planning and measuring outcome in computer assisted knee arthroplasty A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Cobb,J.P. A1 - Gomes,P. A1 - Henckel,J. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery UK, 1st Annual Meeting of CAOSUK, 10 - 11 February 2006, London Heathrow, UK Y1 - 2006/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: Comparison of colonic stenting versus open surgery for malignant large bowel obstruction A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Sains, P S A1 - Weston-Petrides, G K A1 - Darzi, A W A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Heriot, A G U1 - The Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons AD - Dallas, USA Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/04/26/ VL - 20(S1) CY - Surg Endosc SP - S270 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ORAL: A comparison of outcomes following restorative proctocolectomy in patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Coli and Ulcerative Colitis A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Tilney, H S A1 - Heriot, A G A1 - von Roon, A C A1 - Thomas, H J A1 - Church, J A1 - Fazio, V W A1 - Tekkis, P P U1 - The Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Edinburgh, UK Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/05/03/ VL - 93(S1) CY - Br J Surg SP - 29 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Restorative Proctocolectomy Without Ileostomy: The Sheffield Experience A1 - Shorthouse, A J A1 - Lovegrove, R E A1 - Symeonides, P A1 - Tekkis, P P A1 - Goodfellow, P J U1 - The European Society of Coloproctology AD - Lisbon, Portugal Y1 - 2006/// Y2 - 2006/09/14/ VL - 8(S4) CY - Colorectal Disease SP - 34 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Pharmacodynamic effects in patients treated with 6 hour infusion of the demethylating agent 5-aza-2 ' deoxycytidine (decitabine). A1 - Brown, R A1 - Appleton, K A1 - Plumb, JA A1 - McCormick, C A1 - Lee, C A1 - Barrett, S A1 - Tang, A A1 - Schaetzlein, A A1 - Kaye, SB A1 - Judson, I A1 - McKay, HJ Y1 - 2005/12/15/ Y2 - // VL - 11 SN - 1078-0432 SP - 9071S EP - 9072S N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Custom Hardware Architectures for Posture Analysis A1 - M. P. T. Juvonen A1 - J. G. F. Coutinho A1 - J. L. Wang A1 - B. L. Lo A1 - W. Luk A1 - O. Mencer A1 - G. Z. Yang U1 - The IEEE 2005 Conference on Field Programmable Technology Y1 - 2005/12// Y2 - 2005/12/11/ PB - IEEE SP - 77 EP - 84 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Architecture for Body Sensor Networks A1 - Lo BP A1 - Yang G U1 - Perspective in Pervasive Computing Y1 - 2005/10// SP - 23 EP - 28 N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/architecture-body-sensor ER - TY - CONF T1 - Pervasive Healthcare: Clinical Drive, Technological Innovations, and Socio-Economic Benefits A1 - Aziz O A1 - Lo BP A1 - Yang G A1 - Darzi A Y1 - 2005/10// SP - 127 EP - 132 N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/healthcare-clinical-innovation ER - TY - CONF T1 - Context Aware Sensing - What's the Significance? A1 - Thiemjarus S A1 - Lo BP A1 - Yang G U1 - Perspective in Pervasive Computing Y1 - 2005/10// SP - 163 EP - 170 N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/sensing-aware ER - TY - CONF T1 - Characterisation of donor human livers for transplantation using high resolution - Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy A1 - Vilca-Melendez, H A1 - Duarte, IF A1 - Girlanda, R A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Gil, AM A1 - Heaton, ND A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Murphy, GM U1 - 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases Y1 - 2005/10// Y2 - // VL - 42 SP - 338A EP - 338A N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Invisible shadow for navigation and planning in minimal invasive surgery A1 - Nicolaou M A1 - James AS A1 - Lo BP A1 - Darzi A A1 - Yang G U1 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI05) Y1 - 2005/// SP - 25 EP - 32 N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/shadow-navigation-invasive ER - TY - CONF T1 - Laparoscope self-calibration for robotic assisted minimally invasive surgery A1 - Stoyanov DV A1 - Darzi A A1 - Yang G U1 - Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI05) Y1 - 2005/// SP - 114 EP - 121 N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/laproscope-robotic-invasive ER - TY - CONF T1 - VIS-a-VE: Visual Augmentation for Virtual Environments in Surgical Training A1 - Chung AJ A1 - Deligianni F A1 - Shah P A1 - Wells A A1 - Yang G U1 - the 7th joint Visualization Symposium of the Eurograpics Association and the Visualization and Computer Graphics Technical Committee (VGTC) of the IEEE Computer Society Y1 - 2005/06// SP - 101 EP - 108 N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/visual-surgical-training ER - TY - CONF T1 - Hand Gesture Recognition With Body Sensor Networks A1 - Rachel King A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang Zhong Yang A2 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 2nd International Workshop on Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2005) AD - London UK Y1 - 2005/05// Y2 - 2005/05// PB - IEE SP - 92 EP - 95 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A Noise Resilient Distributed Inference FrameWork for Body Sensor Networks A1 - Surapa Thiemjarus A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing (PERVASIVE 2005) AD - Munich Germany Y1 - 2005/05// Y2 - 2005/05// SP - 13 EP - 18 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Body Sensor Network – A Wireless Sensor Platform for Pervasive Healthcare Monitoring A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Surapa Thiemjarus A1 - Rachel King A1 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing (PERVASIVE 2005) AD - Munich Germany Y1 - 2005/05// Y2 - 2005/05// SP - 77 EP - 80 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - From Imaging Networks to Behavior Profiling: Ubiquitous Sensing for Managed Homecare of the Elderly A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Jeffrey L. Wang A1 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing (PERVASIVE 2005) AD - Munich Germany Y1 - 2005/05// Y2 - 2005/05// SP - 101 EP - 104 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Self- Configuring Video-Sensor Networks A1 - Doros Agathangelou A1 - Benny P.L. Lo A1 - Jeffrey L. Wang A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - The 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing (PERVASIVE 2005) AD - Munich Germany Y1 - 2005/05// Y2 - 2005/05// SP - 29 EP - 32 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A Distributed Bayesian Framework for Body Sensor Networks A1 - Surapa Thiemjarus A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang Zhong Yang A2 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 2nd International Workshop on Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2005) AD - London UK Y1 - 2005/04// Y2 - 2005/04// PB - IEE CY - London SP - 24 EP - 26 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Key Technical Challenges and Current Implementations of Body Sensor Networks A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang Zhong Yang A2 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 2nd International Workshop on Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2005) AD - London UK Y1 - 2005/04// Y2 - 2005/04// PB - IEE CY - London SP - 1 EP - 5 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - UbiSense – Ubiquitous IR Sensing and Behaviour Profiling for the Care of the Elderly and Chronically-ill Patient A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 2nd International Workshop on Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2005) AD - London UK Y1 - 2005/04// Y2 - 2005/04// PB - IEE SP - 118 EP - 118 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A Simulator for Distributed Ambient Intelligence Sensing A1 - Julien Pansiot A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 2nd International Workshop on Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2005) AD - London UK Y1 - 2005/04// Y2 - 2005/04// PB - IEE SP - 119 EP - 119 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Ubiquitous Sensing For Posture/Behavior Analysis A1 - Jeffrey Wang A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The 2nd International Workshop on Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2005) AD - London UK Y1 - 2005/04// Y2 - 2005/04// PB - IEE SP - 112 EP - 115 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Expression of TRPV1 and TRPV1B in dorsal root ganglia innervating the inflamed rat urinary bladder A1 - Charrua A A1 - Reguenga C A1 - Nagy I A1 - Cruz F A1 - Avelino A U1 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - Washington DC Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // VL - 31 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 170.8 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Predictive camera tracking for bronchoscope simulation with CONDensation A1 - Deligianni,F. A1 - Chung,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. U1 - 8th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (Miccai 2005), 26 - 29 October 2005, Palm Springs, CA Y1 - 2005/// VL - 3749 PB - Springer-Verlag CY - Berlin SP - 910 EP - 916 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - VERBAL: Advantages of laparoscopy: Rectal Carcinoma A1 - Aziz O A1 - Darzi A U1 - 16th Annual International Colorectal Disease Symposium AD - Fort Lauderdale, Florida Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - VERBAL: Magnetic Resonance Colonography – a New Imaging Modality for Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer: a Meta-analysis A1 - Purkayastha S A1 - Tekkis PP A1 - Athanasiou T A1 - Aziz O A1 - Negus R A1 - Gedroyc W A1 - Darzi A U1 - Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland AD - Glasgow Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - VERBAL: Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) A1 - Aziz O A1 - Darzi A U1 - 16th Annual International Colorectal Disease Symposium AD - Fort Lauderdale, Florida Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Leuprorelinacetate 3 month-depot versus CMF as adjuvant treatment in receptor- and node-positive premenopausal patients with breast cancer: long term results of the TABLE-study A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Possinger, K A1 - Kassjanenko, I A1 - Vassiljev, L A1 - Meurer, J A1 - Tschaika, M A1 - Maubach, L A1 - Wallwiener, D A1 - Kahlert, S A1 - Untch, M U1 - 28th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium Y1 - 2005/01// Y2 - // VL - 94 SP - S99 EP - S99 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Control of activity: Interaction between excitatory and inhibitory receptors in nociceptors A1 - Nagy I U1 - 11th World Congress on Pain AD - Sydney, Australia Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // PB - IASP Press SP - 526 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Robot assistance improves outcomes in small incision unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (Article no.75) A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Richards,R.W. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. U1 - American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 23 - 27 February 2005, Washington DC, USA Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Who profits most from a guideline based Treatment for advanced breast cancer? A1 - Dieing, A A1 - Possinger, K A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Regierer, AC A1 - Schulz, CO A1 - Wolters, R A1 - Wischnewsky, MB U1 - 28th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium Y1 - 2005/01// Y2 - // VL - 94 SP - S281 EP - S282 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - VERBAL: Wireless body sensor networks. The ultimate diagnostic tool? A1 - Aziz O A1 - Darzi A U1 - 2nd International Workshop on Body Sensor Networks AD - London Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Radiofrequency assisted hepatectomy A1 - Ayav, A A1 - Pellici, A A1 - Tierris, J A1 - Milicevic, M A1 - Nicholls, JP A1 - Harris, D A1 - Costa, I A1 - Jiao, LR A1 - Habib, NA U1 - 40th Congress of the European-Society-for-Surgical-Research Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // SP - 25 EP - 26 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Accuracy in arthroplasty - a three-dimensional CT based measurement study A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 5th International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 19 - 22 June 2005, Helsinki, Finland Y1 - 2005/// PB - Pro BUSINESS GmbH SP - 165 EP - 167 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Photo-realistic tissue reflectance modelling for minimally invasive surgical simulation A1 - ElHelw,M.A. A1 - Atkins,S. A1 - Nicolaou,M. A1 - Chung,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. U1 - 8th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (Miccai 2005), 26 - 29 October 2005, Palm Springs, CA Y1 - 2005/// VL - 3749 PB - Springer-Verlag CY - Berlin SP - 868 EP - 875 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Epigenetic regulation of transcription in ovarian cancer. A1 - Nephew, KP A1 - Huang, TTH A1 - Wei, SH A1 - Balch, C A1 - Brown, R U1 - 38th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // SP - 79 EP - 80 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Using interleukin-6 and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function as potential diagnostic markers in the assessment of depression in patients with advanced breast cancer A1 - Jehn, CF A1 - Kuehnhardt, D A1 - Bartholomae, A A1 - Pfeiffer, S A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Possinger, K A1 - Flath, BC U1 - 28th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium Y1 - 2005/01// Y2 - // VL - 94 SP - S276 EP - S277 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Validation of PET imaging by alignment to histology slices A1 - Edwards PJ A1 - Nijmeh AD A1 - McGurk M A1 - Odell E A1 - Fenlon MR A1 - Marsden PK A1 - Hawkes DJ A2 - James S. Duncan, Guido Gerig U1 - MICCAI AD - Palm Springs J1 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - 2005/10/26/ VL - 3750 PB - Springer Verlag CY - Berlin Heidelberg SN - 0302-9743 SP - 968 EP - 975 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Robust registration in robotic assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty - the region-based point acquisition protocol A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Davies,B. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 5th International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 19 - 22 June 2005, Helsinki, Finland Y1 - 2005/// PB - Pro BUSINESS GmbH SP - 386 EP - 389 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The Tubes system for minimally invasive computer assisted hip resurfacing surgery, computer assisted orthopaedic surgery A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 5th International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 19 - 22 June 2005, Helsinki, Finland Y1 - 2005/// PB - Pro BUSINESS GmbH SP - 22 EP - 25 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Preterm labour: Why are we not doing better A1 - Bennett, P U1 - 12th World Congress on Human Reproduction Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // SP - 464 EP - 464 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Resolution of Non-Linear Problems In Realistic-Lung-Inflating Simulation with Finite Element Method A1 - Villard, PF A1 - Beuve, M A1 - Shariat, B A1 - Baudet, V A1 - Jaillet, F U1 - 10th workshop on Heavy Charged Particles in Biology and Medicine AD - Oropa (Italy) Y1 - 2005/// SP - 184 EP - 187 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Radiobiological modelling and clinical trials A1 - RG Dale U1 - ESTRO AD - Lisbon, Portugal J1 - Radiotherapy and Oncology Y1 - 2005/// VL - 76 (Supplement #2) SP - S118 EP - S118 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Should cervical cancer be an AIDS defining cancer? A1 - Bower, M A1 - Mazhar, D A1 - Stebbing, J U1 - 10th European AIDS Conference/European-AIDS-Clinical-Society Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // SP - 1 EP - 5 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Very low dose computer tomography (CT) based planning and outcome measurement in knee arthroplasty A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 5th International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 19 - 22 June 2005, Helsinki, Finland Y1 - 2005/// PB - Pro BUSINESS GmbH SP - 162 EP - 164 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Perineural invasion Increases the risk of lymph node metastasis and recurrence in patients with rectal cancer A1 - Rasheed S A1 - Tekkis PP A1 - Aziz O A1 - Boella ML A1 - Guenther T A1 - Talbot IC A1 - McDonald PJ A1 - Glynne-Jones R A1 - Watson DE A1 - Northover JMA U1 - Tripartite Colorectal Meeting AD - Dublin Y1 - 2005/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Multi-Chromosomal Genetic Programming A1 - Cavill, R A1 - Smith, S L A1 - Tyrrell, A M A2 - Hans-Georg Beyer, Una-May O'Reilly U1 - Genetic and Evolutionary Computation AD - Washington DC J1 - Yes Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - 2005/06/25/ VL - 2 PB - ACM SP - 1753 EP - 1759 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Insulin-induced activation of nociceptive primary sensory neurons A1 - Santha P A1 - Nagy I U1 - 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - Washington DC Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // VL - 31 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 511.25 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Insulin-induced membrane currents in capsaicin-sensitive primary sensory neurones A1 - Santha P A1 - Nagy I U1 - Scientific Meeting of The Physiological Society held at King's College London AD - King's College, London, UK Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // PB - Blackwell N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Molecular biology related to pre-eclampsia A1 - Williamson, C U1 - 15th Congress of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Y1 - 2005/// Y2 - // VL - 1279 SP - 282 EP - 289 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Simulation of Lung Behaviour with Finite Elements : Influence of Bio-Mechanical Parameters A1 - Villard, PF A1 - Beuve, M A1 - Shariat, B A1 - Baudet, V A1 - Jaillet, F A2 - IEEE Computer Society Los Alamitos U1 - IEEE Information Visualisation AD - London Y1 - 2005/// SP - 9 EP - 14 N2 - - UR - http://liris.cnrs.fr/publis/pdf/Jaillet-2005_liris1800.pdf?id=1800 ER - TY - CONF T1 - The role of DNA methylation of HoxA5, a regulator of haematopoiesis, in progression to myeloid blast crisis in CML. A1 - Strathdee, GR A1 - Holyoake, TL A1 - Sim, A A1 - Brown, R U1 - 46th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology Y1 - 2004/11/16/ Y2 - // VL - 104 SP - 565A EP - 566A N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - From Sensor Networks to Behaviour Profiling: A Homecare Perspective of Intelligent Building A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang A1 - Benny Lo A1 - Jeffrey Wang A1 - Michael Rans A1 - Surapa Thiemjarus A1 - Jason Ng A1 - Paul Garner A1 - Steve Brown A1 - Basim Majeed A1 - Ian Neid U1 - The IEE Seminar for Intelligent Buildings Y1 - 2004/11// Y2 - 2004/11// PB - IEE N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A randomised trial of overlap vs end-to-end primary repair of the anal sphincter A1 - Fernando, R A1 - Sultan, A A1 - Kettle, C A1 - Radley, S A1 - Jones, P A1 - O'Brien, S U1 - Joint Meeting of the International-Continence-Society/International-UroGynecological-Association Y1 - 2004/11// Y2 - // VL - 23 SP - 411 EP - 412 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - From Sensor Networks to Behaviour Profiling: A Homecare Perspective of Intelligent Building A1 - Yang G A1 - Lo BP A1 - Wang L A1 - Rans M A1 - Thiemjarus S A1 - Ng J A1 - Garner P A1 - Brown S A1 - Majeed B A1 - Neid I U1 - IEE Seminar for Intelligent Buildings Y1 - 2004/11// N2 - - UR - http://pubs.doc.ic.ac.uk/sensor-network-intelligent ER - TY - CONF T1 - Ubiquitous Monitoring Environment for Wearable and Implantable Sensors (UbiMon) A1 - Jason W.P. Ng A1 - Benny P.L. Lo A1 - Oliver Wells A1 - Morris Sloman A1 - Chris Toumazou A1 - Nick Peters A1 - Ara Darzi A1 - Guang Zhong Yang U1 - The UbiComp 2004 AD - Nottingham, UK Y1 - 2004/09// Y2 - 2004/09// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Medical Healthcare Monitoring with Wearable and Implantable Sensors A1 - Kristof Van Laerhoven A1 - Benny P.L. Lo A1 - Jason W.P. Ng A1 - Surapa Thiemjarus A1 - Rachel King A1 - Simon Kwan A1 - Hans-Werner Gellersen A1 - Morris Sloman A1 - Oliver Wells A1 - Phil Needham A1 - Nick Peters A1 - Ara Darzi A1 - Chris Toumazou A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - International Workshop on Ubiquitous Computing for Pervasive Healthcare Applications (UbiHealth) AD - Nottingham, UK Y1 - 2004/09// Y2 - 2004/09// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Analysis of aberrant CpG-island methylation in stage III and IV ovarian cancer A1 - Teodoridis, JM A1 - Braidwood, L A1 - Hall, J A1 - Vasey, PA A1 - Strathdee, G A1 - Brown, R U1 - British Cancer Research Meeting 2004 Y1 - 2004/07// Y2 - // VL - 91 SP - S53 EP - S53 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Feature Selection for Wireless Sensor Networks A1 - S.Thiemjarus A1 - B.P.L. Lo A1 - K.V. Laerhoven A1 - G.Z. Yang A2 - G.Z. Yang U1 - The 1st International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2004) AD - London UK Y1 - 2004/04// Y2 - 2004/04// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Endocrine regulation of epididymal gene expression A1 - Poutanen, M A1 - Sipila, P A1 - Shariatmadari, R A1 - Pujianto, DA A1 - Jalkanen, J A1 - Huhtaniemi, I U1 - 12th International Congress of Endocrinology Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - // SP - 323 EP - 326 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: The Delta Reversed Geometry Prosthesis in the Treatment of Chronic Cuff Tear Arthropathy. A1 - Aziz O A1 - Corner A A1 - Sinnerton R U1 - 9th international Congress on Surgery of the Shoulder, American Society of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery AD - Washington Y1 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Robot assisted minimally invasive unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: results of first clinical trials A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Richards,R.W. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Gomes,P. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 4th Annual Meeting of CAOS International, 17 - 19 June 2004, Chicago, USA Y1 - 2004/// PB - CAOS SP - 4 EP - 6 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Photorealistic rendering of large tissue deformation for surgical simulation A1 - ElHelw,M.A. A1 - Lo,B.P. A1 - Chung,A.J. A1 - Darzi,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. A2 - Barillot,C.; Haynor,D.R.; Hellier,P. U1 - 7th international conference on medical image computing and computer - assisted intervention (MICCAI 2004), St Malo, France Y1 - 2004/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - Berlin SP - 355 EP - 362 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Preventing Wernicke's Encephalopathy in the A&E department, a new guideline A1 - Touquet R U1 - 10th Anniversary Meeting, European Society for Emergency Medicine AD - Prague, Czech Republic Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A drunk patient in A&E A1 - Touquet R U1 - 3rd Annual Emergency Medicnie Society Symposium AD - Imperial College, London Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - VERBAL: A Case of Rectal Bleeding A1 - Aziz O A1 - Gilbert J U1 - Oxford Capter of the ACPGBI AD - Oxford Y1 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Computer assisted arthroplasty; Appropriate imaging for assessment of implant position A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 4th Annual Meeting of CAOS International, 17 - 19 June 2004, Chicago, USA Y1 - 2004/// PB - CAOS SP - 281 EP - 282 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - VERBAL: Clinical Review of the use of Tachocomb in surgery A1 - Aziz O A1 - Darzi A U1 - Nycomed Scientific Symposium AD - Vienna Y1 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Augmented reality provision in robotically assisted minimally invasive surgery A1 - Wang, DA A1 - Bello, F A1 - Darzi, A U1 - 18th International Congress and Exhibition on Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (CARS 2004) Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - // VL - 1268 SP - 527 EP - 532 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Decoupling of respiratory motion with wavelet and principal component analysis A1 - Deligianni,F. A1 - Chung,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. U1 - Medical image understanding and analysis (MIUA04), September 2004 Y1 - 2004/// PB - Imperial College CY - London SP - 13 EP - 16 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mutations of gonadotropins and their receptors: Genetic novelty or practical significance? A1 - Huhtaniemi, I U1 - Conference on Updates in Infertility Treatment Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - // SP - 293 EP - 305 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Variation of RBE with dose and dose-rate for a miniature electronic brachytherapy source A1 - JF Fowler A1 - RG Dale A1 - T Rusch U1 - AAPM 2004 AD - USA J1 - Medical Physics Y1 - 2004/// VL - 31 SP - 1927 EP - 1927 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Correlation of Speed of Sound and Bone Mineral Density at three sites along the Dorsal Cortex of the Equine Third Metacarpal Bone A1 - Singer ER A1 - Parkin TDH A1 - Hurtig MB A1 - Draper ERC A1 - Goodship AE U1 - 31st Annual Veterinary Orthopaedic Society Meeting AD - Big Sky, Montana Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The role of radiobiology in the management of cervix cancer A1 - RG Dale U1 - GEC-ESTRO AD - Barcelona, Spain J1 - Radiotherapy and Oncology Y1 - 2004/// VL - 71 (supplement #2) SP - S50 EP - S50 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Polymorphisms and male ageing A1 - Jiang, M A1 - Huhtaniemi, I U1 - 2nd Meeting on Endocrine Aspects of Successful Aging Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - // SP - 63 EP - 87 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Is Overall Skeletal Tissue Strength Redetermined by Type I Collagen Quality? A1 - Draper ERC A1 - Birch HE A1 - Goodship AE U1 - 50th Annual Meeting, Orthopaedic Research Society AD - San Francisco Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Enhancement of visual realism with BRDF for patient specific bronchoscopy simulation A1 - Chung,A.J. A1 - Deligianni,F. A1 - Shah,P. A1 - Wells,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. A2 - Barillot,C.; Haynor,D.R.; Hellier,P. U1 - 7th international conference on medical image computing and computer - assisted intervention (MICCAI 2004), St Malo, France Y1 - 2004/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - Berlin SP - 486 EP - 493 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is released from pituitary folliculo-stellate cells by endotoxin and dexamethasone and attenuates the steroid-induced inhibition of interleukin 6 release A1 - Tierney T A1 - Patel R A1 - Stead CA A1 - Leng L A1 - Bucala R A1 - Buckingham JC U1 - 195th Meeting of the Society for Endocrinology AD - London J1 - Endocrine Abstracts Volume 8 Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - 2004/11/01/ VL - 8 SP - OC12 N2 - - UR - http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0008/ea0008oc12.htm ER - TY - CONF T1 - In Vitro Evaluation of Regional Load Bearing in the Feline Acetabulum A1 - Beck AL A1 - Pead MJ A1 - Draper ERC U1 - Veterinary Orthopedic Society meeting AD - Montana Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Robotic surgery: are hands-on robots the future? A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Barrett,A.R.W. A1 - Gomes,P. U1 - Mechatronics and Robotics, 13 - 15 September 2004, Aachen, Germany Y1 - 2004/// SP - 1441 EP - 1445 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Freehand cocalibration of optical and electromagnetic trackers for navigated bronchoscopy A1 - Chung,A.J. A1 - Edwards,P.J. A1 - Deligianni,F. A1 - Yang,G.Z. A2 - Yang,G.Z.; Jiang,T. U1 - 2nd international workshop on medical imaging and augmented reality (MIAR 2004), Beijing, Peoples R China Y1 - 2004/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - Berlin SP - 320 EP - 328 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Kerr-gated picosecond Raman spectroscopy and Raman photon migration of equine bone tissue with 400-nm excitation A1 - Morris MD A1 - Goodship AE A1 - Draper ERC A1 - Matousek P A1 - Towrie M A1 - Parker AW U1 - SPIE Photonics West 2005 AD - San Jose, California Y1 - 2004/// Y2 - 2004/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The radiobiology of conventional radiotherapy and its application to radionuclide therapy A1 - RG Dale U1 - ESNM AD - Helsinki, Finland J1 - European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Y1 - 2004/// VL - 31 (Supplement #2) SP - S211 EP - S211 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Pharmacodynamics and epigenomics in clinical trials of epigenetic therapies. A1 - Brown, R U1 - AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics Y1 - 2003/12/01/ Y2 - // VL - 9 SP - 6275S EP - 6275S N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evaluation of epigenetic therapies in early clinical trials: Development of novel pharmacodynamic endpoints. A1 - Fernie, NL A1 - Plumb, JA A1 - Atadja, P A1 - Remiszewski, S A1 - Brown, R U1 - AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics Y1 - 2003/12/01/ Y2 - // VL - 9 SP - 6257S EP - 6257S N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Adaptive Bayesian Network for Video Processing A1 - Benny P.L. Lo A1 - Surapa Thiemjarus A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - The 2003 International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2003 AD - Barcelona, Spain Y1 - 2003/09// Y2 - 2003/09// PB - IEEE N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Episode Classification for the Analysis of Tissue/Instrument Interaction with Multiple Visual Cues A1 - Benny P.L. Lo A1 - Ara Darzi A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - MICCAI 2003 Y1 - 2003/09// Y2 - 2003/09// PB - Springer-Verlag N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A novel method for simulating soft tissue deformation A1 - ElHelw,M.A. A1 - Chung,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. A2 - Barber,D. U1 - Medical image understanding and analysis Y1 - 2003/// PB - BMVA SP - 153 EP - 156 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Current issues of photorealistic rendering for virtual and augmented reality in minimally invasive surgery A1 - Stoyanov, D A1 - ElHelw, M A1 - Lo, BP A1 - Chung, A A1 - Bello, F A1 - Yang, GZ U1 - 7th International Conference on Information Visualization (IV 2003) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 350 EP - 358 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Current issues of photorealistic rendering for virtual and augmented reality in minimally invasive surgery A1 - Stoyanov,D. A1 - ElHelw,M. A1 - Lo,B.P. A1 - Chung,A. A1 - Bello,F. A1 - Yang,G.Z. A2 - Titsworth,F.; Banissi,E.; Borner,K.; Chen,C.; Clapworthy,G.; Maple,C.; Lobben,A.; Moore,C.; Roberts,J.; Ursyn,A.; Zhang,J. U1 - 7th international conference on information visualization (IV 2003) Y1 - 2003/// PB - IEEE Computer Soc CY - Los Alamitos SP - 350 EP - 358 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Pq-space based 2D/3D registration for endoscope tracking A1 - Deligianni,F. A1 - Chung,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. A2 - Ellis,R.E.; Peters,T.M. U1 - 6th international conference on medical imaging computing and computer - assisted intervention, Montreal, Canada, 2003 Y1 - 2003/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - Berlin SP - 311 EP - 318 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - 2D/3D registration using shape from shading information in application to endoscope A1 - Deligianni,F. A1 - Chung,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. A2 - Barber,D. U1 - Medical image understanding and analysis, 2003 Y1 - 2003/// PB - BMVA SP - 33 EP - 36 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Fast and efficient registration for hands-on robotic assisted knee surgery A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Gomes,P. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Davies,B. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 3rd International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 18 - 21 June 2003, Marbella, Spain Y1 - 2003/// PB - Springer CY - Marbella SP - 74 EP - 75 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evolution of the next generation acrobot orthopaedic surgery robot, computer assisted orthopaedic surgery A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Gomes,P. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 3rd International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 18 - 21 June 2003, Marbella, Spain Y1 - 2003/// PB - Springer CY - Marbella SP - 152 EP - 153 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - VERBAL: The Delta III Total Shoulder Arthroplasty A1 - Sinnerton R A1 - Aziz O A1 - Corner A U1 - South West Orthopaedic Society, Annual meeting Y1 - 2003/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The clinical radiobiology of high-LET radiotherapy with particular reference to proton radiotherapy A1 - B Jones A1 - RG Dale J1 - Clinical Oncology Y1 - 2003/// VL - 15 SP - S16 EP - S22 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The use of X-ray computerized tomography to measure the accuracy of total knee arthroplasty A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Gomes,P. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. A1 - Richards,R.W. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 3rd International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 18 - 21 June 2003, Marbella, Spain Y1 - 2003/// PB - Springer CY - Marbella SP - 142 EP - 143 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Stapled technique for 4th degree haemorrhoids A1 - Kanellos, I A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Demetriades, H A1 - Betsis, D U1 - 9th Biennial Congress of the European-Council-of-Coloproctology (ECCP) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 271 EP - 273 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The treatment of mucosal rectal prolapse with stapled technique A1 - Kanellos, I A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Agelopoulos, S A1 - Betsis, D U1 - 9th Biennial Congress of the European-Council-of-Coloproctology (ECCP) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 263 EP - 265 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Screening and brief intervention (workshop) A1 - Touquet R U1 - 29th Annual Alcohol Epidemiology Symposium of the Kettil Bruun Society AD - Krakow, Poland Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - 2003/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Brief intervention for alcohol misuse among people attending A&E services A1 - Touquet R U1 - 8th Annual R&D Conference, London West Mental Health Consortium AD - Charing Cross Hospital, London Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - 2003/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Molecular pathways in colorectal cancer development A1 - Jass, JR A1 - Whitehall, VLJ A1 - Young, J A1 - Leggett, BA U1 - 128th FALK Symposium on Exogenous Factors in Colonic Carcinogenesis Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // VL - 128 SP - 31 EP - 43 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The 'Teachable Moment'. Plenary Session: Alcohol misuse - the response by A&E medicine A1 - Touquet R U1 - 10th Anniversary Meeting, Faculty of A&E Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons AD - London Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - 2003/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evaluation of the development of an e-portfolio for a Graduate Course in Health Professional Education A1 - Lawson M A1 - Nestel D A1 - Sikma J A1 - Wetjen C A1 - Jolly B U1 - A Question of Quality AD - Melbourne Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - 2003/// PB - ANZAME N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - An active constraint robot improves outcomes in total knee arthroplasty A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Gomes,P. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Davies,B. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 3rd International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 18 - 21 June 2003, Marbella, Spain Y1 - 2003/// PB - Springer CY - Marbella SP - 64 EP - 65 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Stapled haemorrhoidectomy A1 - Kanellos, I A1 - Zacharakis, E U1 - 9th Biennial Congress of the European-Council-of-Coloproctology (ECCP) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 53 EP - 56 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Alcohol, Toxicology A1 - Touquet R U1 - 6th Annual Acute Medical Emergencies Conference, Royal College of Physicians Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - 2003/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Surgical management of colorectal cancer A1 - Kanellos, I A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Demetriades, H A1 - Betsis, D U1 - 9th Biennial Congress of the European-Council-of-Coloproctology (ECCP) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 275 EP - 277 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Stapled technique for 3(rd) degree haemorrhoids A1 - Kanellos, I A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Agelopoulos, S A1 - Betsis, D U1 - 9th Biennial Congress of the European-Council-of-Coloproctology (ECCP) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 259 EP - 262 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Insulin induces cobalt - uptake in a sub - population of primary sensory neurons A1 - Sathianathan V A1 - Santha P A1 - Nagy I U1 - 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - New Orleans, USA Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // VL - 29 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 812.16 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The endogenous TRPV1 ligand anandamide increases in the rat inflamed urinary bladder and may contribute to inflammatory pain A1 - Avelino AA A1 - Dinis P A1 - Charrua A A1 - Nagy I A1 - Yacoob M A1 - Cruz F U1 - 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - New Orleans Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // VL - 29 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 608.3 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - ROVIMAS: A software package for assessing surgical skills using the da Vinci telemanipulator system A1 - Dosis, A A1 - Bello, F A1 - Rockall, T A1 - Munz, Y A1 - Moorthy, K A1 - Martin, S A1 - Darzi, A U1 - 4th International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine (ITAB 2003) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 326 EP - 329 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - VERBAL: Delta Shoulder Replacement A1 - Corner A A1 - Aziz O A1 - Sinnerton R U1 - Delta Users Group, British Elbow and Shoulder Society, Annual Meeting Y1 - 2003/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Modification of stapled haemorrhoidectomy A1 - Kanellos, I A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Betsis, D U1 - 9th Biennial Congress of the European-Council-of-Coloproctology (ECCP) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 267 EP - 270 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Image-based modelling of soft tissue deformation A1 - ElHelw,M.A. A1 - Chung,A.J. A1 - Darzi,A. A1 - Yang,G.Z. A2 - Ellis,R.E.; Peters,T.M. U1 - 6th international conference on medical imaging computing and computer - assisted intervention, Montreal, Canada, 2003 Y1 - 2003/// PB - Springer-Verlag CY - Berlin SP - 83 EP - 90 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Interpretation of hidden node methodology in automated classification of neural cell morphology A1 - Bang,J.W. A1 - Pappas,A. A1 - Gillies,D. A1 - Muggleton,S. A2 - Valafar,F.; Valafar,H. U1 - International conference on mathematics and engineering techniques in medicine and biological science, Las Vegas, Nevada, 2003 Y1 - 2003/// PB - C S R e A Press CY - Athens SP - 527 EP - 532 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Modelisation of Target Motion and Organ Deformation : Lung Tumour Tracking. A1 - Baudet, V A1 - Villard, PF A1 - Beuve, M A1 - Shariat, B U1 - 9th workshop HCPBM AD - Lyon (Fr) Y1 - 2003/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A Bayesian model for metabolic pathways A1 - Tamaddoni-Nezhad,A. A1 - Muggleton,S. A1 - Bang,J. U1 - International joint conference on artificial intelligence (IJCAI03) workshop on learning statistical models from relational data, IJCAI, 2003 Y1 - 2003/// SP - 50 EP - 57 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A Graduate Certificate in Health Professional Education: Capitalising on interprofessional teaching and learning opportunities A1 - Lawson M A1 - Jolly B A1 - French J A1 - Kiegaldie D A1 - McKenna L A1 - Nestel D U1 - A Question of Quality AD - Melbourne Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - 2003/// PB - ANZAME SP - 79 EP - 80 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - 4D PET with the quad-HIDAC: Development of dynamic list-mode EM image reconstruction A1 - Walledge, RJ A1 - Reader, AJ A1 - Aboagye, EO A1 - Spinks, TJ A1 - Honer, M A1 - Missimer, J A1 - Jeavons, AP U1 - IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - // SP - 1716 EP - 1720 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Using role-play in multi-professional education: A workshop for the National Blood Service in the United Kingdom A1 - Nestel D A1 - Kidd J U1 - A Question of Quality AD - Melbourne Y1 - 2003/// Y2 - 2003/// PB - ANZAME SP - 144 EP - 146 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - DNA hypermethylation and resistance to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer A1 - Strathdee, G A1 - Vasey, PA A1 - Saddiqui, N A1 - Wei, SH A1 - Huang, THM A1 - Brown, R U1 - 14th EORTC/NCI/AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics Y1 - 2002/11// Y2 - // VL - 38 SP - S157 EP - S157 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Chronic adenosine modulator treatment in spinal nerve ligated rats temporarily reduces allodynia, followed by tolerance and complex alterations in adenosine A(1) receptor number and function A1 - Bantel, C A1 - Li, X A1 - Conklin, DR A1 - Eisenach, JC U1 - 7th International Symposium on Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides Y1 - 2002/08// Y2 - // VL - 56 SP - 577 EP - 577 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Merging technical and communication skills: a course on minor surgery for nurses A1 - Nestel D A1 - Kneebone R A1 - Kidd J U1 - Proceedings of ANZAME AD - University of Sydney Y1 - 2002/07// Y2 - // N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Neuro-Fuzzy Shadow Filter A1 - Benny P.L. Lo A1 - Guang-Zhong Yang U1 - The European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) 2002 Y1 - 2002/05// Y2 - 2002/05// VL - Part III SP - 381 EP - 392 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Adrenergic receptors are sites for the analgesic response to general anesthetics A1 - Maze, M U1 - 6th International Conference on Molecular and Basic Mechanisms of Anesthesia Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // SP - 259 EP - 261 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Human fetal and maternal stress responses A1 - Gitau, R A1 - Fisk, N A1 - Glover, V U1 - 7th Symposium on Catecholamines and Other Neurotransmitters in Stress Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // SP - 215 EP - 217 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - New trends in contraception: men A1 - Huhtaniemi, I U1 - 17th World Congress on Fertility and Sterility Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // SP - 422 EP - 431 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The effect of anandamide on calcitonin gene-related peptide release from primary sensory neurons A1 - Ahluwalia J A1 - Urban L A1 - Bevan S A1 - Nagy I U1 - 10th World Congress on Pain AD - San Diego Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // PB - IASP Press N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Chronic alcohol misuse; management in A&E A1 - Touquet R U1 - 9th International Conference on Emergency Medicine AD - Edinburgh Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - 2002/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - NATO Advanced Study Institute: DIsease Markers in Exhaled Breath A1 - N Marczin A2 - N Marczin, MH YAcoub U1 - Disease Markers in Exhaled Breath AD - Limin Hersonissou, Cretem Greece J1 - Disease Markers in Exhaled Breath Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - 2001/06/22/ PB - IOS Press N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Intraoperative user interface of a "hands-on" surgical robot A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Jakopec,H. A1 - Harris,S.J. A1 - Gomes,M.P.S.F. A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Davies,B.L. U1 - 2nd Annual conference CAOS, Santa Fe, June 2002 Y1 - 2002/// PB - Sweeney Convention Center CY - Santa Fe SP - 115 EP - 116 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Histopathology of early neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus A1 - Jass, JR U1 - Symposium on Esophageal Cancer Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // SP - 13 EP - 20 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Anandamide increases the micturition reflex activity via the vanilloid receptor 1 A1 - Silva AA A1 - Charrua A A1 - Nagy I A1 - Cruz F U1 - 32rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - Orlando Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // VL - 28 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 49.11 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Gene-modified animal models for the study of luteinizing hormone and luteinizing hormone receptor function A1 - Zhang, FP A1 - Poutanen, M A1 - Huhtaniemi, I U1 - 12th European Workshop on Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology of the Testis Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // SP - 85 EP - 97 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Using bayesian networks with hidden nodes to recognise neural cell morphology A1 - Bang,J.W. A1 - Gillies,D. A2 - Ishizuka,M.; Sattar,A. U1 - 7th Pacific Rim international conference on artificial intelligence, PRICAI 20002 trends in artificial intelligence, Tokyo Y1 - 2002/// PB - Springer CY - New York SP - 385 EP - 394 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evaluation of the exophthalmia reduction with a finite element model A1 - Luboz, V A1 - Pedrono, A A1 - Boutault, F A1 - Swider, P A1 - Payan, Y U1 - 16th International Congress and Exhibition on Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // SP - 1123 EP - 1123 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Dual effect of anandamide on nociceptive primary sensory neurons A1 - Nagy I A1 - Ahluwalia J A1 - Urban L U1 - 3rd FENS Forum AD - Paris Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Alcohol misuse management within St Mary's Hospital A&E Department since 1988 A1 - Touquet R U1 - 9th International Conference on Emergency Medicine AD - Edinburgh Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - 2002/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Caesarean section for all patients? A1 - Fisk, N U1 - 3rd World Congress on Controversies in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // SP - 111 EP - 115 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Cold induces cobalt-uptake in a sub-population of rat cultured primary sensory neurons A1 - Thapar A A1 - Nagy I U1 - 32rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - Orlando Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // VL - 28 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 46.3 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evidence from co-culture studies that annexin 1 serves as a paracrine mediator of glucocorticoid action between folliculo-stellate cells and corticotrophs A1 - Tierney T A1 - Christian HC A1 - Morris Jf A1 - Buckingham JC U1 - 193rd Meeting of the Society for Endocrinology AD - London, UK J1 - Endocrine Abstracts Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - 2002/11/04/ VL - 4 SP - OC17 N2 - - UR - http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0004/ea0004oc17.htm ER - TY - CONF T1 - First clinical trials of a "hands-on" Active Constraint robot A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Henckel,J. A1 - Harris,S.J. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. A1 - Gomes,M.P.S.F. A1 - Davies,B.L. U1 - 2nd annual conference CAOS, Santa Fe June 2002 Y1 - 2002/// PB - Sweeney Convention Center CY - Santa Fe SP - 46 EP - 47 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Cannabinoid 1 receptor- and vanilloid receptor 1-mediated effects on transmitter release from cultured primary sensory neurons A1 - Nagy I A1 - Ahluwalia J A1 - Yaqoob M A1 - Bevan S A1 - Urban L U1 - 32rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - Orlando Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - // VL - 28 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 114.3 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Using bayesian networks to model the prognosis of hepatitis C A1 - Bang,J.W. A1 - Gillies,D. U1 - 7th workshop on intelligent data analysis in medicine and pharmacology (IDAMAP.02), Lyon, France, 2002 Y1 - 2002/// PB - N/A SP - 7 EP - 15 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A planning system for active constraint robot knee surgery A1 - Cobb,J. A1 - Gomes,P. A1 - Harris,S. A1 - Jakopec,M. A1 - Rodriguez y Baena,F. U1 - Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery, 2nd International Annual Meeting of CAOS, 19 - 22 June 2002, Santa Fe, USA Y1 - 2002/// PB - Sweeney Convention Center SP - 252 EP - 253 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Estimating hidden nodes in bayesian networks A1 - Bang,J.W. A1 - Gillies,D. U1 - Proceedings of the international conference on machine learning and applications (ICMLA'02), Las Vegas, USA, 2002 Y1 - 2002/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Sepsis in the ICU A1 - Soni N AD - London, UK Y1 - 2002/// Y2 - 2002/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evidence based medicine, albumin A1 - Soni N U1 - World Congress AD - Sydney, Australia Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - 2001/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The treatment of unstable, extracapsular hip fractures with the AO /ASIF proximal femoral nail (PFN) – our first 60 cases A1 - Hart AJ A1 - Banan, H U1 - British Orthopaedic Association AD - Birmingham Y1 - 2001/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Fungal prophylaxis A1 - Soni N U1 - Advances meeting AD - Royal College of London, UK Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - 2001/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The impact of high serum estradiol level in assisted reproduction technology A1 - Ng, EHY A1 - Basir, GS A1 - Yeung, WSB A1 - Lau, EYL A1 - So, WWK A1 - Ho, PC U1 - 8th World Congress of Gynecological Endocrinology Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - // SP - 85 EP - 88 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Virtual reality surgical training and assessment system A1 - Paloc, C A1 - Kitney, RI A1 - Bello, F A1 - Darzi, A U1 - 15th International Congress and Exhibition on Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - // VL - 1230 SP - 207 EP - 212 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - A common genetic variant of luteinizing hormone: physiological and function consequences A1 - Manna PR A1 - Joshi L A1 - Huhtaniemi IT AD - New Delhi, India J1 - Proceedings of International Symposium "Follicular Growth, Ovulation and Fertilizations: Molecular and Clinical Basis" Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - 1999/10// PB - Narosa Publishing House CY - New Delhi SP - 38 EP - 51 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Anti-staphylococcal agents A1 - Soni N AD - Baden Baden, Germany Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - 2001/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Effects of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide on excitatory transmission in substantia gelatinosa neurons of the rat spinal cord A1 - Morisset V A1 - Nagy I A1 - Urban L U1 - 31st Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - San Diego Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - // VL - 27 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 716.11 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Tackling multi resistance in ITU A1 - Soni N U1 - British Pharmaceutical Conference AD - Glasgow, UK Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - 2001/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The correction if unintended treatment gaps A1 - RG Dale U1 - 1st UKRO conference AD - York, UYK J1 - Clinical Oncology Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - 2001/04// VL - 13 SP - S10 EP - S10 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Expression of cannabinoid 1 receptors and its regulation in primary sensory neurons A1 - Bevan SJ A1 - Ahluwalia J A1 - Nagy I A1 - Urban L U1 - 31st Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - San Diego Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - // VL - 27 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 716.2 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Allowance for the radiobiological effects of dose gradients in gynaecological applications A1 - RG Dale A1 - IP Coles U1 - GEC-ESTRO meeting AD - Stresa, Italy J1 - Radiotherapy and Oncology Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - 2001/// VL - 60 (Supplement #1) SP - S7 EP - S7 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Rapid capsaicin-induced redistribution of the rat vanilloid receptor subtype i in heterologously expressing CHO cells and in DRG neurons A1 - Brown AJH A1 - Hudson LJ A1 - Nagy I A1 - Winter J A1 - McIntyre P U1 - 30th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - New Orleans, USA Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - // VL - 26 PB - Society For Neuroscience SP - 635.4 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Lessons from meta-analysis A1 - Soni N U1 - NATA AD - Berlin, Germany Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - 2001/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - NMR and pattern recognition studies on the biochemistry of black tea-derived polyphenolic compounds in the rat A1 - Solanky, KS A1 - Bailey, NJC A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Davis, AL A1 - Mulder, TPJ A1 - Van Duynhoven, J U1 - 11th Eurofoodchem Meeting on Biologically-Active Phytochemicals in Food Y1 - 2001/// Y2 - // SP - 140 EP - 142 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Does Acute Hyperhomocysteinaemia Alter Arterial Compliance? A1 - Rajkumar C A1 - Aziz O A1 - Chambers J A1 - Kooner J A1 - Bulpitt C U1 - 18th Scientific Meeting of International Society of Hypertension AD - Chicago Y1 - 2000/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Gonadotropin ligand and receptor mutations in disorders of pituitary-gonadal function A1 - Huhtaniemi I U1 - 5th Congress on Control of the Onset of Puberty J1 - Excerpta Medica International Congress Series No. 1202 Y1 - 2000/// SP - 187 EP - 199 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists A1 - Maze, M U1 - Symposium on Molecular Pharmacology of Anasthesia Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - // SP - 232 EP - 240 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - High-dose chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer A1 - Grosse, Y A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Possinger, K U1 - 4th International Stem Cell Workshop on High-Dose Therapy and Transplantation of Haematopoietic Stem Cells Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - // SP - 29 EP - 33 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Co-expression of vanilloid 1 and cannabinoid 1 receptors in nociceptive primary sensory neurons A1 - Ahluwalia J A1 - Urban L A1 - Capogna M A1 - Nagy I U1 - 30th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - New Orleans, USA Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - // VL - 26 PB - Society For Neuroscience SP - 632.8 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Therapeutic strategies in primary AL amyloidosis A1 - Sezer, O A1 - Eucker, J A1 - Heider, U A1 - Schweigert, M A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Possinger, K U1 - 4th International Stem Cell Workshop on High-Dose Therapy and Transplantation of Haematopoietic Stem Cells Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - // SP - 21 EP - 26 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Recruitment of p160 coactivators to androgen receptors A1 - Parker, M A1 - Bevan, C U1 - 11th European Workshop on Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology of the Testis Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - // SP - 165 EP - 172 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Distribution of vanilloid receptor (vr-1) immunoreactive fibers in the rat urinary tract. A1 - Cruz F A1 - Avelino A A1 - Cruz C A1 - Nagy I U1 - 30th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - New Orleans, USA Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - // VL - 26 PB - Society For Neuroscience SP - 629.11 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Cannabinoid 1 receptors are expressed on primary sensory neurons A1 - Ahluwalia J A1 - Urban L A1 - Capogna M A1 - Bevan S A1 - Nagy I U1 - Scientific Meeting of The Physiologal Society held at the University of Abrdeen AD - Aberdeen, UK Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - // VL - 528 PB - Blackwell N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Vanilloid receptor 1-mediated and noxious heat-induced currents in noxious heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons A1 - Nagy I A1 - Rang HP U1 - Joint Scientific Meeting of The Physiologal Society and the Hungarian Physiological Society AD - Budapest, Hungary Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - // VL - 526 PB - Blackwell N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Genetic variants of gonadotropins. Syllabus of the Pre-Congress Graduate Course A1 - Huhtaniemi I U1 - 1st European Congress of Andrology AD - d'Avila, Italy J1 - Proceedings Y1 - 2000/// Y2 - 2000/03// SP - 38 EP - 49 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Assessing crude oil bioremediation using catabolic and metabolic microbial biosensors A1 - Bundy, JG A1 - Campbell, CD A1 - Paton, GI U1 - 5th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // SP - 351 EP - 356 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evolution of neoplasia in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer A1 - Jass, JR U1 - UICC Symposium on Familial Cancer and Prevention Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // SP - 215 EP - 219 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mutations and polymorphisms in gonadotropin and gonadotropin receptor genes A1 - Huhtaniemi IT U1 - Proceedings of the IV International Congress on Therapy in Andrology J1 - The Human Testis: Its role in Reproduction and Sexuality Y1 - 1999/// PB - Moduzzi Editore CY - Bologna SP - 17 EP - 23 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - POSTER: Does Acute Hyperhomocysteinaemia Alter Arterial Compliance? A1 - Rajkumar C A1 - Aziz O A1 - Chambers J A1 - Kooner J A1 - Bulpitt C U1 - Medical Research Society Science and Medicine Conference AD - Royal College of Physicians, London Y1 - 1999/// N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Steroid hormone action: modulation of progesterone receptor function in uterine tissues A1 - Brosens, J A1 - Astle, S A1 - Mak, I A1 - White, J U1 - 5th International Symposium on GnRH Analogues in Cancer and Human Reproduction Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // SP - 33 EP - 49 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Different modes of management for twin twin transfusion syndrome A1 - Fisk, NM U1 - 1st Congress on Controversies in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // SP - 113 EP - 116 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Endometriosis and adenomyosis: a unifying hypothesis A1 - Brosens, JJ A1 - Brosens, I U1 - VIth World Congress on Endometriosis Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // SP - 11 EP - 16 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Caesarean section for all? A1 - Fisk, NM U1 - 1st Congress on Controversies in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // SP - 217 EP - 219 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Heat- and capsaicin-activated channels in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons A1 - Nagy I A1 - Rang HP U1 - 9th World Congress on Pain AD - Wiena, Austria Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // PB - IASP Press SP - 135 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Drug addiction among anesthesiologists A1 - Maze, M U1 - Postgraduate Course in Clinical Anesthesiology on Anesthesia for the New Millennium Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // VL - 34 SP - 263 EP - 266 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The role of alpha(2) agonists in anesthesiology A1 - Maze, M U1 - Postgraduate Course in Clinical Anesthesiology on Anesthesia for the New Millennium Y1 - 1999/// Y2 - // VL - 34 SP - 213 EP - 223 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Follicole-stimulating hormone receptor mutation and fertility A1 - Vaskivuo T A1 - Aittomaki K A1 - Huhtaniemi IT A1 - Tapanainen JS U1 - Proceedings of the European Testic Workshop AD - Capri, Italy Y1 - 1998/03// SP - 295 EP - 306 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The economics of fractionation A1 - RG Dale A1 - B Jones J1 - British Journal of Radiology Y1 - 1998/// VL - 71 (Supplement) SP - 49 EP - 49 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Noxious heat transduction mechanisms in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons A1 - Nagy I A1 - Rang HP U1 - 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience AD - Los Angeles, USA Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // VL - 24 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 814.9 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - The role of cyclooxygenase-2 in reproduction A1 - Bennett, P A1 - Sawdy, R A1 - Slater, D U1 - William Harvey Research Conference Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // SP - 171 EP - 183 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Cyclooxygenase type-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for inhibition of preterm labor A1 - Slater, DM A1 - Sawdy, R A1 - Dennes, WJB A1 - Allport, V A1 - Bennett, PR U1 - 4th International Congress on Essential Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // SP - 64 EP - 67 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - How can serial imaging improve the results of brachytherapy? A1 - RG Dale A1 - B Jones A1 - IP Coles A1 - LT Tan U1 - Radiology 1998 - Imaging, Science and Oncology J1 - British Jopurnal of Radiology Y1 - 1998/// VL - 71 (Supplement) SP - 70 EP - 70 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Noxious heat-activated microscopic currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurones A1 - Nagy I A1 - Rang HP U1 - Scientific Meeting of The Physiological Society held at Cambridge University AD - Cambridge, UK Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // VL - 507 PB - Blackwell N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Metabolism and genotoxicity of food-derived heterocyclic amines A1 - Gooderham, NJ A1 - Lynch, AM A1 - Yadollahi-Farsani, M A1 - Murray, S A1 - Boobis, AR A1 - Davies, DS U1 - Symposium on Drug Metabolism - Towards the Next Millennium Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // VL - 25 SP - 127 EP - 136 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Preliminary results of Intratumoral plasmid p53 injection in patients with localised hepatocellular carcinoma A1 - Habib, NA A1 - El-Masry, R A1 - Mitry, RR A1 - Michail, NE A1 - Abdel-Ghaffar, Y A1 - Moenis, A U1 - 8th World Congress of the International Gastro-Surgical Club Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // SP - 375 EP - 387 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Membarane responses of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons to noxious heat stimulation A1 - Nagy I A1 - Rang HP U1 - XIIIth World Congtess of Pharmacology AD - Munich, Germany Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // PB - Springer-Verlag N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Neuropeptides, signal transduction and small cell lung cancer A1 - Seckl, MJ A1 - Rozengurt, E U1 - Workshop on Prevention and Early Detection of Lung Cancer Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // SP - 129 EP - 142 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Noxious heat activated currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons A1 - Nagy I A1 - Rang HP U1 - Scientific Meeting of The Physiological Society held at King's College London AD - King's College London, London, UK Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // VL - 506 PB - Blackwell N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Ion channels activated by noxious heat in rat sensory neurons A1 - Nagy I A1 - Rang HP U1 - XIIIth World Congtess of Pharmacology AD - Munich, Germany Y1 - 1998/// Y2 - // PB - Springer-Verlag N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Molecular mechanisms for the analgesic properties of alpha-2 adrenergic agonists A1 - Kingery, WS A1 - Davies, MF A1 - Maze, M U1 - Conference on Molecular Aspects of the Neurobiology of Pain as part of the Celebration to Mark the 150th Anniversary of the First Public Demonstration of Ether Y1 - 1997/// Y2 - // VL - 9 SP - 275 EP - 304 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mutations and polymorphisms in the gonadotrophin genes A1 - Huhtaniemi, I A1 - Pettersson, K U1 - Proceedings of the 9th Reinier de Graaf Symposium AD - Nordwilk, Holland Y1 - 1997/// PB - Pathenon Publishing CY - New York SP - 159 EP - 166 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - Downregulation of spinal cord NK1 receptor and antinociception by intrathecal treatment with NK1 antisense oligonucleotide and substance P A1 - Hua X.-Y A1 - Chen P A1 - Polgar E A1 - Nagy I A1 - Marsala M A1 - Urban L A1 - Yaskh TL A1 - Webb M U1 - 27th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience Y1 - 1997/// Y2 - // VL - 23 PB - Society for Neuroscience SP - 267.14 N2 - - ER - TY - CONF T1 - What should a clinical reproductive endocrinologist understand about molecular biology? A1 - Huhtaniemi, I U1 - Synopsis of the 1st Annual ESHRE Winter Training Course in Reproductive Endocrinology AD - Rotterdam Y1 - 1997/01// N2 - - ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Pharmacogenetic assessment of toxicity and outcome following platinum/taxane chemotherapy in ovarian cancer (SCOTROC1). A1 - Marsh, S A1 - Paul, J A1 - King, CR A1 - Gifford, G A1 - MacLeod, HL A1 - Brown, R J1 - Journal Clinical Oncology Y1 - 2007/10// VL - in press ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Phase I and pharmacodynamic trial of the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine and carboplatin in solid tumours A1 - Appleton, K A1 - MacKay, HJ A1 - Judson, I A1 - Plumb, JA A1 - McCormick, C A1 - Strathdee, G A1 - Lee, C A1 - Barrett, S A1 - Reade, S A1 - Jadayel, D A1 - Tang, A A1 - Bellenger, K A1 - Mackay, L A1 - Setanoians, A A1 - Schatzlein, A A1 - Twelves, C A1 - Kaye, SB A1 - Brown, R J1 - Journal Clinical Oncology Y1 - 2007/10// VL - in press ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Proposal of a simple a reproducible scoring system for EGFR in colorectal cancer A1 - Zlobec, I A1 - Vuong, T A1 - Hayashi, S A1 - Tornillo, L A1 - Jass, J A1 - Lugli, A A1 - Terracciano, LM J1 - PATHOL RES PRACT Y1 - 2007/10// VL - 203 SN - 0344-0338 SP - 254 EP - 254 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Repeat retroperitoneal lymph-node dissection after chemotherapy for metastatic testicular germ cell tumour. A1 - Willis, SF A1 - Winkler, M A1 - Savage, P A1 - Seckl, MJ A1 - Christmas, TJ J1 - BJU Int Y1 - 2007/10// VL - 100 SN - 1464-4096 SP - 809 EP - 812 N2 - OBJECTIVES To examine the operative findings, histopathology and clinical outcome of patients undergoing repeat retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) after initial chemotherapy and RPLND (PC-RPLND) for metastatic testicular germ cell tumour (GCT), as a small proportion relapse or have residual disease after incomplete resection in the lung, retrocrural or pelvic nodes, and retroperitoneum. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between September 1992 and May 2006, 359 patients had PC-RPLND under the care of one surgeon, 54 of which were repeat procedures. We compared the long-term outcome between those having primary and those having repeat PC-RPLND. RESULTS The median (range) time from original to repeat surgery was 2.4 (0.25-26.5) years, and the median follow-up after the repeat procedure was 5.8 (0.08-12.9) years. There was no difference in survival between patients requiring only one PC-RPLND and those having a repeat procedure (P = 0.592). The most frequent sites of recurrent disease were: behind the great vessels/para-aortic areas (38, 46%), in the suprahilar region (18, 18%), in the retrocrural area (16, 19%), in the pelvic nodes (10, 12%) and in the lung (one, 1%). The most common pathological findings in the repeat PC-RPLNDs were differentiated teratoma (19, 35%), malignant teratoma undifferentiated (nine, 17%), adenocarcinoma (eight, 15%) and necrotic tissue (five, 9.2%). CONCLUSION Although a small proportion of patients with metastatic GCT might require repeat PC-RPLND, there is no difference in survival between this group and those having one PC-RPLND. However, to avoid cancer recurrence and reoperation, it is crucial that the first PC-RPLND is careful and complete, preferably done in a centre with expertise in this procedure. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17711512&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Phosphorylation of CK1delta: identification of Ser370 as the major phosphorylation site targeted by PKA in vitro and in vivo. A1 - Giamas, G A1 - Hirner, H A1 - Shoshiashvili, L A1 - Grothey, A A1 - Gessert, S A1 - Kühl, M A1 - Henne-Bruns, D A1 - Vorgias, CE A1 - Knippschild, U J1 - Biochem J Y1 - 2007/09/15/ VL - 406 SN - 1470-8728 SP - 389 EP - 398 N2 - The involvement of CK1 (casein kinase 1) delta in the regulation of multiple cellular processes implies a tight regulation of its activity on many different levels. At the protein level, reversible phosphorylation plays an important role in modulating the activity of CK1delta. In the present study, we show that PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase), Akt (protein kinase B), CLK2 (CDC-like kinase 2) and PKC (protein kinase C) alpha all phosphorylate CK1delta. PKA was identified as the major cellular CK1deltaCK (CK1delta C-terminal-targeted protein kinase) for the phosphorylation of CK1delta in vitro and in vivo. This was implied by the following evidence: PKA was detectable in the CK1deltaCK peak fraction of fractionated MiaPaCa-2 cell extracts, PKA shared nearly identical kinetic properties with those of CK1deltaCK, and both PKA and CK1deltaCK phosphorylated CK1delta at Ser370 in vitro. Furthermore, phosphorylation of CK1delta by PKA decreased substrate phosphorylation of CK1delta in vitro. Mutation of Ser370 to alanine increased the phosphorylation affinity of CK1delta for beta-casein and the GST (gluthatione S-transferase)-p53 1-64 fusion protein in vitro and enhanced the formation of an ectopic dorsal axis during Xenopus laevis development. Anchoring of PKA and CK1delta to centrosomes was mediated by AKAP (A-kinase-anchoring protein) 450. Interestingly, pre-incubation of MiaPaCa-2 cells with the synthetic peptide St-Ht31, which prevents binding between AKAP450 and the regulatory subunit RII of PKA, resulted in a 6-fold increase in the activity of CK1delta. In summary, we conclude that PKA phosphorylates CK1delta, predominantly at Ser370 in vitro and in vivo, and that site-specific phosphorylation of CK1delta by PKA plays an important role in modulating CK1delta-dependent processes. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17594292&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Mannose receptor regulation of macrophage cell migration. A1 - Sturge, J A1 - Todd, SK A1 - Kogianni, G A1 - McCarthy, A A1 - Isacke, CM J1 - J Leukoc Biol Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 82 SN - 0741-5400 SP - 585 EP - 593 N2 - The migration of macrophages through peripheral tissues is an essential step in the host response to infection, inflammation, and ischemia as well as in tumor progression and tissue repair. The mannose receptor (MR; CD206, previously known as the macrophage MR) is a 175-kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein and is a member of a family of four recycling endocytic receptors, which share a common extracellular domain structure but distinct ligand-binding properties and cell type expression patterns. MR has been shown to bind and internalize carbohydrate and collagen ligands and more recently, to have a role in myoblast motility and muscle growth. Given that the related Endo180 (CD280) receptor has also been shown to have a promigratory role, we hypothesized that MR may be involved in regulating macrophage migration and/or chemotaxis. Contrary to expectation, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) from MR-deficient mice showed an increase in random cell migration and no impairment in chemotactic response to a gradient of CSF-1. To investigate whether the related promigratory Endo180 receptor might compensate for lack of MR, mice with homozygous deletions in MR and Endo180 were generated. These animals showed no obvious phenotypic abnormality, and their BMM, like those from MR-deficient mice, retained an enhanced migratory behavior. As MR is down-regulated during macrophage activation, these findings have implications for the regulation of macrophage migration during different stages of pathogenesis. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17596337&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Correlation between preoperative biliary drainage, bile duct contamination, and postoperative outcomes for pancreatic surgery. A1 - Limongelli, P A1 - Pai, M A1 - Bansi, D A1 - Thiallinagram, A A1 - Tait, P A1 - Jackson, J A1 - Habib, NA A1 - Williamson, RC A1 - Jiao, LR J1 - Surgery Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 142 SN - 0039-6060 SP - 313 EP - 318 N2 - BACKGROUND: Although previously examined, the potential relationship between preoperative biliary drainage (PBD), intraoperative bile culture (IBC), and postoperative morbidity and mortality rate for pancreatic surgery remains unclear. METHODS: Two hundred twenty patients underwent operation for either benign pancreatic disease or malignant periampullary and pancreatic neoplasms, consisting of pylorus-preserving proximal pancreatoduodenectomy (n = 180), biliary bypass (n = 31), and total pancreatectomy (n = 9). An intraoperative bile specimen was prospectively collected immediately after division of the bile duct and sent for bacteriologic evaluation for both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Morbidity and mortality rates were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 220 patients evaluated, 113 patients (51.4%) had a positive IBC. Factors associated with a positive IBC were age >70 years (odds ratio [OR], 5.9;95% confidence interval, [CI]: 1.6-22.1; P = .007), history of coronary artery disease (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01-0.5; P = .007), diagnosis of neoplasia (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9; P =. 03), and PBD (OR, 0.1; 95% CI, 0.06-0.2; P = .0001). Infectious complications (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1-3; P = .03), and wound infection (OR, 2.8; 95% CI,1.4-5.3; P = .002) were greater in patients with positive IBC. CONCLUSIONS: PBD predisposes to a positive IBC. Patients with a positive IBC have a clinically important increased risk of developing both infectious complications and wound infection after pancreatic surgery. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17723881&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Patient involvement in patient safety: what factors influence patient participation and engagement? A1 - Davis, RE A1 - Jacklin, R A1 - Sevdalis, N A1 - Vincent, CA J1 - Health Expect Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 10 SN - 1369-6513 SP - 259 EP - 267 N2 - BACKGROUND: Patients can play an important role in improving patient safety by becoming actively involved in their health care. However, there is a paucity of empirical data on the extent to which patients take on such a role. In order to encourage patient participation in patient safety we first need to assess the full range of factors that may be implicated in such involvement. OBJECTIVE: To delineate factors that could affect the participation of the patient in quality and safety issues in their health care. METHOD: Literature review of patient involvement in health care, drawing from direct evidence (specifically from the safety context) and indirect evidence (extrapolated from treatment decision-making research and the wider patient involvement in health care literature); synthesis and conceptual framework developed, illustrating the known and putative factors that could affect the participation of the patient in safety issues in their health care. MAIN RESULTS: Five categories of factors emerged that could affect patient involvement in safety: patient-related (e.g. patients' demographic characteristics), illness-related (e.g. illness severity), health-care professional-related (e.g. health care professionals' knowledge and beliefs), health care setting-related (e.g. primary or secondary care), and task-related (e.g. whether the required patient safety behaviour challenges clinicians' clinical abilities). CONCLUSION: The potential for engaging patients in patient safety is considerable but further research is needed to examine the influences on patient involvement, the limits and the possible dangers. Patients can act as 'safety buffers' during their care but the responsibility for their safety must remain with the health care professionals. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17678514&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Delay of Postnatal Maturation Sensitizes the Mouse Prostate to Testosterone-Induced Pronounced Hyperplasia: Protective Role of Estrogen Receptor-{beta}. A1 - Savolainen, S A1 - Pakarainen, T A1 - Huhtaniemi, I A1 - Poutanen, M A1 - Mäkelä, S J1 - Am J Pathol Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 171 SN - 0002-9440 SP - 1013 EP - 1022 N2 - The role of estrogens in the etiology of prostate cancer is controversial. To demonstrate the specific effects of estrogens and androgens on the development of the prostatic epithelial hyperplasia, we used luteinizing hormone receptor knockout mice (LuRKO), which are resistant to pituitary regulation mediated by luteinizing hormone, lack postnatal androgen production, and have rudimentary accessory sex glands, the growth of which can be induced with exogenous androgen replacement. This model is thus ideal for the investigation of direct hormonal effects on the prostate. Testosterone, but not 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, replacement from 21 days of life for 8 weeks induced pronounced hyperplasia and inflammation in the prostates of LuRKO mice. Interestingly, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone combined with 17beta-estradiol did not induce hyperplasia or inflammation, and treatments with inhibitors of estrogen action, aromatase inhibitor, and ICI 182780 further exacerbated testosterone-induced hyperplastic growth. However, the activation of estrogen receptor (ER)-beta with a specific agonist, DPN [2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenol)-propionitrile], prevented the development of prostatic hyperplasia and inflammation in testosterone-treated LuRKO mice. Thus, it seems that in the presence of sufficient androgenic stimulation, it is the balance between ER-alpha- and ER-beta-mediated signaling that determines whether estrogens promote hyperplasia or protect the prostate against hyperplastic changes. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17640960&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Prediction and Classification of Drug Toxicity Using Probabilistic Modeling of Temporal Metabolic Data: The Consortium on Metabonomic Toxicology Screening Approach A1 - Ebbels, T M D A1 - Keun, H C A1 - Beckonert, O P A1 - Bollard, M E A1 - Lindon, J C A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Nicholson, J K J1 - Journal of Proteome Research Y1 - 2007/09// ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The Transcriptional Corepressor RIP140 Regulates Oxidative Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle. A1 - Seth, A A1 - Steel, JH A1 - Nichol, D A1 - Pocock, V A1 - Kumaran, MK A1 - Fritah, A A1 - Mobberley, M A1 - Ryder, TA A1 - Rowlerson, A A1 - Scott, J A1 - Poutanen, M A1 - White, R A1 - Parker, M J1 - Cell Metabolism Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 6 SP - 236 EP - 245 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Dyspnoea after AZD 6140: blaming the messenger. A1 - Serebruany, VL A1 - Stebbing, J A1 - Atar, D J1 - Int J Clin Pract Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 61 SN - 1368-5031 SP - 1591 EP - 1591 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17686099&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Inactivation of HOXA Genes by Hypermethylation in Myeloid and Lymphoid Malignancy is Frequent and Associated with Poor Prognosis. A1 - Strathdee, G A1 - Holyoake, TL A1 - Sim, A A1 - Parker, A A1 - Oscier, DG A1 - Melo, JV A1 - Meyer, S A1 - Eden, T A1 - Dickinson, AM A1 - Mountford, JC A1 - Jorgensen, HG A1 - Soutar, R A1 - Brown, R J1 - Clin Cancer Res Y1 - 2007/09/01/ VL - 13 SN - 1078-0432 SP - 5048 EP - 5055 N2 - PURPOSE: The HOX genes comprise a large family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors, present in four separate clusters, which are key regulators of embryonic development, hematopoietic differentiation, and leukemogenesis. We aimed to study the role of DNA methylation as an inducer of HOX gene silencing in leukemia. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Three hundred and seventy-eight samples of myeloid and lymphoid leukemia were quantitatively analyzed (by COBRA analysis and pyrosequencing of bisulfite-modified DNA) for methylation of eight HOXA and HOXB cluster genes. The biological significance of the methylation identified was studied by expression analysis and through re-expression of HOXA5 in a chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) blast crisis cell line model. RESULTS: Here, we identify frequent hypermethylation and gene inactivation of HOXA and HOXB cluster genes in leukemia. In particular, hypermethylation of HOXA4 and HOXA5 was frequently observed (26-79%) in all types of leukemias studied. HOXA6 hypermethylation was predominantly restricted to lymphoid malignancies, whereas hypermethylation of other HOXA and HOXB genes was only observed in childhood leukemia. HOX gene methylation exhibited clear correlations with important clinical variables, most notably in CML, in which hypermethylation of both HOXA5 (P = 0.00002) and HOXA4 (P = 0.006) was strongly correlated with progression to blast crisis. Furthermore, re-expression of HOXA5 in CML blast crisis cells resulted in the induction of markers of granulocytic differentiation. CONCLUSION: We propose that in addition to the oncogenic role of some HOX family members, other HOX genes are frequent targets for gene inactivation and normally play suppressor roles in leukemia development. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17785556&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Sexual Dimorphism in Superantigen Shock Involves Elevated TNF-{alpha} and TNF-{alpha} induced Hepatic Apoptosis. A1 - Faulkner, L A1 - Altmann, DM A1 - Ellmerich, S A1 - Huhtaniemi, I A1 - Stamp, G A1 - Sriskandan, S J1 - Am J Respir Crit Care Med Y1 - 2007/09/01/ VL - 176 SN - 1073-449X SP - 473 EP - 482 N2 - Rationale: There is conflicting evidence regarding sex differences in the outcome from severe sepsis and toxic shock. Superantigen-mediated toxic shock affects a higher proportion of female patients. Objectives: The objective of the current study was to investigate sexual dimorphism in superantigen-associated sepsis and in superantigen-mediated shock and to identify the key mechanisms responsible for this sex difference. Methods: We measured mortality and serum cytokines after induction of sepsis with isogenic superantigen-positive and superantigen-negative Streptococcus pyogenes in HLA class II transgenics. During superantigen-mediated toxic shock, we measured mortality, T-cell responses, systemic tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF receptors, TNF-alpha-induced hepatocyte apoptosis, and conditioning of these responses by tamoxifen treatment. Measurements and Main Results: In both superantigen-associated sepsis and in superantigen-mediated shock, serum TNF-alpha was increased in females compared with males. This was not attributable to a detectable difference in splenic TNF-alpha transcription; rather, serum soluble TNF receptors were higher in males. Pretreatment of females with the estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen increased serum soluble TNF receptors, reduced the early serum TNF-alpha response, and improved mortality in females challenged with staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Lethal superantigen shock was characterized by hepatocyte apoptosis, and was reproduced by injection of TNF-alpha. Females had enhanced susceptibility to TNF-alpha-mediated lethality. TNF-alpha-induced hepatocyte apoptosis was greater in females, and was reduced by tamoxifen pretreatment. Conclusions: Sexual dimorphism in experimental superantigen toxic shock results from increased systemic TNF-alpha in females, coupled with an increased susceptibility to TNF-alpha-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. Both processes are abrogated by estrogen receptor modulators. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17575097&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Glenohumeral motion: review of measurement techniques. A1 - Hill, AM A1 - Bull, AM A1 - Dallalana, RJ A1 - Wallace, AL A1 - Johnson, GR J1 - Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 15 SN - 0942-2056 SP - 1137 EP - 1143 N2 - Measurement of upper limb motion is problematic, not least because of the large range of path dependent description of motion of the joints, and the multiple non-cyclical unstandardised motion tasks measured. Furthermore, appreciation of shoulder motion specifically is obscured by overlying soft tissue. In order to satisfy the complexity of a clinically useful model of the movement of the joint, input data must be acquired from a set of pre-determined movements using a non-invasive technique with a high level of accuracy. Descriptive and predictive modeling of the glenohumeral joint requires input of high-fidelity data into a 6 degree of freedom representation, without which, the application of the tool is of limited clinical significance to the advancement of both operative and non-operative management of shoulder pathology. Electromagnetic, linkage and radiographic techniques have previously been used, however, an optimal solution is yet to be described. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17431588&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Subtle metabolic and liver gene transcriptional changes underlie diet-induced fatty liver susceptibility in insulin-resistant mice. A1 - Toye, AA A1 - Dumas, ME A1 - Blancher, C A1 - Rothwell, AR A1 - Fearnside, JF A1 - Wilder, SP A1 - Bihoreau, MT A1 - Cloarec, O A1 - Azzouzi, I A1 - Young, S A1 - Barton, RH A1 - Holmes, E A1 - McCarthy, MI A1 - Tatoud, R A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Scott, J A1 - Gauguier, D J1 - Diabetologia Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 50 SN - 0012-186X SP - 1867 EP - 1879 N2 - AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Complex changes in gene expression are associated with insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) promoted by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD). We used functional genomic technologies to document molecular mechanisms associated with diet-induced NAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male 129S6 mice were fed a diet containing 40% fat (high-fat diet, HFD) for 15 weeks. Glucose tolerance, in vivo insulin secretion, plasma lipid profile and adiposity were determined. Plasma metabonomics and liver transcriptomics were used to identify changes in gene expression associated with HFD-induced NAFLD. RESULTS: In HFD-fed mice, NAFLD and impaired glucose and lipid homeostasis were associated with increased hepatic transcription of genes involved in fatty acid uptake, intracellular transport, modification and elongation, whilst genes involved in beta-oxidation and lipoprotein secretion were, paradoxically, also upregulated. NAFLD developed despite strong and sustained downregulation of transcription of the gene encoding stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (Scd1) and uncoordinated regulation of transcription of Scd1 and the gene encoding sterol regulatory element binding factor 1c (Srebf1c) transcription. Inflammatory mechanisms appeared to be stimulated by HFD. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our results provide an accurate representation of subtle changes in metabolic and gene expression regulation underlying disease-promoting and compensatory mechanisms, collectively contributing to diet-induced insulin resistance and NAFLD. They suggest that proposed models of NAFLD pathogenesis can be enriched with novel diet-reactive genes and disease mechanisms. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17618414&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Imaging early changes in proliferation at 1 week post chemotherapy: a pilot study in breast cancer patients with 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluorothymidine positron emission tomography. A1 - Kenny, L A1 - Coombes, RC A1 - Vigushin, DM A1 - Al-Nahhas, A A1 - Shousha, S A1 - Aboagye, EO J1 - Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 34 SN - 1619-7070 SP - 1339 EP - 1347 N2 - PURPOSE: 3'-Deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluorothymidine positron emission tomography ([(18)F]FLT-PET) has been developed for imaging cell proliferation and findings correlate strongly with the Ki-67 labelling index in breast cancer. The aims of this pilot study were to define objective criteria for [(18)F]FLT response and to examine whether [(18)F]FLT-PET can be used to quantify early response of breast cancer to chemotherapy. METHODS: Seventeen discrete lesions in 13 patients with stage II-IV breast cancer were scanned prior to and at 1 week after treatment with combination 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (FEC) chemotherapy. The uptake at 90 min (SUV(90)) and irreversible trapping (K (i)) of [(18)F]FLT were calculated for each tumour. The reproducibility of [(18)F]FLT-PET was determined in nine discrete lesions from eight patients who were scanned twice before chemotherapy. Clinical response was assessed at 60 days after commencing FEC. RESULTS: All tumours showed [(18)F]FLT uptake and this was reproducible in serial measurements (SD of mean % difference = 10.5% and 15.1%, for SUV(90) and K (i), respectively; test-retest correlation coefficient >/=0.97). Six patients had a significant clinical response (complete or partial) at day 60; these patients also had a significant reduction in [(18)F]FLT uptake at 1 week. Decreases in K (i) and SUV(90) at 1 week discriminated between clinical response and stable disease (p = 0.022 for both parameters). In three patients with multiple lesions there was a mixed [(18)F]FLT response in primary tumours and metastases. [(18)F]FLT response generally preceded tumour size changes. CONCLUSION: [(18)F]FLT-PET can detect changes in breast cancer proliferation at 1 week after FEC chemotherapy. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17333178&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia management: an update. A1 - Ngan, S A1 - Seckl, MJ J1 - Curr Opin Oncol Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 19 SN - 1040-8746 SP - 486 EP - 491 N2 - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia represents the malignant end of the gestational trophoblastic disease spectrum. This review updates readers on developments in the management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia over the past few years. RECENT FINDINGS: Progress has been made in elucidating the genetic changes that give rise to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The importance of accurate human chorionic gonadotrophin monitoring and the types of human chorionic gonadotrophin produced in cancer are also topical. Fortunately, most patients are cured with chemotherapy, and the choice of treatment schedule according to low-risk and high-risk prognostic groups is relatively unchanged. Indeed, most patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia are treated with single agent chemotherapy, and those who have high-risk disease with combination chemotherapy using etoposide, methotrexate and actinomycin D, alternating with cyclophosphamide and oncovine. For resistant disease, new paclitaxel-containing regimens appear better tolerated than etoposide and cisplatin alternating weekly with etoposide, methotrexate and actinomycin D. SUMMARY: Prognosis in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is now excellent following treatment. Virtually all patients with low-risk disease are cured, and survival is now 86% in high-risk patients. Optimization of treatment strategies for those who develop drug resistance remains a key challenge. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17762576&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A review of the management by hysterectomy of 25 cases of gestational trophoblastic tumours from March 1993 to January 2006. A1 - Doumplis, D A1 - Al-Khatib, K A1 - Sieunarine, K A1 - Lindsay, I A1 - Seckl, M A1 - Bridges, J A1 - Smith, JR J1 - BJOG Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 114 SN - 1471-0528 SP - 1168 EP - 1171 N2 - We reviewed 25 cases of gestational trophoblastic tumours referred for surgical management from Charing Cross Hospital (the London centre for gestational trophoblastic disease [GTD]) over a 13-year period. The operation performed was total abdominal hysterectomy, with lymph node sampling in 9/25 (36%) women and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in 11/25 (44%) women. Radical hysterectomy and unilateral parametrectomy was required in 3/25 (12%) women. Three of 25 (12%) women failed to survive, i.e. the overall rate of survival was 88%. Management by hysterectomy of primary drug-resistant and relapse cases of GTD is a useful and safe adjunct to chemotherapy. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17617194&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Multidisciplinary Crisis Simulations: The Way Forward for Training Surgical Teams. A1 - Undre, S A1 - Koutantji, M A1 - Sevdalis, N A1 - Gautama, S A1 - Selvapatt, N A1 - Williams, S A1 - Sains, P A1 - McCulloch, P A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Vincent, C J1 - World J Surg Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 31 SN - 0364-2313 SP - 1843 EP - 1853 N2 - BACKGROUND: High-reliability organizations have stressed the importance of nontechnical skills for safety and of regularly providing such training to their teams. Recently safety skills training has been applied in the practice of medicine. In this study, we developed and piloted a module using multidisciplinary crisis scenarios in a simulated operating theatre to train entire surgical teams. METHODS: Twenty teams participated (n = 80); each consisted of a trainee surgeon, anesthetist, operating department practitioner (ODP), and scrub nurse. Crisis scenarios such as difficult intubation, hemorrhage, or cardiac arrest were simulated. Technical and nontechnical skills (leadership, communication, team skills, decision making, and vigilance), were assessed by clinical experts and by two psychologists using relevant technical and human factors rating scales. Participants received technical and nontechnical feedback, and the whole team received feedback on teamwork. RESULTS: Trainees assessed the training favorably. For technical skills there were no differences between surgical trainees' assessment scores and the assessment scores of the trainers. However, nurses overrated their technical skill. Regarding nontechnical skills, leadership and decision making were scored lower than the other three nontechnical skills (communication, team skills, and vigilance). Surgeons scored lower than nurses on communication and teamwork skills. Surgeons and anesthetists scored lower than nurses on leadership. CONCLUSIONS: Multidisciplinary simulation-based team training is feasible and well received by surgical teams. Nontechnical skills can be assessed alongside technical skills, and differences in performance indicate where there is a need for further training. Future work should focus on developing team performance measures for training and on the development and evaluation of systematic training for technical and nontechnical skills to enhance team performance and safety in surgery. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17610109&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Comparison of clinical and economic outcomes of two antibiotic prophylaxis regimens for sternal wound infection in high-risk patients following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a prospective randomised double-blind controlled trial. A1 - Dhadwal, K A1 - Al-Ruzzeh, S A1 - Athanasiou, T A1 - Choudhury, M A1 - Tekkis, P A1 - Vuddamalay, P A1 - Lyster, H A1 - Amrani, M A1 - George, S J1 - Heart Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 93 SN - 1468-201X SP - 1126 EP - 1133 N2 - OBJECTIVE: Prospective studies show a 10% incidence of sternal wound infection (SWI) after 90 days of follow-up, compared with infection rates of 5% reported by the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System after only 30 days of follow-up. This incidence increases 2-3 times in high-risk patients. DESIGN: Prospective randomised double-blind controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Cardiothoracic centre, UK. PATIENTS: Patients were eligible if they were undergoing median sternotomy for primary isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, with at least one internal thoracic artery used for coronary grafting and having one or more of the following three risk factors: (1) obesity, defined as body mass index 30 kg/m(2); (2) diabetes mellitus; or (3) bilateral internal thoracic artery grafts (ie, the use of the other internal thoracic artery). INTERVENTIONS: The study group received a single dose of gentamicin 2 mg/kg, rifampicin 600 mg and vancomycin 15 mg/kg, with three further doses of 7.5 mg/kg at 12-hour intervals. The control group received cefuroxime 1.5 g at induction and three further doses of 750 mg at 8-hour intervals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was the incidence of SWI at 90 days. The secondary end point was the antibiotic and hospital costs. RESULTS: During the study period, 486 patients underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting with a 30-day SWI of 7.6%. 186 high-risk patients were recruited and analysed: 87 in the study group and 99 in the control group. 90-day SWI was significantly reduced in 8 patients in the study group (9.2%; 95% CI 3.5% to 15.3%) compared with 25 patients in the control group (25.2%; 95% CI 19.5% to 39.4%; p = 0.004). The study group had a significantly lower cost of antibiotics (21.2% reduction--US$96/patient; p<0.001), and a significantly lower hospital cost (20.4% reduction in cost--US$3800/patient; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Longer and broader-spectrum antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence of SWI in high-risk patients, with a significant economic benefit in costs of antibiotics as well as hospital costs. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17309908&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The Transcriptional Corepressor RIP140 Regulates Oxidative Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle. A1 - Seth, A A1 - Steel, JH A1 - Nichol, D A1 - Pocock, V A1 - Kumaran, MK A1 - Fritah, A A1 - Mobberley, M A1 - Ryder, TA A1 - Rowlerson, A A1 - Scott, J A1 - Poutanen, M A1 - White, R A1 - Parker, M J1 - Cell Metab Y1 - 2007/09// VL - 6 SN - 1550-4131 SP - 236 EP - 245 N2 - Nuclear receptor signaling plays an important role in energy metabolism. In this study we demonstrate that the nuclear receptor corepressor RIP140 is a key regulator of metabolism in skeletal muscle. RIP140 is expressed in a fiber type-specific manner, and manipulation of its levels in null, heterozygous, and transgenic mice demonstrate that low levels promote while increased expression suppresses the formation of oxidative fibers. Expression profiling reveals global changes in the expression of genes implicated in both myofiber phenotype and metabolic functions. Genes involved in fatty-acid oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial biogenesis are upregulated in the absence of RIP140. Analysis of cultured myofibers demonstrates that the changes in expression are intrinsic to muscle cells and that nuclear receptor-regulated genes are direct targets for repression by RIP140. Therefore RIP140 is an important signaling factor in the regulation of skeletal muscle function and physiology. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17767910&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Characterization of rodent models of HIV-gp120 and anti-retroviral-associated neuropathic pain. A1 - Wallace, VC A1 - Blackbeard, J A1 - Segerdahl, AR A1 - Hasnie, F A1 - Pheby, T A1 - McMahon, SB A1 - Rice, AS J1 - Brain Y1 - 2007/08/30/ SN - 1460-2156 N2 - A distal symmetrical sensory peripheral neuropathy is frequently observed in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1). This neuropathy can be associated with viral infection alone, probably involving a role for the envelope glycoprotein gp120; or a drug-induced toxic neuropathy associated with the use of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors as a component of highly active anti-retroviral therapy. In order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying drug-induced neuropathy in the context of HIV infection, we have characterized pathological events in the peripheral and central nervous system following systemic treatment with the anti-retroviral agent, ddC (Zalcitabine) with or without the concomitant delivery of HIV-gp120 to the rat sciatic nerve (gp120+ddC). Systemic ddC treatment alone is associated with a persistent mechanical hypersensitivity (33% decrease in limb withdrawal threshold) that when combined with perineural HIV-gp120 is exacerbated (48% decrease in threshold) and both treatments result in thigmotactic (anxiety-like) behaviour. Immunohistochemical studies revealed little ddC-associated alteration in DRG phenotype, as compared with known changes following perineural HIV-gp120. However, the chemokine CCL2 is significantly expressed in the DRG of rats treated with perineural HIV-gp120 and/or ddC and there is a reduction in intraepidermal nerve fibre density, comparable to that seen in herpes zoster infection. Moreover, a spinal gliosis is apparent at times of peak behavioural sensitivity that is exacerbated in gp120+ddC as compared to either treatment alone. Treatment with the microglial inhibitor, minocycline, is associated with delayed onset of hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli in the gp120+ddC model and reversal of some measures of thigmotaxis. Finally, the hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli was sensitive to systemic treatment with gabapentin, morphine and the cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2, but not with amitriptyline. These data suggests that both neuropathic pain models display many features of HIV- and anti-retroviral-related peripheral neuropathy. They therefore merit further investigation for the elucidation of underlying mechanisms and may prove useful for preclinical assessment of drugs for the treatment of HIV-related peripheral neuropathic pain. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17761732&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Quantification of the rat spinal microglial response to peripheral nerve injury as revealed by immunohistochemical image analysis and flow cytometry. A1 - Blackbeard, J A1 - O'dea, KP A1 - Wallace, VC A1 - Segerdahl, A A1 - Pheby, T A1 - Takata, M A1 - Field, MJ A1 - Rice, AS J1 - J Neurosci Methods Y1 - 2007/08/30/ VL - 164 SN - 0165-0270 SP - 207 EP - 217 N2 - Microgliosis is implicated in the pathophysiology of several neurological disorders, including neuropathic pain. Consequently, perturbation of microgliosis is a mechanistic and drug development target in neuropathic pain, which highlights the requirement for specific, sensitive and reproducible methods of microgliosis measurement. In this study, we used the spinal microgliosis associated with L5 spinal nerve transection and minocycline-induced attenuation thereof to: (1) evaluate novel software based semi-quantitative image analysis paradigms for the assessment of immunohistochemical images. Microgliosis was revealed by immunoreactivity to OX42. Several image analysis paradigms were assessed and compared to a previously validated subjective categorical rating scale. This comparison revealed that grey scale measurement of the proportion of a defined area of spinal cord occupied by OX42 immunoreactive cells is a robust image analysis paradigm. (2) Develop and validate a flow cytometric approach for quantification of spinal microgliosis. The flow cytometric technique reliably quantified microgliosis in spinal cord cell suspensions, using OX42 and ED9 immunoreactivity to identify microglia. The results suggest that image analysis of immunohistochemical revelation of microgliosis reliably detects the spinal microgliosis in response to peripheral nerve injury and pharmacological attenuation thereof. In addition, flow cytometry provides an alternative approach for quantitative analysis of spinal microgliosis elicited by nerve injury. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17553569&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - P-STAT1 mediates higher-order chromatin remodelling of the human MHC in response to IFN{gamma} A1 - Christova, R A1 - Jones, T A1 - Wu, PJ A1 - Bolzer, A A1 - Costa-Pereira, AP A1 - Watling, D A1 - Kerr, IM A1 - Sheer, D J1 - J Cell Sci Y1 - 2007/08/28/ SN - 0021-9533 N2 - Transcriptional activation of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) by IFNgamma is a key step in cell-mediated immunity. At an early stage of IFNgamma induction, chromatin carrying the entire MHC locus loops out from the chromosome 6 territory. We show here that JAK/STAT signalling triggers this higher-order chromatin remodelling and the entire MHC locus becomes decondensed prior to transcriptional activation of the classical HLA class II genes. A single point mutation of STAT1 that prevents phosphorylation is sufficient to abolish chromatin remodelling, thus establishing a direct link between the JAK/STAT signalling pathway and human chromatin architecture. The onset of chromatin remodelling corresponds with the binding of activated STAT1 and the chromatin remodelling enzyme BRG1 at specific sites within the MHC, and is followed by RNA-polymerase recruitment and histone hyperacetylation. We propose that the higher-order chromatin remodelling of the MHC locus is an essential step to generate a transcriptionally permissive chromatin environment for subsequent activation of classical HLA genes. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17726060&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Does the andropause exist? A1 - Perheentupa, A A1 - Huhtaniemi, I J1 - Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab Y1 - 2007/08/28/ SN - 1745-8374 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17724483&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Topographical Variation in Metabolic Signatures of Human Gastrointestinal Biopsies Revealed by High-Resolution Magic-Angle Spinning (1)H NMR Spectroscopy. A1 - Wang, Y A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Comelli, EM A1 - Fotopoulos, G A1 - Dorta, G A1 - Tang, H A1 - Rantalainen, MJ A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Corthésy-Theulaz, IE A1 - Fay, LB A1 - Kochhar, S A1 - Nicholson, JK J1 - J Proteome Res Y1 - 2007/08/21/ SN - 1535-3893 N2 - Individual and topographical variation in the metabolic profiles of multiple human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) biopsies have been characterized using high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS) 1H NMR spectroscopy and pattern recognition. Samples from antrum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and transverse colon were obtained from 8 male and 8 female participants. Each gut region generated a highly characteristic metabolic profile consistent with the varying structural and functional properties of the tissue at different longitudinal levels of the gut. The antral (stomach) mucosa contained higher levels of choline, glycogen, phosphorylethanolamine, and taurine than other gut regions. The spatially close regions of the duodenum and jejunum were equivalent in terms of their gross biochemical composition with high levels of choline, glutathione, glycerophosphocholine (GPC), and lipids relative to other gut regions. The ileal mucosa showed poor discrimination from the duodenum and jejunum tissues and generated strong amino acids signatures but had relative low GPC signals. The colon (large intestine) was high in acetate, glutamate, inositols, and lactate and low in creatine, GPC, and taurine compared to the small intestine. These longitudinal metabolic variations in the human GIT could be attributed to functional variations in energy metabolism, osmoregulation, gut microbial activity, and oxidative protection. This work indicates that 1H HRMAS NMR studies may be of value in analyzing local metabolic variation due to pathological processes in gut biopsies. Keywords: metabonomics * antrum * duodenum * jejunum * ileum * intestine * human * pattern recognition * biopsy * magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17711324&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Virological failure and subsequent resistance profiles in individuals exposed to atazanavir. A1 - Stebbing, J A1 - Nathan, B A1 - Jones, R A1 - McKenna, A A1 - Powles, T A1 - Bower, M A1 - Holmes, P A1 - Gazzard, B A1 - Nelson, M J1 - AIDS Y1 - 2007/08/20/ VL - 21 SN - 0269-9370 SP - 1826 EP - 1828 N2 - Few data exist regarding the resistance profile in individuals receiving atazanavir. We found that ritonavir-boosted atazanavir is not associated with the development of primary genotypic resistance in individuals failing this combination, without previous protease inhibitor failure. It is rarely associated with the acquisition of primary mutations in individuals with previous protease inhibitor exposure. This is particularly important because of the increasing use of atazanavir monotherapy, and implies that treatment failure is caused by lack of potency. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17690587&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The impact of chromatin modifiers on the timing of locus replication in mouse ES cells. A1 - Jorgensen, HF A1 - Azuara, V A1 - Amoils, S A1 - Spivakov, M A1 - Terry, A A1 - Nesterova, T A1 - Cobb, BS A1 - Ramsahoye, B A1 - Merkenschlager, M A1 - Fisher, AG J1 - Genome Biol Y1 - 2007/08/17/ VL - 8 SN - 1465-6914 SP - R169 EP - R169 N2 - ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The time of locus replication during S-phase is tightly regulated and correlates with chromatin state. Embryonic stem (ES) cells have an unusual chromatin profile where many developmental regulator genes, that are not yet expressed, are marked by both active and repressive histone modifications. This poised or bivalent state is also characterized by locus replication in early S-phase in ES cells, while replication timing is delayed in cells with restricted developmental options. RESULTS: Here we used a panel of mutant mouse ES cell lines lacking important chromatin modifiers to dissect the relationship between chromatin structure and replication timing. We show that temporal control of satellite DNA replication is sensitive to loss of a variety of chromatin modifiers including Mll, Eed, Dnmt1, Suv39h1/h2 and Dicer. The replication times of many single copy loci, including a 5 Mb contiguous region surrounding the Rex1 gene were retained in chromatin modifier mutant ES cells, although a subset of loci were affected. Conclusions; This analysis demonstrates the importance of chromatin modifiers for maintaining correct replication of satellite sequences in pluripotent ES cells and highlights the sensitivity of some single copy loci to the influence of chromatin modifiers. Abundant histone acetylation is shown to correlate well with early replication. Surprisingly, loss of DNA methylation or histone methylation was tolerated by many loci suggesting that these modifications may be less influential for the timing of euchromatin replication. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17705870&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Abnormal Preantral Folliculogenesis in Polycystic Ovaries is Associated with Increased Granulosa Cell Division. A1 - Stubbs, SA A1 - Stark, J A1 - Dilworth, SM A1 - Franks, S A1 - Hardy, K J1 - J Clin Endocrinol Metab Y1 - 2007/08/14/ SN - 0021-972X N2 - Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine disorder in women but its etiology remains obscure. Recent data suggest that an intrinsic abnormality of early follicle development in the ovary is key to the pathogenesis of PCOS. We have recently found that in PCOS the proportion of primordial follicles is decreased with a reciprocal increase in the proportion of primary follicles. Objective: To examine whether the accelerated transition of follicles from primordial to primary stages in polycystic ovaries is due to increased granulosa cell (GC) division. Design: Comparison of expression of minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2; present in the nuclei of cells which are licensed to divide) in archive tissue from normal and polycystic ovaries. Setting: Laboratory-based study. Patients: 16 women with regular cycles (6 with normal and 10 with polycystic ovaries) and 5 anovulatory women with polycystic ovaries (anovPCO), classified histologically, with reference to menstrual history and ultrasound. Main outcome measure: Presence of MCM2 expression in GCs of 1371 follicles. Results: GC proliferation was increased in anovPCO compared with both normal and ovPCO, with an increased proportion of preantral follicles with MCM2-positive GCs (P t, M1V, W80R, M173T) in ICP. W80R was not present in Caucasians and M1V was detected uniquely in 1 British case. M173T and -1g>t occur both in Caucasian cases and controls, and we found a significant association of M173T with ICP (OR, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-11.2; P = .02) when the allele frequencies of both Caucasian cohorts were analyzed together. We demonstrate functional defects in either translation efficiency or activity for 3 of the 4 variants (-1g>t, M1V, M173T). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of functional variants in FXR. We propose that these variants may predispose to ICP, and because FXR has a central role in regulating bile and lipid homeostasis they may be associated with other cholestatic and dyslipidemic disorders. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17681172&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Improving performance reliability in surgical systems A1 - Benn, J A1 - Healey, AN A1 - Hollnagel, E J1 - Cognition, Technology and Work Y1 - 2007/08/01/ PB - Springer N2 - Health care has evolved rapidly to meet the medical demands of society, but not to meet the demands of consistent operational safety. In other high risk domains in which the consequences of systems failure are unacceptable, organisational and operational work systems have been developed to deliver consistent, high-quality, failure-free performance. In this paper we review contributions to a special issue of Cognition, Technology and Work on ‘Enhancing Surgical Systems’. We consider their implications for improving the reliability of care processes in light of theoretical developments in the area of high-reliability organisations and resilience engineering. Health care must move from reactive safety cultures to be more proactively resilient to the continual threats posed by complexity in clinical care processes and the multi-professional hospital environment. Our analysis emphasises the importance of team working for reliable operational performance. A schematic framework to illustrate how safety interventions in surgery might cohere within an organisational strategy for achieving high-reliability is proposed. The implications for continuous quality improvement and effective regulation of system safety over differing time scales and organisational levels are discussed. L1 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/182521117h0q5486/?p=eb252c6e96d24e05883111915cb162b4&pi=0 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Lost in Translation. A1 - Wears, RL J1 - Ann Emerg Med Y1 - 2007/08/01/ SN - 1097-6760 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17681638&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Use of blood alcohol concentration in resuscitation room patients. A1 - Csipke, E A1 - Touquet, R A1 - Patel, T A1 - Franklin, J A1 - Brown, A A1 - Holloway, P A1 - Batrick, N A1 - Crawford, MJ J1 - Emerg Med J Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 24 SN - 1472-0213 SP - 535 EP - 538 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To clarify the use of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in the emergency department resuscitation room, by comparing it with a subsequent alcohol questionnaire and by surveying patients' attitudes to BAC testing. DESIGN: Observational study. PARTICIPANTS: 273 resuscitation room patients at St Mary's Hospital, Paddington between August 2005 and February 2006. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: BAC comparison to questionnaire results, and attitudes to BAC testing. RESULTS: The level of agreement between positive screening by questionnaire and a BAC of >80 mg/100 ml was low (kappa = 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.12 to 0.46) because each test measures different aspects of drinking. Patients accepted the use of BAC tests in detecting alcohol use, though a small minority reported concerns over confidentiality. CONCLUSION: Use of BAC testing complements later questionnaire screening to identify alcohol misuse in patients initially brought to the emergency department resuscitation room, providing results are fed back to the patient. Potential ethical, judicial and insurance concerns should not prevent the use of BAC when judged to be in the patient's best interest. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17652671&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Fertility-sparing partial hysterectomy for placental-site trophoblastic tumour. A1 - Pfeffer, PE A1 - Sebire, N A1 - Lindsay, I A1 - McIndoe, A A1 - Lim, A A1 - Seckl, MJ J1 - Lancet Oncol Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 8 SN - 1470-2045 SP - 744 EP - 746 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17679085&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Detailed analysis of variation at and around mitochondrial position 16189 in a large Finnish cohort reveals no significant associations with early growth or metabolic phenotypes at age 31 years. A1 - Das, S A1 - Bennett, AJ A1 - Sovio, U A1 - Ruokonen, A A1 - Martikainen, H A1 - Pouta, A A1 - Hartikainen, AL A1 - Franks, S A1 - Elliott, P A1 - Poulton, J A1 - Järvelin, MR A1 - McCarthy, MI J1 - J Clin Endocrinol Metab Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 92 SN - 0021-972X SP - 3219 EP - 3223 N2 - CONTEXT: Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly implicated in pathogenesis of adult metabolic disease. Rare mitochondrial (mt) DNA mutations impair glucose homeostasis, but the contribution of common variants is unclear. In small studies, variation within the OriB origin of replication (at mt16189 in particular) has been associated with both early growth and adult metabolic phenotypes and may contribute to life-course relationships between the two. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to study a large well-characterized cohort to determine whether previously reported small-scale associations between OriB sequence variation and early growth and adult metabolic phenotypes are robust. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: This was a genetic association study of 5470 individuals from the population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1966, followed prospectively from pregnancy to age 31 yr. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured indices of early growth (including birth weight, placental weight, and ponderal index) and adult metabolic homeostasis (including body mass index, fasting glucose and insulin, indices of insulin action and secretion) and their relationship to variation in the OriB region. RESULTS: Previously reported associations could not be confirmed. There were no significant (P < 0.01, uncorrected) associations between OriB sequence variation and measures of early growth including birth weight (P = 0.52, comparing individuals with mt16189T to those with a homopolymeric C-tract) and placental weight (P = 0.49). There were no significant associations with adult metabolic phenotypes including fasting glucose (P = 0.07), fasting insulin (P = 0.42), and homeostatic model assessment-derived measures of insulin sensitivity or secretion (P = 0.45 and P = 0.56, respectively). CONCLUSION: Despite substantial power to detect previously reported effects, mtDNA variations around OriB are not major contributors to variation in early growth and metabolic phenotypes during early adulthood. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17535991&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Outcome of endoscopic sphenopalatine artery occlusion for intractable epistaxis: a 10-year experience. A1 - Nouraei, SA A1 - Maani, T A1 - Hajioff, D A1 - Saleh, HA A1 - Mackay, IS J1 - Laryngoscope Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 117 SN - 0023-852X SP - 1452 EP - 1456 N2 - OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical sphenopalatine artery occlusion (SAO) for treating intractable epistaxis, and identify factors associated with long-term success or failure of this procedure. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing SAO surgery between January 1995 and 2005 was undertaken. Clinical and hematologic information, preoperative and surgical care, short-term complications, and long-term outcome were recorded. Binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for early re-bleeding, and log-rank statistics with Cox regression were used to identify risk factors for long-term operative failure. RESULTS: Sixty-seven patients underwent 71 SAO operations. The average age at surgery was 56 +/- 18 years. Thirty percent of patients were being treated for hypertension, 19% were taking aspirin, and 11% were anticoagulated with warfarin. Many patients (46%) had >72 hours of epistaxis before admission, and 25% required preoperative transfusion. There were 13 (19%) bilateral procedures, six patients underwent concomitant anterior ethmoid artery occlusion, and 12 patients had concomitant septoplasty. Eight patients had significant early re-bleeding. Platelet levels on admission and not using diathermy to occlude the sphenopalatine artery were independent risk factors for this (P values .03, and .02, respectively). Not using diathermy was also an independent risk factor for late operative failure on Cox regression, reducing the mean re-intervention-free interval from 94 +/- 7 to 32 +/- 7 months (P < .007; hazard ratio 6.4; 95% confidence interval 1.7-24.9). CONCLUSIONS: SAO is an effective operation and, in trained hands, an appropriate first-line procedure for treating intractable epistaxis. Use of diathermy significantly improves the short- and long-term outcome of this surgery. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17607148&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The effect of the palmitoylethanolamide analogue, palmitoylallylamide (L-29) on pain behaviour in rodent models of neuropathy. A1 - Wallace, VC A1 - Segerdahl, AR A1 - Lambert, DM A1 - Vandevoorde, S A1 - Blackbeard, J A1 - Pheby, T A1 - Hasnie, F A1 - Rice, AS J1 - Br J Pharmacol Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 151 SN - 0007-1188 SP - 1117 EP - 1128 N2 - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cannabinoids are associated with analgesia in acute and chronic pain states. A spectrum of central cannabinoid (CB(1)) receptor-mediated motor and psychotropic side effects limit their therapeutic potential. Here, we investigate the analgesic effect of the palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) analogue, palmitoylallylamide (L-29), which via inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) may potentiate endocannabinoids thereby avoiding psychotropic side effects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The in vivo analysis of the effect of L-29 on measures of pain behaviour in three rat models of neuropathic pain. KEY RESULTS: Systemically administered L-29 (10 mg kg(-1)) reduced hypersensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimuli in the partial sciatic nerve injury (PSNI) model of neuropathic pain; and mechanical hypersensitivity in a model of antiretroviral (ddC)-associated hypersensitivity and a model of varicella zoster virus (VZV)-associated hypersensitivity. The effects of L-29 were comparable to those of gabapentin (50 mg kg(-1)). The CB(1) receptor antagonist SR141716a (1 mg kg(-1)) and the CB(2) receptor antagonist SR144528 (1 mg kg(-1)) reduced the effect of L-29 on hypersensitivity in the PSNI and ddC models, but not in the VZV model. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha antagonist, MK-886 (1 mg kg(-1)), partially attenuated the effect of L-29 on hypersensitivity in the PSNI model. L-29 (10 mg kg(-1)) significantly attenuated thigmotactic behaviour in the open field arena without effect on locomotor activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: L-29 produces analgesia in a range of neuropathic pain models. This presents L-29 as a novel analgesic compound that may target the endogenous cannabinoid system while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with direct cannabinoid receptor activation. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17558434&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The effect of restorative proctocolectomy on sexual function, urinary function, fertility, pregnancy and delivery: a systematic review. A1 - Cornish, JA A1 - Tan, E A1 - Teare, J A1 - Teoh, TG A1 - Rai, R A1 - Darzi, AW A1 - Paraskevas, P A1 - Clark, SK A1 - Tekkis, PP J1 - Dis Colon Rectum Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 50 SN - 0012-3706 SP - 1128 EP - 1138 N2 - PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of restorative proctocolectomy on sexual function, urinary function, fertility, pregnancy, and delivery in patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed of articles published between 1980 and 2005 on patients undergoing restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis reporting data on the outcomes of interest. A random-effect, meta-analytical model was used for pooled estimates and 95 percent confidence intervals. RESULTS: A total of 22 studies, with 1,852 females, were included. Infertility rate was 12 percent before restorative proctocolectomy and 26 percent after, among 945 patients in seven studies. The incidence of sexual dysfunction was 8 percent preoperatively and 25 percent postoperatively (7 studies, n = 419). Two studies (n = 62) reported no urinary dysfunction in patients undergoing restorative proctocolectomy. There was an increased incidence of cesarean section after restorative proctocolectomy. During the third trimester of pregnancy, there was an increase in stool frequency by 1.15 stools per day compared with before pregnancy frequency (n = 49 95 percent confidence interval, 0.28-2.03 P = 0.01 chi-squared statistic, 0.04 P = 0.84). No significant differences were seen in pouch function after vaginal delivery (n = 456; weighted mean difference, 0.23; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.43-0.88; P = 0.49; chi-squared statistic, 1.29; P = 0.26). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of dyspareunia increases after restorative proctocolectomy. There was a decrease in fertility after restorative proctocolectomy. Pregnancy after restorative proctocolectomy was not associated with an increase in complications. There was an increase in stool frequency and pad usage during the third trimester. Vaginal delivery is safe after restorative proctocolectomy. Pouch function after delivery returns to pregestational function within six months. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17588223&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Complexity, risk and simulation in learning procedural skills. A1 - Kneebone, RL A1 - Nestel, D A1 - Vincent, C A1 - Darzi, A J1 - Med Educ Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 41 SN - 0308-0110 SP - 808 EP - 814 N2 - BACKGROUND: A complex chain of events underpins every clinical intervention, especially those involving invasive procedures. Safety requires high levels of awareness and vigilance. In this paper we propose a structured approach to procedural training, mapping each learner's evolving experience within a matrix of clinical risk and procedural complexity. We use a traffic light analogy to conceptualize a dynamic awareness of prevailing risk and the implications of moving between zones. THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTEXT: We argue that clinical exposure can be consolidated by simulation where appropriate, ensuring that each learner gains the skills for safe care within the increasingly limited time available for training. To be effective, however, such simulation must be realistic, patient-focused, structured and grounded in an authentic clinical context. Challenge comes not only from technical difficulty but also from the need for interpersonal skills and professionalism within clinical encounters. PATIENT FOCUSED SIMULATION: Many existing simulations focus on crises, so clinicians are in a heightened state of expectation that may not reflect their usual practice. We argue that simulation should also reflect commonly occurring non-crisis situations, allowing clinicians to develop an awareness of the complex events that underpin clinical encounters. We describe a patient-focused approach to simulation, using simulated patients and inanimate models within realistic scenarios, to ground experience in authentic clinical practice and bring together the complex elements that underpin clinical events. APPLICATIONS: Although our argument has evolved from surgical practice and operating theatre teams, we believe it can be widely applied to the increasing number of health care professionals who perform clinical interventions. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17661889&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Endonasal endoscopic approach to the petrous apex: an image-guided quantitative anatomical study. A1 - Chatrath, P A1 - Nouraei, SA A1 - De Cordova, J A1 - Patel, M A1 - Saleh, HA J1 - Clin Otolaryngol Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 32 SN - 1749-4478 SP - 255 EP - 260 N2 - BACKGROUND: The petrous apex is a relatively inaccessible region, deeply situated within the skull base. Removal of lesions from this area, traditionally accomplished via lateral approaches, can cause significant morbidity. We undertook an anatomical study to investigate the surgical anatomy of the petrous apex through an endonasal endoscopic approach, which has been sporadically described in the literature, to investigate its feasibility and to characterise clear and consistent surgical landmarks for access. METHODS: Cadaveric dissections were performed on five heads. Pre-dissection computed tomography scans were used, with the BrainLab navigation system, to verify entry into the petrous apex. Surgical landmarks were characterised in relation to fixed sphenoid sinus structures, and surgical access before and after drilling the sphenoid sinus rostrum was quantitatively compared. RESULTS: The landmark for entry into the petrous apex was the intersection of a vertical line halfway between the medial surface of the internal carotid artery and the midline, with a horizontal line one-third of the way up from the postero-inferior floor of the sphenoid sinus. The dimensions of the postero-superior sphenoid sinus were characterised by the inter-carotid distance, pituitary-to-sphenoid-floor distance and the width of the sphenoid sinus floor, which were 15 +/- 3 mm, 16 +/- 3 mm and 26 +/- 1.6 mm respectively. The surface area of surgical access was 193 +/- 28 mm(2), increasing to 316 +/- 39 mm(2) after drilling of the sphenoid rostrum (P < 0.001; paired t-test). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic approach to the petrous apex is anatomically feasible, and, aided by image navigation, could extend the scope of endonasal surgery to access highly-selected lesions in the middle cranial fossa. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17651266&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Combined proteomic and metabonomic studies in three genetic forms of the renal Fanconi syndrome. A1 - Vilasi, A A1 - Cutillas, PR A1 - Maher, AD A1 - Zirah, SF A1 - Capasso, G A1 - Norden, AW A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Unwin, RJ J1 - Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 293 SN - 0363-6127 SP - F456 EP - F467 N2 - The renal Fanconi syndrome is a defect of proximal tubular function causing aminoaciduria and low-molecular-weight proteinuria. Dent's disease and Lowe syndrome are defined X-linked forms of Fanconi syndrome; there is also an autosomal dominant idiopathic form (ADIF), phenotypically similar to Dent's disease though its gene defect is still unknown. To assess whether their respective gene products are ultimately involved in a common reabsorptive pathway for proteins and low-molecular-mass endogenous metabolites, we compared renal Fanconi urinary proteomes and metabonomes with normal (control) urine using mass spectrometry and (1)H-NMR spectroscopy, respectively. Urine from patients with low-molecular-weight proteinuria secondary to ifosfamide treatment (tubular proteinuria; TP) was also analyzed for comparison. All four of the disorders studied had characteristic proteomic and metabonomic profiles. Uromodulin was the most abundant protein in normal urine, whereas Fanconi urine was dominated by albumin. (1)H-NMR spectroscopic data showed differences in the metabolic profiles of Fanconi urine vs. normal urine, due mainly to aminoaciduria. There were differences in the urinary metabolite and protein compositions between the three genetic forms of Fanconi syndrome: cluster analysis grouped the Lowe and Dent's urinary proteomes and metabonomes together, whereas ADIF and TP clustered together separately. Our findings demonstrate a distinctive "polypeptide and metabolite fingerprint" that can characterize the renal Fanconi syndrome; they also suggest that more subtle and cause-specific differences may exist between the different forms of Fanconi syndrome that might provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms and cellular pathways affected. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17494094&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A method for measuring work interference in surgical teams A1 - Healey, AN A1 - Olsen, S A1 - Davis, RE A1 - Vincent, CA J1 - Cognition, Technology and Work Y1 - 2007/08/01/ PB - Springer N2 - To enhance surgical systems we need to manage the performance of the teams that comprise them. To do this we must measure the properties and processes of teams and account for the demands and conditions of their work. Recent research shows that observation is a potentially valuable method of measurement, but its potential application in surgery remains unclear. In this study of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, an observer applied observational measures of teamwork in the operating theatre and recorded intra-operative interference from observed distraction and interruption. Results showed that it was feasible to observe a broad scope of teamwork and to reveal the frequency and source of work interference. However, the measures were necessarily selective and so limited in their analysis of the conditions and events that might interfere with the collective work in surgery. Such measures may however prove useful when applied in conjunction with other methods of measurement and utilised as performance feedback data. L1 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/r1984q335772n520/?p=eb252c6e96d24e05883111915cb162b4&pi=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Sustained relief of leiomyoma symptoms by using focused ultrasound surgery. A1 - Stewart, EA A1 - Gostout, B A1 - Rabinovici, J A1 - Kim, HS A1 - Regan, L A1 - Tempany, CM J1 - Obstet Gynecol Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 110 SN - 0029-7844 SP - 279 EP - 287 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess several measures of the long-term outcome of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery for symptomatic uterine leiomyomata. METHODS: Data on 359 women completing 24-month follow-up in all clinical trials of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery for uterine leiomyomata were analyzed. Quality of life outcomes, measured by the symptom severity score of the Uterine Fibroid Symptoms Quality Of Life Questionnaire were assessed for 24 months after treatment. Clinical endpoints, including uterine shrinkage, the need for additional leiomyoma treatment, and the time to additional leiomyoma treatment, were all assessed. The nonperfused volume ratio after treatment, calculated from the gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging after treatment and the best measure of tissue necrosis after treatment, was used to assess outcome based on completeness of leiomyoma ablation. RESULTS: Women undergoing magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery for symptomatic uterine leiomyomata have durable symptom relief, as measured by the symptom severity score at 24 months, with significantly greater improvement with more complete ablation (P<.001). Survival analysis demonstrates a significant reduction in the percentage of women undergoing additional leiomyoma treatment (P=.001) in women in the high nonperfused volume group. The mean shrinkage and mean residual nonperfused volume ratio are both significantly above zero at 6 months in the high nonperfused volume group (P<.001). The incidence of adverse events is low. However, for women with minimal treatment, the risk of additional procedures is high. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery is an effective treatment for uterine leiomyomata and results in sustained symptomatic relief. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17666601&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - 'Time, gentlemen, please' for watchful waiting in prostate cancer? A1 - Kenny, LM A1 - Ngan, S A1 - Waxman, J J1 - BJU Int Y1 - 2007/08// VL - 100 SN - 1464-4096 SP - 244 EP - 246 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17550409&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - What is the Role of Leukocyte Depletion in Cardiac Surgery? A1 - Warren, O A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Athanasiou, T J1 - Heart Lung Circ Y1 - 2007/07/27/ SN - 1443-9506 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17660043&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Enhancing surgical systems A1 - Healey, A N A1 - Catchpole, K A1 - Yule, S J1 - Cognition, Technology and Work Y1 - 2007/07/26/ PB - Springer SN - 1435-5566 L1 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/9k76417748u13624/?p=0255316f9d504c969c5c873df658ddf3&pi=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Detection and quantification of minority HIV isolates harbouring the D30N mutation by real-time PCR amplification. A1 - Detsika, MG A1 - Chandler, B A1 - Khoo, SH A1 - Winstanley, C A1 - Cane, P A1 - Back, DJ A1 - Owen, A J1 - J Antimicrob Chemother Y1 - 2007/07/23/ SN - 0305-7453 N2 - Objectives HIV drug resistance is a major concern as the emergence of resistant strains of virus results in failure of first-line therapies with an associated increase in the cost of subsequent regimens. Genotypic resistance is currently assessed by direct sequencing and cannot detect resistant species below 20%. Real-time PCR amplification was assessed for its ability to detect the signature mutation for nelfinavir, D30N. Methods A real-time PCR assay was optimized for detection of low levels of D30N and tested on in vitro-generated nelfinavir-resistant isolates as well as 10 clinical isolates (which were also characterized by sequencing). Results The sensitivity of the assay was 1% and quantification was possible as low as 4% of the total viral population. Furthermore, this methodology enabled quantification of the 30N mutation in two isolates shown to be negative by sequencing. Conclusions Real-time PCR is a promising tool for the detection of minority species of HIV but further studies are required to determine the specificity of the assay in a larger and thus more diverse set of clinical isolates. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17650515&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Determinants of the anesthetic sensitivity of two-pore domain acid-sensitive potassium channels: molecular cloning of an anesthetic-activated potassium channel from lymnaea stagnalis. A1 - Andres-Enguix, I A1 - Caley, A A1 - Yustos, R A1 - Schumacher, MA A1 - Spanu, PD A1 - Dickinson, R A1 - Maze, M A1 - Franks, NP J1 - J Biol Chem Y1 - 2007/07/20/ VL - 282 SN - 0021-9258 SP - 20977 EP - 20990 N2 - Certain two-pore domain K(+) channels are plausible targets for volatile general anesthetics, yet little is known at the molecular level about how these simple agents cause channel activation. The first anesthetic-activated K(+) current I(K(An)) that was characterized was discovered in the mollusk Lymnaea stagnalis and is remarkable for both its sensitivity to general anesthetics and its stereoselective responses to anesthetic enantiomers (Franks, N. P., and Lieb, W. R. (1988) Nature 333, 662-664 and Franks, N. P., and Lieb, W. R. (1991) Science 254, 427-430). Here we report the molecular cloning of a two-pore domain K(+) channel LyTASK from L. stagnalis and show that, when expressed in HEK-293 cells, it displays the same biophysical characteristics as the anesthetic-activated K(+) current I(K(An)). Sequence analysis and functional properties show it to be a member of the TASK family of channels with approximately 47% identity at the amino acid level when compared with human TASK-1 and TASK-3. By using chimeric channel constructs and site-directed mutagenesis we have identified the specific amino acid 159 to be a critical determinant of anesthetic sensitivity, which, when mutated to alanine, essentially eliminates anesthetic activation in the human channels and greatly reduces activation in LyTASK. The L159A mutation in LyTASK disrupts the stereoselective response to isoflurane while having no effect on the pH sensitivity of the channel, suggesting this critical amino acid may form part of an anesthetic binding site. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17548360&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Role and Regulation of the Serum and Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinase 1 in Fertile and Infertile Human Endometrium. A1 - Feroze-Zaidi, F A1 - Fusi, L A1 - Takano, M A1 - Higham, J A1 - Salker, MS A1 - Goto, T A1 - Edassery, S A1 - Klingel, K A1 - Boini, KM A1 - Palmada, M A1 - Kamps, R A1 - Groothuis, PG A1 - Lam, EW A1 - Smith, SK A1 - Lang, F A1 - Sharkey, AM A1 - Brosens, JJ J1 - Endocrinology Y1 - 2007/07/19/ SN - 0013-7227 N2 - Using cDNA microarray analysis, we identified SGK1 (serum and glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1) as a gene aberrantly expressed in mid-secretory endometrium of women with unexplained infertility. SGK1 is a serine/threonine kinase involved primarily in epithelial ion transport and cell survival responses. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis of a larger, independent sample set timed to coincide with the period of uterine receptivity confirmed increased expression of SGK1 transcripts in infertile women compared to fertile controls. We further demonstrate that SGK1 expression is regulated by progesterone in human endometrium in vivo as well as in explant cultures. During the mid-secretory phase of the cycle, SGK1 mRNA and protein were predominantly but not exclusively expressed in the luminal epithelium and expression in this cellular compartment was higher in infertile women. In the stromal compartment, SGK1 expression was largely confined to decidualizing cells adjacent to the luminal epithelium. In primary culture, SGK1 was induced and phosphorylated upon decidualization of endometrial stromal cells in response to 8-bromo-cAMP and progestin treatment. Moreover, overexpression of SGK1 in decidualizing cells enhanced phosphorylation and cytoplasmic translocation of the forkhead transcription factor FOXO1 and inhibited the expression of PRL, a major decidual marker gene. Conversely, knockdown of endogenous SGK1 by small interfering RNA increased nuclear FOXO1 levels and enhanced PRL expression. The observation that SGK1 targets FOXO1 in differentiating human endometrium, together with its distinct temporal and spatial expression pattern and increased expression in infertile patients, suggest a major role for this kinase in early pregnancy events. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17640988&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Plasma pharmacokinetic evaluation of cytotoxic agents radiolabelled with positron emitting radioisotopes. A1 - Saleem, A A1 - Aboagye, EO A1 - Matthews, JC A1 - Price, PM J1 - Cancer Chemother Pharmacol Y1 - 2007/07/18/ SN - 0344-5704 N2 - PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of plasma pharmacokinetic analyses of anti-cancer agents from data obtained during positron emission tomography (PET) oncology studies of radiolabelled anti-cancer agents. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients were administered fluorine-18 radiolabelled 5-FU ([(18)F]5-FU) admixed with 5-FU, corresponding to a total 5-FU dose of 380-407 mg/m(2) (eight patients) and 1 mg/m(2) (five patients). Nine patients received 2.2-19.2 mug/m(2) of carbon-11 radiolabelled N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]acridine-4-carboxamide ([(11)C]DACA) at 1/1,000th of phase I dose, as part of phase 0 microdosing study. Radioactivity of parent drug obtained from arterial blood samples, the injected activity of the radiolabelled drug, and the total dose of injected drug were used to obtain plasma drug concentrations. Plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using model-dependent and model-independent methods. RESULTS: 5-FU plasma concentrations at therapeutic doses were above the Km and a single compartment kinetic model was best used to fit the kinetics, with a mean half-life of 8.6 min. Clearance and volumes of distribution (V (d)) obtained using both model-dependent and model-independent methods were similar. Mean (SE) clearance was 1,421(144), ml min(-1) and 1,319 (119) ml min(-1) and the mean (SE) V (d) was 17.3 (1.8) l and 16.3 (1.9) l by the model-independent method and model-dependent methods, respectively. In contrast, with 1 mg/m(2), plasma concentrations of 5-FU were less than the Km and a two-compartment model was used to best fit the kinetics, with the mean 5-FU half-life of 6.5 min. The mean (SE) clearances obtained by the model-independent method and model-dependent methods were 3,089 (314) ml min(-1) and 2,225 (200) ml min(-1), respectively and the mean (SE) V (d) were 27.9 (7.0) l and 2.3 (0.4) l, by the model independent and dependent methods, respectively. Extrapolation of AUC(0-Clast) to AUC(0-infinity) was less than 3% in both these cohort of patients. A two-compartment model with a mean half-life of 42.1 min was used to best fit the kinetics of DACA; considerable extrapolation (mean 26%) was required to obtain AUC(0-infinity) from AUC(0-Clast). Mean (SE) clearance of DACA was 1,920 (269) ml min(-1), with the model-independent method and 1,627 (287) ml min(-1) with the model-dependent method. Similarly, V (d) [mean (SE)] of DACA with the model-independent and model-dependent methods were 118 (22) l and 50 (15) l, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacokinetic parameters can be estimated with confidence from PET studies for agents given at therapeutic doses, whose half-lives are significantly less than the total sampling time during the scan. Tracer studies performed alone, wherein plasma levels below the Km are expected, may also provide valuable information on drug clearance for the entire range of linear kinetics. However, drugs with half-lives longer than the sampling duration are inappropriate for PET plasma pharmacokinetic evaluation. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17639391&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Amniotic fluid testosterone: relationship with cortisol and gestational age. A1 - Sarkar, P A1 - Bergman, K A1 - Fisk, NM A1 - O'connor, TG A1 - Glover, V J1 - Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) Y1 - 2007/07/18/ SN - 0300-0664 N2 - Introduction Foetal exposure to testosterone is increasingly implicated in the programming of future reproductive and nonreproductive behaviour. Some outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to testosterone may be predicted from exposure to prenatal stress, suggesting a link between them. The peak serum levels of testosterone in the foetus are thought to be around 14-18 weeks' gestation, and we explored testosterone levels at different gestations. Although best investigated in foetal plasma, this is now difficult because of the decline in frequency of foetal blood sampling; in this study, we used amniotic fluid as a biomarker to investigate foetal exposure. Aims To investigate the relationship between amniotic fluid testosterone, amniotic fluid cortisol, foetal gender, and gestational age. Methods Paired amniotic fluid and maternal plasma samples were collected from 264 pregnant women undergoing amniocentesis between 15 and 37 weeks' gestation (median 17 weeks [119 days]). Total testosterone and cortisol in amniotic fluid, and total plasma testosterone (maternal) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results Amniotic fluid testosterone levels were higher in male than in female foetuses, with a median (interquartile range) of 0.85 nmol/l (0.60-1.17 nmol/l) and 0.28 nmol/l (0.175-0.45 nmol/l), respectively. No relationship between amniotic fluid testosterone and gestational age was detected in either sex. Amniotic fluid testosterone correlated positively with amniotic fluid cortisol in both sexes (r = 0.30 male foetuses, r = 0.33 female foetuses, P < 0.001 for both), and remained significant in multivariate analysis. Conclusion Testosterone in amniotic fluid did not change with gestation in the second and third trimester, raising questions about the timing of the reported early peak in the male foetus. The positive correlation between cortisol and testosterone in amniotic fluid suggests that increased foetal exposure to cortisol may also be associated with increased exposure to testosterone. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17634075&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A phase II trial of docetaxel (Taxotere((R))) as second-line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer. A1 - Baur, M A1 - van Oosterom, AT A1 - Diéras, V A1 - Tubiana-Hulin, M A1 - Coombes, RC A1 - Hatschek, T A1 - Murawsky, M A1 - Klink-Alakl, M A1 - Hudec, M A1 - Dittrich, C J1 - J Cancer Res Clin Oncol Y1 - 2007/07/17/ SN - 0171-5216 N2 - The efficacy and tolerability of docetaxel 100 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks as second-line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer was investigated. In addition, the efficacy of a 3-day prophylaxis against cumulative dose-related fluid retention was examined with methylprednisolone 32 mg twice daily for 3 days starting 12 and 3 h before the docetaxel infusion together with oral cetirizine 10 mg 12 and 3 h before start of docetaxel for prevention of acute hypersensitivity reactions. According to the intent to treat-analysis 35% (95%CI: 25; 46) of the 94 patients entered responded to therapy. Their median survival was 12 months (range 0-20 months). The respective response rate for the 87 patients eligible for response evaluation was 37% (95%CI: 27; 48). Their median duration of response was 8 months (range 3-12 months), their median time to progression was 4 months (range 1-12 months). The corresponding response rate in the eligible patient cohort with anthracycline-resistant disease was 28% (95%CI: 15; 45) and increased to 44% (95%CI: 30; 59) in the cohort with non-anthracycline-resistant disease. Patients with visceral metastases responded in 36% and patients with >/=3 organs involved in 33%. In a retrospective analysis, the 3-day premedication of corticosteroids and antihistamines proved to be as effective as the established but more toxic 5-day regimen in delaying and preventing the occurrence of docetaxel derived toxicities especially the cumulative fluid retention. In conclusion, docetaxel represents one of the most active agents for second-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer, especially for anthracycline-resistant patients. Due to comparable effectiveness of the 5-day regimen which is widely used by others and the 3-day premedication tested in this trial the latter proved to be more favourable and was therefore recommended for future therapies. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17636328&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Neuronal Markers in Allergic Rhinitis: Expression and Correlation With Sensory Testing. A1 - O'hanlon, S A1 - Facer, P A1 - Simpson, KD A1 - Sandhu, G A1 - Saleh, HA A1 - Anand, P J1 - Laryngoscope Y1 - 2007/07/17/ VL - Publish Ahead of Print SN - 0023-852X N2 - INTRODUCTION:: Although the role of immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions in allergic rhinitis is well known, the relative contribution of sensory nerves to the symptoms of rhinitis is uncertain. This study looked at the level of specific neuronal markers including the nerve marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), sensory and autonomic neuropeptides, the capsaicin/heat receptor TRPV1, and nerve growth factor (NGF) in patients with allergic rhinitis and controls and their correlation with nasal sensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: Forty patients (23 controls, 17 rhinitis) having nasal surgery were recruited. Nasal sensitivity was tested using graded monofilaments. Inferior turbinate biopsies were collected and studied using immunohistology, with measurement of nerve fibers by direct observation or computerized image analysis. RESULTS:: Nerve fibers (PGP 9.5) in the epithelium, subepithelium, and glandular/vascular regions were significantly increased in allergic rhinitis (P = .037, <.01, and .04, respectively), as were subepithelial and glandular/vascular fibers immunoreactive for neuropeptide substance P (P = .04 subepithelium; .02 glandular/vascular) and neuropeptide tyrosine (P < .01 glandular/vascular), markers for sensory and sympathetic nerves, respectively. TRPV1 epithelial fiber counts were higher in rhinitis, but thiswas not statistically significant. Epithelial NGF immunoreactivity (% area) was significantly increased in rhinitis (P = .027). Nasal sensitivity was correlated significantly with PGP 9.5 subepithelial innervation (control touch P = .023, irritation P = .046; rhinitis touch P = .042, irritation P = .043). A correlation was also observed between epithelial NGF and subepithelial PGP 9.5 innervation, which included all subjects (P = .044). CONCLUSION: The increased number and specific phenotypical changes of sensory nerves may play a role in nasal hypersensitivity and provide new targets for the treatment of rhinitis. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17667132&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Effect of IGF-I on Healing of Colonic Anastomoses in Rats Under 5-FU Treatment. A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Demetriades, H A1 - Pramateftakis, MG A1 - Lambrou, I A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Zaraboukas, T A1 - Koliakos, G A1 - Kanellos, I A1 - Betsis, D J1 - J Surg Res Y1 - 2007/07/17/ SN - 0022-4804 N2 - BACKGROUND: The aim of this experimental study was to investigate whether insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) can protect the colonic healing from the adverse effects of intraperitoneal administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups of 20 rats each. Immediately after anastomoses were performed, rats in the control group were injected with 1 mL/100 gr of intraperitoneal saline solution, which was repeated daily until killed. Rats in the 5-FU and IGF-I +5-FU groups received 5-FU in a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally, from the day of operation until killed. Rats in the IGF-I and IGF-I +5-FU groups received IGF-I in a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally, immediately after the colonic anastomosis was performed and on 2nd, 4th, and 6th postoperative day. Rats were sacrificed on the 7th postoperative day. RESULTS: The dehiscence rate in the 5-FU group was 30% and it was significantly higher compared with the control and the IGF-I group (P = 0.020 for both comparisons). However, in the IGF-I +5-FU group, the dehiscence rate decreased to 10%. The administration of IGF-I resulted in a significant rise of bursting pressure in the IGF-I +5-FU group compared with the 5-FU group (P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference in bursting pressure between the IGF-I +5-FU and control groups (P = 1.000). The hydroxyproline levels were higher in the IGF-I and the IGF-I +5-FU groups as a result of the stimulating act of IGF-I. CONCLUSION: IGF-I, when given intraperitoneally, seems to mediate some of the adverse effects of 5-FU on the colonic healing in rats. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17640667&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Cortical control of erector spinae muscles during arm abduction in humans. A1 - Kuppuswamy, A A1 - Catley, M A1 - King, NK A1 - Strutton, PH A1 - Davey, NJ A1 - Ellaway, PH J1 - Gait Posture Y1 - 2007/07/16/ SN - 0966-6362 N2 - Abduction of one arm preferentially activates erector spinae muscles on the other side to stabilise the body. We hypothesise that the corticospinal drive to the arm abductors and the erector spinae may originate from the same hemisphere. In 18 subjects, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied using an angle double-cone coil placed symmetrically over the vertex. Motor evoked potentials (MEP) could not be evoked systematically seated at rest but could be evoked bilaterally in erector spinae muscles during unilateral arm abduction. TMS was applied at 110% and 120% motor threshold (MT) for the contralateral erector spinae muscle when an arm was abducted against resistance. The electromyographic (EMG) activity in the erector spinae at L4 vertebral level during contralateral arm abduction was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in the ipsilateral erector spinae. The mean (+/-S.E.M.) latencies of MEPs in the contralateral muscle to TMS at 120%MT (left 16.0+/-0.8ms; right 17.0+/-0.8ms) were significantly (P<0.05) longer than in the ipsilateral erector spinae (13.9+/-1.0ms; 16.6+/-0.4ms). In two of six subjects from the same group, it was possible to elicit MEPs by TMS applied selectively to one hemisphere using a figure-of-eight coil. MEPs ipsilateral to the TMS had longer latencies than contralateral MEPs. The study revealed an unexpectedly longer rather than shorter latency of the MEP recorded from the lumbar erector spinae muscles when co-activated during abduction of the opposite arm. A speculative explanation is that TMS might activate back muscles contralateral to arm abduction via an uncrossed, ipsilateral corticospinal tract that is slower conducting than the conventional crossed corticospinal tract. The study has implications for the design of measures to promote recovery and rehabilitation of motor function in disorders such as stroke and spinal cord injury. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17644335&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Experimental and analytical variation in human urine in 1H NMR spectroscopy-based metabolic phenotyping studies. A1 - Maher, AD A1 - Zirah, SF A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Nicholson, JK J1 - Anal Chem Y1 - 2007/07/15/ VL - 79 SN - 0003-2700 SP - 5204 EP - 5211 N2 - 1H NMR spectroscopy potentially provides a robust approach for high-throughput metabolic screening of biofluids such as urine and plasma, but sample handling and preparation need careful optimization to ensure that spectra accurately report biological status or disease state. We have investigated the effects of storage temperature and time on the 1H NMR spectral profiles of human urine from two participants, collected three times a day on four different days. These were analyzed using modern chemometric methods. Analytical and preparation variation (tested between -40 degrees C and room temperature) and time of storage (to 24 h) were found to be much less influential than biological variation in sample classification. Statistical total correlation spectroscopy and discriminant function methods were used to identify the specific metabolites that were hypervariable due to preparation and biology. Significant intraindividual variation in metabolite profiles were observed even for urine collected on the same day and after at least 6 h fasting. The effect of long-term storage at different temperatures was also investigated, showing urine is stable if frozen for at least 3 months and that storage at room temperature for long periods (1-3 months) results in a metabolic profile explained by bacterial activity. Presampling (e.g., previous day) intake of food and medicine can also strongly influence the urinary metabolic profiles indicating that collective detailed participant historical meta data are important for interpretation of metabolic phenotypes and for avoiding false biomarker discovery. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17555297&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Association of ICAM3 genetic variant with severe acute respiratory syndrome. A1 - Chan, KY A1 - Ching, JC A1 - Xu, MS A1 - Cheung, AN A1 - Yip, SP A1 - Yam, LY A1 - Lai, ST A1 - Chu, CM A1 - Wong, AT A1 - Song, YQ A1 - Huang, FP A1 - Liu, W A1 - Chung, PH A1 - Leung, GM A1 - Chow, EY A1 - Chan, EY A1 - Chan, JC A1 - Ngan, HY A1 - Tam, P A1 - Chan, LC A1 - Sham, P A1 - Chan, VS A1 - Peiris, M A1 - Lin, SC A1 - Khoo, US J1 - J Infect Dis Y1 - 2007/07/15/ VL - 196 SN - 0022-1899 SP - 271 EP - 280 N2 - Genetic polymorphisms have been demonstrated to be associated with vulnerability to human infection. ICAM3, an intercellular adhesion molecule important for T cell activation, and FCER2 (CD23), an immune response gene, both located on chromosome 19p13.3, were investigated for host genetic susceptibility and association with clinical outcome. A case-control study based on 817 patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), 307 health care worker control subjects, 290 outpatient control subjects, and 309 household control subjects unaffected by SARS from Hong Kong was conducted to test for genetic association. No significant association to susceptibility to SARS infection caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was found for the FCER2 and the ICAM3 single nucleotide polymorphisms. However, patients with SARS homozygous for ICAM3 Gly143 showed significant association with higher lactate dehydrogenase levels (P=.0067; odds ratio [OR], 4.31 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.37-13.56]) and lower total white blood cell counts (P=.022; OR, 0.30 [95% CI, 0.10-0.89]) on admission. These findings support the role of ICAM3 in the immunopathogenesis of SARS. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17570115&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Development of force measurement system for clinical use in minimal access surgery. A1 - Hanna, GB A1 - Drew, T A1 - Arnold, G A1 - Fakhry, M A1 - Cuschieri, A J1 - Surg Endosc Y1 - 2007/07/11/ SN - 1432-2218 N2 - BACKGROUND: Analysis of force in minimal access surgery (MAS) is important for instrument design, surgical simulators, and in the understanding of tissue trauma incurred during surgery. The aim of this study is to develop a force measuring system for use with different instruments in clinical practice. METHODS: Strain gauges were connected to both arms of a standard -5 mm interchangeable forceps handle. A rotational sensor was used to indicate the relative position of the handle arms, and consequently the jaws' position. A generic force-direction assembly was manufactured to determine the force direction at the port site. Interface electronics included signal conditioning and patient isolation circuits. Dedicated software was used for data acquisition, display, and analysis. To test their performance after sterilization, repeated force measures were obtained with the instruments after 10 cycles of autoclaving. Graduated weights were used to calibrate the strain gauges and a spring balance was employed to calibrate the force applied at the instrument tip. Calibration tests were also carried out to determine the effect of mounting the force direction assembly onto the access port. RESULTS: Gripping, dissecting, pushing, and pulling forces, along with the vector sum of forces acting at the port site, were synchronously displayed with the operative video record. Repeated autoclaving caused no deterioration in force sensing or signal transmission. The accuracy of the strain gauge readings was +/-0.05 V for the jaw force and +/-0.1 V for the force at the access port. The additional force created by the force direction assembly force was 7% of the port force alone. CONCLUSION: Force measurement system has been developed for clinical use. The system measures the gripping, dissecting, pulling and pushing forces as well as the force vector at port site. It also determines the position of instrument's jaws. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17623237&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Neurochemical characterization of insulin receptor-expressing primary sensory neurons in wild-type and vanilloid type 1 transient receptor potential receptor knockout mice. A1 - Baiou, D A1 - Santha, P A1 - Avelino, A A1 - Charrua, A A1 - Bacskai, T A1 - Matesz, K A1 - Cruz, F A1 - Nagy, I J1 - J Comp Neurol Y1 - 2007/07/10/ VL - 503 SN - 0021-9967 SP - 334 EP - 347 N2 - The insulin receptor (IR) is expressed by a subpopulation of primary sensory neurons (PSN), including a proportion of cells expressing the nociceptive transducer vanilloid type 1 transient receptor potential receptor (TRPV1). Recent data suggest functional links between the IR and other receptors, including TRPV1, which could be involved in the development of PSN malfunctions in pathological insulin secretion. Here we used combined immunohistochemical labelling on sections from L4-5 dorsal root ganglia of wild-type (WT) and TRPV1 knockout (KO) mice to examine the neurochemical properties of IR-expressing PSN and the possible effect of deletion of TRPV1 on those characteristics. We found that antibodies raised against the high-molecular-weight neurofilament (NF-200) and the neurofilament protein peripherin distinguished between small and large neurons. We also found that the IR was expressed predominantly by the small peripherin-immunopositive cells both in the WT and in the KO animals. IR expression, however, did not show any preference between the major subpopulations of the small cells, the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-expressing and Bandeiraea simplicifolia isolectin B4 (IB4)-binding neurons, either in the WT or in the KO mice. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of the IR-expressing cells also expressed TRPV1. Comparison of the staining pattern of these markers showed no difference between WT and KO animals. These findings indicate that the majority of the IR-expressing PSN are small neurons, which are considered as nociceptive cells. Furthermore, these data show that deletion of the TRPV1 gene does not induce any additional changes in neurochemical phenotype of nociceptive PSN. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17492627&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Effect of bisphenol A on human chorionic gonadotrophin-stimulated gene expression of cultured mouse Leydig tumour cells. A1 - Takamiya, M A1 - Lambard, S A1 - Huhtaniemi, IT J1 - Reprod Toxicol Y1 - 2007/07/10/ SN - 0890-6238 N2 - Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been reported to affect the reproductive system of various animal species. However, their specific effects and modes of action on gonadal function remain largely unclear. We studied the effects of a model EDC, bisphenol A (BPA), on human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)-stimulated global gene expression of cultured mouse Leydig tumour cells (mLTC-1). The time and dose of BPA exposure were set after semiquantitative (sq) RT-PCR analysis of response of candidate genes (StAR, Cyp17a1 and AR) to 3h at 10mug/l hCG+/-10(-5)M BPA. Affymetrix microarray analysis demonstrated >/=1.5-fold up-regulation of 8- and or=20 mm in diameter without compromising safety. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that may be predictive of the risk of polyp recurrence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the outcome of 161 polyps >or=20 mm in diameter, treated by piecemeal EMR at a single centre using the "lift and cut" technique. All records were reviewed for polyp size, site, morphology and histology. Polypectomy technique, patient follow-up, polyp recurrence and surgical interventions were also recorded. RESULTS: Over an 8-year period, 161 colonic polyps measuring >or=20 mm were removed by EMR. Follow-up data were available for 149 cases (93%) with a mean polyp diameter of 32.5 mm; the total success rate of endoscopic polyp removal was 95.4%. The number of cases requiring 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 attempts at EMR was 89 (60%), 36 (24%), 14 (9%), 2 (1.3%) and 1 (0.7%), respectively. Recurrence was significantly related to polyp size (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant relationship between site and recurrence. Seven patients (4.6%) underwent surgical intervention after EMR because of failed clearance. There were no post-EMR perforations and significant bleeding was reported in only two patients (1.7%). CONCLUSIONS: With careful attention to technique, piecemeal EMR is a safe option for the resection of most sessile and flat colorectal polyps >or=20 mm in size. A stricter follow-up may be required for larger lesions because of a higher risk of recurrence. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17558911&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Observational teamwork assessment for surgery (OTAS): refinement and application in urological surgery. A1 - Undre, S A1 - Sevdalis, N A1 - Healey, AN A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Vincent, CA J1 - World J Surg Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 31 SN - 0364-2313 SP - 1373 EP - 1381 N2 - BACKGROUND: Teamwork in surgical teams is at the forefront of good practice guidelines and empirical research as an important aspect of safe surgery. We have developed a comprehensive assessment for teamwork in surgery-the Observational Teamwork Assessment for Surgery (OTAS)-and we have tested it for general surgical procedures. The aim of the research reported here was to extend the assessment to urology procedures. METHODS: After refining the original assessment, we used it to observe 50 urology procedures. The OTAS comprises a procedural task checklist that assesses patient, equipment/provisions, and communication tasks as well as ratings on five team behavior constructs (communication, cooperation, coordination, leadership, and monitoring). Teamwork was assessed separately in the surgical, anesthesia, and nursing subteams in the operating theater. We also assessed the reliability of the behavioral scoring. RESULTS: Regarding task completion, a number of communication and equipment/provisions tasks were not routinely performed during the operations we observed. Regarding teamwork-related behaviors, adequate reliability was obtained in the scoring of behaviors. Anesthetists and nurses obtained their lowest scores on communication. Surgeons' scores revealed a more complex pattern. In addition to low scores on communication, surgeons' teamwork behaviors appeared to deteriorate as the procedures were finishing. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that OTAS is applicable to various branches of surgery. Separate assessment of the subteams in the operating theater provides useful information that can be used to build targeted teamwork training aiming to improve surgical patients' safety and outcomes. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17487527&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Major abdominal surgery increases plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor: open more so than minimally invasive methods. A1 - Prabhudesai, SG A1 - Leong, J A1 - Ziprin, P J1 - Ann Surg Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 246 SN - 0003-4932 SP - 160 EP - 161 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17592305&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Multiple perspectives on diagnosis delay for tuberculosis from key stakeholders in poor rural China: case study in four provinces. A1 - Yan, F A1 - Thomson, R A1 - Tang, S A1 - Squire, SB A1 - Wang, W A1 - Liu, X A1 - Gong, Y A1 - Zhao, F A1 - Tolhurst, R J1 - Health Policy Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 82 SN - 0168-8510 SP - 186 EP - 199 N2 - This study aims to understand the contextual barriers to accessing timely TB diagnosis after first seeking care, especially among the poor and vulnerable in rural China. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to elicit the experiences and perspectives of TB patients and suspected TB patients, community residents, health providers and policy makers in poor, rural areas of four provinces. Between 30 and 60% of patients across the four provinces experienced a delay in receiving a diagnosis after first seeking care. Most patients had to visit health facilities more than once before diagnosis, with 17-30% patients making more than 6 visits. These delays and multiple visits mainly occurred because of the limited capacity of health providers to recognize TB, and financial disincentives to refer patients to TB dispensaries, due to the pressures of the cost recovery system. Poverty and socio-economic disadvantage amongst patients also influenced their capability to seek further care to obtain a reliable diagnosis. Qualitative data showed that women and the elderly patients were likely to experience more 'system' delay, and these findings were to some extent supported by the survey. The study concludes that 'system' delay is a serious problem, which is influenced by the financing mechanisms for both TB control and general health services as well as poverty and disadvantage amongst patients. This requires a comprehensive strategy to shorten 'system' delay in order to enable successful DOTS expansion, including developing appropriate financing mechanisms to improve general provider capacity and encourage referral, as well as measures to improve financial and social access to services for potential TB patients. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17055105&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Does systemic leukocyte filtration affect perioperative hemorrhage in cardiac surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis. A1 - Warren, O A1 - Wallace, S A1 - Massey, R A1 - Tunnicliffe, C A1 - Alexiou, C A1 - Powell, J A1 - Meisuria, N A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Athanasiou, T J1 - ASAIO J Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 53 SN - 1538-943X SP - 514 EP - 521 N2 - Cardiopulmonary bypass causes a systemic inflammatory reaction. Activation of leukocytes is an important part of this process, and is known to directly contribute to the development of postoperative coagulopathy, and thus hemorrhage. The removal of leukocytes from the cardiopulmonary bypass circulation, using specialized filters, has been proposed as one method for attenuating this inflammatory response. However, there is no consensus on its effectiveness. We used meta-analytical techniques to systematically assess the literature reporting on the potential effect of systemic leukofiltration on perioperative hemorrhage. Random effects modeling was used to calculate overall estimate, and heterogeneity was assessed. Systemic leukofiltration made no significant impact on chest tube drainage in the first 24 hours (weighted mean difference [WMD], x23.9 ml; 95% confidence interval [CI], x95.48-47.61; p = 0.51) or on the total packed red cell transfusion requirements of each patient (WMD, 7.84 ml; 95% CI, x80.13-95.81; p = 0.86). The studies performed in this area thus far are highly heterogeneous, due in part to relatively poor-quality design and inadequate matching of their study groups. Although further high-quality trials on systemic leukofiltration may be appropriate, other strategies to reduce the coagulopathy associated with cardiopulmonary bypass should be sought and evaluated. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17667241&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Placental site trophoblastic tumor with an ovarian metastasis. A1 - Milingos, D A1 - Doumplis, D A1 - Savage, P A1 - Seckl, M A1 - Lindsay, I A1 - Smith, JR J1 - Int J Gynecol Cancer Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 17 SN - 1048-891X SP - 925 EP - 927 N2 - Placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTT) are the rarest form of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). The clinical management of PSTT differs from the other forms of GTD as surgery plays a more important role. The most common metastatic sites are the lung, liver, and vagina while spread to the adnexa is relatively unusual. We describe a case of a 35-year-old woman presenting with PSTT and ovarian metastasis who was successfully treated with radical hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, pelvic lymph node dissection, and postoperative chemotherapy. The case highlights the possibility of ovarian metastases despite normal preoperative imaging and confirms the value of multidisciplinary management of this rare illness. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17343608&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Visfatin expression is hormonally regulated by metabolic and sex hormones in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipocytes. A1 - MacLaren, R A1 - Cui, W A1 - Cianflone, K J1 - Diabetes Obes Metab Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 9 SN - 1462-8902 SP - 490 EP - 497 N2 - AIM: The novel adipokine visfatin has 'insulin-mimicking' effects and is increased in models of diet-induced obesity, but factors that regulate visfatin have not been fully elucidated. METHODS: In order to determine visfatin regulation in adipocyte development and metabolism, as well as in pathophysiological conditions related to metabolic syndrome, endogenous visfatin expression was measured in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and adipocytes using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). RESULTS: A marked increase in visfatin expression was observed during differentiation, with a 2.2-fold increase between preconfluent and 2-day confluent cells even before differentiation was initiated. A further 4.1-fold increase was induced from day 0 to day 9 of differentiation (overall ninefold). Overnight incubation with dexamethasone (10(-8) to 10(-2) M) increased visfatin expression in both pre-adipocytes (1.5- to 3.3-fold, p < 0.05) and adipocytes (1.9-fold, p < 0.01). All other treatments decreased visfatin expression. In pre-adipocytes, visfatin expression decreased by 23% at a concentration of 1 microM insulin, 15% at 1-15 nM T3, 15% at 10 nM-1 microM progesterone, 33-44% at 10 nM-1 microM testosterone, 50% with palmitate and 30% with oleate (p < 0.05 for all). In adipocytes, insulin had a much greater effect, decreasing visfatin by 77% at 100 nM (p < 0.01), whereas oleate and sex hormones did not affect visfatin expression. However, tumor necrosis factor alpha, which had no effect on pre-adipocytes, significantly decreased visfatin in adipocytes by 26% at 10 ng/ml (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the thiazolidinedione (TZD) rosiglitizone also decreased visfatin by 28% at a concentration of 1 microM (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In summary, while the mechanism of visfatin action remains to be elucidated, the clear effects of multiple hormones on visfatin expression support a physiological role. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17587391&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Metabonomics in Diabetes Research A1 - Faber, JH A1 - Malmodin, D A1 - Toft, H A1 - Maher, A A1 - Crockford, D A1 - Holmes, EC A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Dumas, ME A1 - Baunsgaard, D J1 - J Diabetes Sci Technol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 1 SP - 549 EP - 557 N2 - Metabonomics has been defined as “quantitative measurement of the dynamic multiparametric metabolic response of living systems to pathophysiological stimuli or genetic modification” and can provide information on disease processes, drug toxicity, and gene function. In this approach many samples of biological origin (biofluids such as urine or plasma) are analyzed using techniques that produce simultaneous detection. A variety of analytical metabolic profiling tools are used routinely, are also currently under development, and include proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry with a prior online separation step such as high-performance liquid chromatography, ultra-performance liquid chromatography, or gas chromatography. Data generated by these analytical techniques are often combined with multivariate data analysis, i.e., pattern recognition, for respectively generating and interpreting the metabolic profiles of the investigated samples. Metabonomics has gained great prominence in diabetes research within the last few years and has already been applied to understand the metabolism in a range of animal models and, more recently, attempts have been done to process complex metabolic data sets from clinical studies. A future hope for the metabonomic approach is the identification of biomarkers that are able to highlight individuals likely to suffer from diabetes and enable early diagnosis of the disease or the identification of those at risk. This review summarizes the technologies currently being used in metabonomics, as well as the studies reported related to diabetes prior to a description of the general objective of the research plan of the metabonomics part of the European Union project, Molecular Phenotyping to Accelerate Genomic Epidemiology. L1 - http://www.journalofdst.org/index.html ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Differential roles of p55 and p75 tumor necrosis factor receptors on stretch-induced pulmonary edema in mice. A1 - Wilson, MR A1 - Goddard, ME A1 - O'Dea, KP A1 - Choudhury, S A1 - Takata, M J1 - Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 293 SN - 1040-0605 SP - L60 EP - L68 N2 - Ventilator-induced lung injury plays a crucial role in the outcome of patients with acute lung injury. Previous studies have shown a role for the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) in stretch-induced alveolar neutrophil recruitment, but the involvement of TNF in stretch-induced pulmonary edema is unclear. We investigated the effects of TNF through its individual p55 and p75 receptors on early pulmonary edema formation during high stretch ventilation, before neutrophil infiltration. Anesthetized wild-type or TNF receptor single/double knockout mice were ventilated with high tidal volume ( approximately 38 ml/kg) for 2 h or until they developed arterial hypotension. Pulmonary edema was assessed by physiological parameters including respiratory mechanics and blood gases, and by lavage fluid protein, lung wet:dry weight ratio, and lung permeability measurements using fluorescence-labeled albumin. High stretch ventilation in wild-type and TNF receptor double knockout animals induced similar pulmonary edema, and only 25-30% of mice completed the protocol. In contrast, the p55 receptor knockout mice were strongly protected from edema formation, with all animals completing the protocol. Myeloperoxidase assay indicated that this protective effect was not associated with decreased pulmonary neutrophil sequestration. The p75 receptor knockout mice, however, displayed increased susceptibility to edema formation, and no animals survived the full 2 h. These results demonstrate a novel role for TNF signaling (independent from its effects on neutrophil recruitment) specifically through the p55 receptor, in promoting high stretch-induced pulmonary edema, whereas p75 signaling may play an opposing role. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17435079&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A Meta-Analysis of Quality of Life for Abdominoperineal Excision of Rectum versus Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer. A1 - Cornish, JA A1 - Tilney, HS A1 - Heriot, AG A1 - Lavery, IC A1 - Fazio, VW A1 - Tekkis, PP J1 - Ann Surg Oncol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 14 SN - 1068-9265 SP - 2056 EP - 2068 N2 - BACKGROUND: Avoiding a permanent stoma following rectal cancer excision is believed to improve quality of life (QoL), but evidence from comparative studies is contradictory. The aim of this study was to compare QoL following abdominoperineal excision of rectum (APER) with that after anterior resection (AR) in patients with rectal cancer. METHODS: A literature search was performed to identify studies published between 1966 and 2006 comparing values of QoL following APER and AR. Random-effect meta-analysis was used to combine the data. Sensitivity analyses were performed for larger studies, those of higher quality and those using self-administered QoL questionnaires. RESULTS: The outcomes for 1,443 patients from 11 studies, of whom 486 (33%) underwent APER, were included. QoL assessments were made at periods of up to 2 years following surgery. There was no significant difference in global health scores between APER and AR. Vitality (WMD -9.82; 95% CI -27.01, -2.04, P = 0.01) and sexual function (WMD -2.73; 95% CI -4.93, -0.64, P = 0.01) were improved in the AR patients. Patients with low AR had improved physical function scores in comparison with APER patients (WMD -4.67; 95% CI -9.10, -0.23; P = 0.004). Cognitive (WMD 3.57; 95% CI 1.41, 5.73; P < 0.001) and emotional function scores (WMD 3.51; 95% CI 1.40, 5.62; P < 0.001) were higher for APER patients. CONCLUSION: Overall, when comparing APER with AR, we identified no differences in general QoL following the procedures. Individualisation of care for rectal cancer patients is essential, but a policy of avoidance of APER cannot currently be justified on the grounds of QoL alone. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17431723&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Management and outcome of healthy women with a persistently elevated beta-hCG. A1 - Palmieri, C A1 - Dhillon, T A1 - Fisher, RA A1 - Young, AM A1 - Short, D A1 - Mitchell, H A1 - Aghajanian, C A1 - Savage, PM A1 - Newlands, ES A1 - Hancock, BW A1 - Seckl, MJ J1 - Gynecol Oncol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 106 SN - 0090-8258 SP - 35 EP - 43 N2 - PURPOSE: Raised serum beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) not due to pregnancy can occur as a consequence of (1) gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), (2) non-gestational trophoblastic tumours, (3) a false-positive beta-hCG, (4) the menopause or (5) a high normal level. Accurate differentiation between these causes is vital to avoid potentially inappropriate investigations and therapies, which may induce infertility or other serious adverse events. Here we report the United Kingdom experience of patients with an elevated beta-hCG of initial uncertain cause and provide a clinical algorithm for the management of such cases. METHOD: The Charing Cross and Weston Park Hospital GTN databases were screened to identify patients referred with an elevated beta-hCG who were not pregnant and had no previous diagnosis of GTN. RESULTS: Between 1981 and 2004 fourteen women presented with persistently raised serum beta-hCG resulting in diagnostic problems. False-positive beta-hCG was excluded in all. Three patients developed gestational choriocarcinoma after 9-29 months. However, in 11 women no cause for the persistently elevated beta-hCG was found. One of these achieved chemotherapy-induced normalisation of serum beta-hCG, but the remaining 10 underwent surgery and/or chemotherapy without benefit. Thus, 71% (10/14) of patients remain well with unexplained elevated beta-hCG levels. CONCLUSION: Elevated serum and urinary beta-hCG levels in healthy women should be investigated systematically to exclude an underlying malignant process and to avoid inappropriate surgical and medical intervention. Long-term follow-up is required as tumours may not become apparent for many months or years. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17482245&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Role of APAF-1, E-cadherin and peritumoral lymphocytic infiltration in tumour budding in colorectal cancer. A1 - Zlobec, I A1 - Lugli, A A1 - Baker, K A1 - Roth, S A1 - Minoo, P A1 - Hayashi, S A1 - Terracciano, L A1 - Jass, JR J1 - J Pathol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 212 SN - 0022-3417 SP - 260 EP - 268 N2 - Tumour budding or dedifferentiation at the invasive margin of colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important prognostic marker and linked mechanistically to dysregulation of Wnt pathway signalling. Since budding is observed in only 40% of CRCs, we hypothesized that Wnt pathway dysregulation may be a necessary but insufficient explanation for budding and that buds may be destroyed selectively by tumour immune mechanisms. Twenty potential markers of tumour budding were evaluated in tissue microarrays (TMAs) obtained from the main tumour body of 1164 DNA mismatch repair-proficient CRCs and the findings were correlated with tumour budding, lymphocytic infiltration and survival. Loss of expression of E-cadherin and APAF-1 were independent predictors of budding (sensitivity 70.3% and specificity 48.2% when one or the other was lost). Peritumoral lymphocytes (PTLs) were observed more frequently in CRCs with loss of either E-cadherin or APAF-1 that were budding-negative. PTLs and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were strongly correlated. The absence of TILs increased the adverse prognostic impact of E-cadherin and APAF-1 loss. Co-occurrence of E-cadherin loss, APAF-1 loss and low TIL counts in CRCs was an independent prognostic factor. The findings were verified in whole tissue sections from 88 CRCs with known KRAS mutation status (which was not associated with budding). Loss of E-cadherin and APAF-1 within the main body of CRCs are independent predictors of tumour budding. The prognostic benefit of lymphocytic infiltration may be explained by the immune destruction of budding cells. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17516584&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Mouse embryonic stem cell engrafment in healthy and injured mouse lung A1 - Lane, S A1 - Rippon, H A1 - Takata, M A1 - Mahadeva, R A1 - Bishop, AE J1 - TISSUE ENG Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 13 SN - 1076-3279 SP - 1731 EP - 1731 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Rights theory in a specific healthcare context: "speaking ill of the dead". A1 - Wildfire, A A1 - Stebbing, J A1 - Gazzard, B J1 - Postgrad Med J Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 83 SN - 1469-0756 SP - 473 EP - 477 N2 - Generally physicians have a legal and ethical obligation of keeping confidentiality regarding their communication with patients and it is clear that we all have rights. The application of rights theorem, which usually refers to the recognition of individual human rights, to the deceased offers possible answers to the problematic question of patient confidentiality after death. Philosophical considerations broadly support utilitarian ideals concerning the 'common good'. However, it may be possible to rank rights according to a hierarchy of need and thus preserve individual rights where they do not impinge upon the public's right to protection from harm and the physician's right to tell the truth. This has broad implications for confidentiality, anonymity and health care information in general for patients, their families and healthcare workers. We discuss these issues, with specific reference to an individual case. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17621617&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia - an unusual reaction following tattoo: report of a case and review of the literature. A1 - Cui, W A1 - McGregor, DH A1 - Stark, SP A1 - Ulusarac, O A1 - Mathur, SC J1 - Int J Dermatol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 46 SN - 0011-9059 SP - 743 EP - 745 N2 - A 59-year-old woman presented with an itchy and uncomfortable raised lesion at a tattoo site (Fig. 1) on the lateral aspect of the left leg, just above the ankle. The tattoo had been placed 2 years before her presentation and the tattoo site was sun exposed. Immediately after she had the tattoo, she noticed redness of the skin. After a week, a pruritic and red scaly nodule developed that continued to gradually enlarge until her presentation. The patient had tried topical vitamin A and D ointment with no relief. The patient also had tattoos on the arms without any noticeable skin changes. The patient reported that the tattoo procedure on her leg was more painful than that on her arms, and was performed by a different (and perhaps inexperienced) tattoo artist. The original tattoo contained red, green, and yellow pigments. A diagnosis of tattoo granuloma was considered; squamous cell carcinoma and fungal infection were included in the differential diagnosis. A punch biopsy was performed, followed by complete surgical excision of the lesion with a split-thickness skin graft from the right thigh. The skin excision specimen showed a 3 x 2.5-cm granular and pitted pink lesion with well-demarcated, somewhat irregular borders. The lesion was raised 0.5 cm above the skin surface. The lesion was present in the center of the original tattoo. Portions of the original tattoo with green and blue-green pigmentation were visible on either side of the lesion. No satellite lesions were identified. Microscopically, the raised lesion demonstrated striking pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, with irregular acanthosis of the epidermis and follicular infundibula, hyperkeratosis, and parakeratosis (Fig. 2). Follicular plugging was present with keratin-filled cystic spaces. There was a brisk mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis, composed primarily of lymphocytes, with admixed plasma cells and histiocytes. Giant cells were occasionally identified. Dermal pigment deposition was noted both within the lesion and in the surrounding skin, corresponding to the original tattoo. Variable dermal fibrosis was noted, with thick collagen bundles in some areas. There was no evidence of epidermal keratinocytic atypia, dyskeratosis, or increased suprabasal mitotic activity. Special stains (periodic acid-Schiff and acid-fast) for microorganisms were negative. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17614808&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Osterix induces osteogenic gene expression but not differentiation in primary human fetal mesenchymal stem cells. A1 - Kurata, H A1 - Guillot, PV A1 - Chan, J A1 - Fisk, NM J1 - Tissue Eng Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 13 SN - 1076-3279 SP - 1513 EP - 1523 N2 - The transcription factor osterix (Osx) is a key regulator of osteoblast differentiation and induces bone formation in embryonic but not adult stem cells. We investigated the effect of up-regulating Osx on an intermediate stem cell type, first trimester fetal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are more expandable than adult MSCs. Human fetal (hf ) MSCs were transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding human Osx. In undifferentiating MSCs cultures, forced expression of Osx stimulated osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase expression. However, Osx did not up-regulate osteocalcin, a late marker of osteoblast differentiation or result in extracellular calcium crystals, indicating that Osx does not directly mediate terminal differentiation in primary hfMSCs. To understand the downstream effects of Osx expression in primary hfMSCs, we next investigated the regulatory relationship between Osx, and the transcription factors Dlx5, Runx2, and Msx2. Osx induced Dlx5 but did not affect Runx2 and Msx2, whereas stealth ribonucleic acid interference of Osx inhibited Dlx5 without affecting expression of Runx2 and Msx2. In conclusion, Osx regulates osteogenic gene expression in hfMSCs but is insufficient to induce terminal osteogenic differentiation. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17518720&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Taking the sting out of pain. A1 - Nagy, I A1 - Paule, C A1 - White, J A1 - Urban, L J1 - Br J Pharmacol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 151 SN - 0007-1188 SP - 721 EP - 722 N2 - While the role of the brain kallikrein-kinin system in the development of various pathological processes, such as oedema formation following brain injury or induction of central hypertonia has generated major interest, the possible role of this system in nociceptive processing has received little attention. In their present paper, Mortari et al. (2007) show that bradykinin B2 receptor activation in the brain by the bradykinin analogue, Thr(6)-bradykinin, isolated from the venom of the social wasp, Polybia occidentalis potently reduces acute, noxious heat-evoked reflex responses in naive rats. The unknown underlying mechanism of this powerful antinociceptive effect reminds us that the supraspinal antinociceptive system is still a "black box" in many aspects and awaits thorough investigation. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17533427&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A nontransfusional perioperative management regimen for patients with sickle cell disease undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A1 - Leff, DR A1 - Kaura, T A1 - Agarwal, T A1 - Davies, SC A1 - Howard, J A1 - Chang, AC J1 - Surg Endosc Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 21 SN - 1432-2218 SP - 1117 EP - 1121 N2 - BACKGROUND: Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at increased risk for cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most frequent general surgical operation performed for this group of patients. Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is the most common cause of postoperative death among SCD patients. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a novel perioperative management regimen involving prophylactic continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) ventilation and avoidance of preoperative blood transfusion on postoperative SCD-related complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: A retrospective study included all SCD patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy since 1997 at our institution. Medical notes were analyzed to assess the rates of postoperative complications in relation to the severity of SCD. RESULTS: A total of 13 patients were identified. There were no recorded episodes of acute painful crises and only one patient experienced an episode of ACS requiring protracted CPAP. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed for SCD patients without prior blood transfusion. A defined perioperative regimen including the use of routine postoperative prophylactic CPAP for these patients helps to reduce SCD-related postoperative complications such as ACS and painful vaso-occlusive crises. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17180280&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Laparoscopic colorectal surgery and postoperative opioid requirements. A1 - Tilney, HS A1 - Tekkis, PP J1 - Surg Endosc Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 21 SN - 1432-2218 SP - 1251 EP - 1251 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17436121&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Receptor interacting protein 140 regulates expression of uncoupling protein 1 in adipocytes through specific peroxisome proliferator activated receptor isoforms and estrogen-related receptor alpha. A1 - Debevec, D A1 - Christian, M A1 - Morganstein, D A1 - Seth, A A1 - Herzog, B A1 - Parker, M A1 - White, R J1 - Mol Endocrinol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 21 SN - 0888-8809 SP - 1581 EP - 1592 N2 - Expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) mRNA is elevated in differentiated adipocytes derived from brown or white adipose tissue devoid of the nuclear receptor corepressor receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP140). Increased expression is mediated in part by the recruitment of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors alpha and gamma, together with estrogen-related receptor alpha, which functions through a novel binding site on the Ucp1 enhancer. This demonstrates that regulation of Ucp1 expression in the absence of RIP140 involves derepression of at least three different nuclear receptors. The ability to increase expression of Ucp1 by beta-adrenergic signaling is independent of RIP140, as shown by the action of the beta(3)-adrenergic agonist CL 316,243 to stimulate expression in both brown and white adipocytes in the presence and absence of the corepressor. Therefore, the expression of this metabolic uncoupling protein in adipose cells is regulated by inhibition as well as activation of distinct signaling pathways. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17456798&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The impact of technical factors on outcome of restorative proctocolectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis. A1 - von Roon, AC A1 - Tekkis, PP A1 - Clark, SK A1 - Heriot, AG A1 - Lovegrove, RE A1 - Truvolo, S A1 - Nicholls, RJ A1 - Phillips, RK J1 - Dis Colon Rectum Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 50 SN - 0012-3706 SP - 952 EP - 961 N2 - PURPOSE: This study was designed to assess the impact of technical factors on functional outcomes and complications in patients undergoing restorative proctocolectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis. METHODS: This was a descriptive study on 189 patients undergoing restorative proctocolectomy in a single tertiary referral center between 1977 and 2003. Primary outcomes were major complications, pouch function, and neoplastic transformation in the anal transitional zone. RESULTS: Pouch construction was J-reservoir (60 percent), W-reservoir (34 percent), or S-reservoir (6 percent), with double-stapled (31 percent) or handsewn anastomosis with mucosectomy (69 percent). Overall pouch survival was 96 percent at five years and 89 percent at ten years, with no differences according to pouch design or anastomotic technique. The incidence of pelvic sepsis was unaffected by anastomotic technique (stapled vs. handsewn; 12 vs. 13 percent) or type of reservoir (J- vs. W- vs. S-pouch; 16 vs. 9 vs. 10 percent). Fistula formation was independent of anastomotic technique (stapled vs. handsewn; 8 vs. 8 percent) and type of reservoir (J- vs. W- vs. S-pouch; 9 vs. 7 vs. 0 percent). The night-time and 24-hour bowel frequencies were similar with the two anastomotic techniques and types of reservoirs. The incidence of polyps at the anal transitional zone was lower with handsewn than with stapled anastomosis (19 vs. 38 percent; P=0.047). CONCLUSIONS: Restorative proctocolectomy in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis has good functional outcomes and an acceptable rate of complications, which are independent of choice of technique. Handsewn ileoanal anastomosis with mucosectomy seems to reduce the incidence of subsequent neoplasia in the anal transitional zone but does not eliminate the risk of cancer. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17464542&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Placental ABCA1 expression is reduced in primary antiphospholipid syndrome compared to pre-eclampsia and controls. A1 - Albrecht, C A1 - Soumian, S A1 - Tetlow, N A1 - Patel, P A1 - Sullivan, MH A1 - Lakasing, L A1 - Nicolaides, K A1 - Williamson, C J1 - Placenta Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 28 SN - 0143-4004 SP - 701 EP - 708 N2 - The ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediates cellular cholesterol and phospholipid efflux, and is implicated in phosphatidylserine translocation and apoptosis. Loss of functional ABCA1 in null mice results in severe placental malformation. This study aimed to establish the placental localisation of ABCA1 and to investigate whether ABCA1 expression is altered in placentas from pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and antiphospholipid syndrome. ABCA1 mRNA and protein localisation studies were carried out using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Comparisons of gene expression were performed using real-time PCR and immunoblotting. ABCA1 mRNA and protein was localised to the apical syncytium of placental villi and endothelia of fetal blood vessels within the villi. ABCA1 mRNA expression was reduced in placentas from women with APS when compared to controls (p<0.001), and this was paralleled by reductions in ABCA1 protein expression. There were no differences in ABCA1 expression between placentas from pre-eclamptic pregnancies and controls. The localisation of ABCA1 in human placenta is consistent with a role in cholesterol and phospholipid transport. The decrease in ABCA1 protein in APS may reflect reduced cholesterol transport to the fetus affecting the formation of cell membranes and decreasing the level of substrate available for steroidogenesis. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17113147&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Stretch and interleukin 1 beta: pro-labour factors with similar mitogen-activated protein kinase effects but differential patterns of transcription factor activation and gene expression. A1 - Sooranna, SR A1 - Engineer, N A1 - Liang, Z A1 - Bennett, PR A1 - Johnson, MR A1 - Imperial College Parturition Research Group J1 - J Cell Physiol Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 212 SN - 0021-9541 SP - 195 EP - 206 N2 - IL-1beta and stretch increase uterine smooth muscle cell (USMC) prostaglandin H synthase 2 (PGHS-2) and interleukin (IL)-8 mRNA expression in a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) dependent mechanism. We have tested our hypothesis that stretch and IL-1beta activate different components of the MAPK cascade in USMC and investigated the effects of specific MAPK inhibitors on these components. Further, we have used a Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 activator, anisomycin, to compare the effect of differential MAPK activation on the expression of PGHS-2, IL-8 and oxytocin receptor (OTR) mRNA with that seen in response to stretch and IL-1beta. Stretch, IL-1beta and anisomycin activated similar components of the MAPK cascade and specific inhibitors of MAPK altered phosphorylation of MAPK and downstream cascade components as expected. Expression of OTR mRNA was increased by stretch and anisomycin in a MAPK-independent manner. All three stimuli increased PGHS-2 and IL-8 mRNA expression in a MAPK-dependent manner, but while the MAPK inhibitors reduced the IL-1beta-induced activation of activating transcription factor (ATF)-2, liver activating protein (LAP) and c-jun, the stretch-induced increase in LAP was unaffected by MAPK-inhibition and only JNK inhibition appeared to reduce c-jun activation. These observations show that stretch, IL-1beta and anisomycin activate the same components of the MAPK cascade, but differentially activate LAP and liver inhibitory protein (LIP) perhaps accounting for the increase in OTR by stretch and anisomycin but not IL-1beta observed in this study. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17348037&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The effect of local cooling on pain perception during infiltration of local anaesthetic agents, a prospective randomised controlled trial. A1 - Leff, DR A1 - Nortley, M A1 - Dang, V A1 - Bhutiani, RP J1 - Anaesthesia Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 62 SN - 0003-2409 SP - 677 EP - 682 N2 - The effect of pre-infiltration local cooling of the site of inguinal herniorrhaphy on pain perception during infiltration of local anaesthetic was studied in a prospective randomised controlled trial. One hundred patients were randomly allocated to receive topical application of either a cooled saline bag (study group) or a saline bag at room temperature (control group) prior to injection of local anaesthetic. Pain scores were recorded using a visual analogue scale following application of the saline bags and again on completion of infiltration with local anaesthetic. There was no significant difference in pain scores following topical saline bag application. However, a highly significant difference (p = 0.0001, Mann-Whitney U) was observed between post-infiltration pain scores of the study group (median = 2) and the control group (median = 6). L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17567343&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Prenatal mood disturbance predicts sleep problems in infancy and toddlerhood. A1 - O'Connor, TG A1 - Caprariello, P A1 - Blackmore, ER A1 - Gregory, AM A1 - Glover, V A1 - Fleming, P A1 - ALSPAC Study Team J1 - Early Hum Dev Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 83 SN - 0378-3782 SP - 451 EP - 458 N2 - BACKGROUND: Experimental animal data link prenatal stress with sleep disturbance in offspring, but the link in humans is unclear. AIMS: To investigate the link between prenatal maternal anxiety and depression and infant sleep disturbance from 6 to 30 months of age. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal prospective study of a large birth cohort from pregnancy to 30 months. Questionnaire measures of anxiety and depression were completed by mothers at 18 and 32 weeks gestation and at 8 weeks and 8 months postpartum. SUBJECTS: The ALSPAC cohort, a prospective community study of women in the UK who have been followed since pregnancy. OUTCOME MEASURES: Measures of total sleep time, number of awakenings, and broadly defined sleep problems were available on children at ages 6, 18, and 30 months. RESULTS: Reliable measures of total sleep time, nighttime awakenings, and sleep problems were identified at 6, 18, and 30 months. Higher levels of prenatal maternal anxiety and depression predicted more sleep problems at 18 and 30 months, after controlling for postnatal mood and obstetric and psychosocial covariates; the association was not restricted to clinical extremes. No link with total sleep time was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Mood disturbance in pregnancy has persisting effects on sleep problems in the child, a finding that is consistent with experimental animal research. The findings add to a growing literature showing that maternal prenatal stress, anxiety, and depression may have lasting effects on child development. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17008033&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The mechanism of galactosamine toxicity revisited; a metabonomic study. A1 - Coen, M A1 - Hong, YS A1 - Clayton, TA A1 - Rohde, CM A1 - Pearce, JT A1 - Reily, MD A1 - Robertson, DG A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Nicholson, JK J1 - J Proteome Res Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 6 SN - 1535-3893 SP - 2711 EP - 2719 N2 - 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to investigate the metabolic effects of the hepatotoxin galactosamine (galN) and the mechanism by which glycine protects against such toxicity. Rats were acclimatized to a 0 or 5% glycine diet for 6 days and subsequently administered vehicle, galN (500 mg/kg), glycine (5% via the diet), or both galN and glycine. Urine was collected over 12 days prior to administration of galN and for 24 hours thereafter. Serum and liver tissue were sampled on termination, 24 hours post-dosing. The metabolic profiles of biofluids and tissues were determined using high-field 1H NMR spectroscopy. Orthogonal-projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (O-PLS-DA) was applied to model the spectral data and enabled the hepatic, urinary, and serum metabolites that discriminated between control and treated animals to be determined. Histopathological data and clinical chemistry measurements confirmed the protective effect of glycine. The level of N-acetylglucosamine (glcNAc) in the post-dose urine was found to correlate strongly with the degree of galN-induced liver damage, and the urinary level of glcNAc was not significantly elevated in rats treated with both galN and glycine. Treatment with glycine alone was found to significantly increase hepatic levels of uridine, UDP-glucose, and UDP-galactose, and in view of the known effects of galactosamine, this suggests that the protective role of glycine against galN toxicity might be mediated by changes in the uridine nucleotide pool rather than by preventing Kupffer cell activation. Thus, we present a novel hypothesis: that administration of glycine increases the hepatic uridine nucleotide pool which counteracts the galN-induced depletion of these pools and facilitates complete metabolism of galN. These novel data highlight the applicability of NMR-based metabonomics in elucidating multicompartmental metabolic consequences of toxicity and toxic salvage. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17580851&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Receptor interacting protein 140 regulates expression of uncoupling protein 1 in adipocytes through specific peroxisome proliferator activated receptor isoforms and estrogen-related receptor alpha A1 - Debevec , D A1 - Christian , M A1 - Morganstein , D A1 - Seth , A A1 - Herzog , B A1 - Parker, M A1 - White, R J1 - Molecular Endocrinology Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 21 SP - 1581 EP - 1592 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Pathology features in Bethesda guidelines predict colorectal cancer microsatellite instability: a population-based study. A1 - Jenkins, MA A1 - Hayashi, S A1 - O'Shea, AM A1 - Burgart, LJ A1 - Smyrk, TC A1 - Shimizu, D A1 - Waring, PM A1 - Ruszkiewicz, AR A1 - Pollett, AF A1 - Redston, M A1 - Barker, MA A1 - Baron, JA A1 - Casey, GR A1 - Dowty, JG A1 - Giles, GG A1 - Limburg, P A1 - Newcomb, P A1 - Young, JP A1 - Walsh, MD A1 - Thibodeau, SN A1 - Lindor, NM A1 - Lemarchand, L A1 - Gallinger, S A1 - Haile, RW A1 - Potter, JD A1 - Hopper, JL A1 - Jass, JR A1 - Colon Cancer Family Registry J1 - Gastroenterology Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 133 SN - 0016-5085 SP - 48 EP - 56 N2 - BACKGROUND & AIMS: The revised Bethesda guidelines for Lynch syndrome recommend microsatellite instability (MSI) testing all colorectal cancers in patients diagnosed before age 50 years and colorectal cancers diagnosed in patients between ages 50 and 59 years with particular pathology features. Our aim was to identify pathology and other features that independently predict high MSI (MSI-H). METHODS: Archival tissue from 1098 population-based colorectal cancers diagnosed before age 60 years was tested for MSI. Pathology features, site, and age at diagnosis were obtained. Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine the predictive value of each feature, as measured by an odds ratio (OR), from which a scoring system (MsPath) was developed to estimate the probability a colorectal cancer is MSI-H. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of tumors (162) were MSI-H. Independent predictors were tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (OR, 9.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9-14.1), proximal subsite (OR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.1-7.3), mucinous histology (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.7-4.8), poor differentiation (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-3.1), Crohn's-like reaction (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-2.9), and diagnosis before age 50 years (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.9). MsPath score >or=1.0 had a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 55% for MSI-H. CONCLUSIONS: The probability an individual colorectal cancer is MSI-H is predicted well by the MsPath score. There is little value in testing for DNA mismatch repair loss in tumors, or for germline mismatch repair mutations, for colorectal cancers diagnosed in patients before age 60 years with an MSPath score <1 (approximately 50%). Pathology can identify almost all MSI-H colorectal cancers diagnosed before age 60 years. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17631130&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Bfk, a novel member of the bcl2 gene family, is highly expressed in principal cells of the mouse epididymis and demonstrates a predominant nuclear localization. A1 - Pujianto, DA A1 - Damdimopoulos, AE A1 - Sipilä, P A1 - Jalkanen, J A1 - Huhtaniemi, I A1 - Poutanen, M J1 - Endocrinology Y1 - 2007/07// VL - 148 SN - 0013-7227 SP - 3196 EP - 3204 N2 - B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family kin (BFK) is a recently identified novel protein that is similar to proteins of the BCL2 family. In the present study, we discovered that the mouse Bfk transcript is expressed at the highest level in the epididymis. Two transcripts of 0.9 and 2.6 kb in size were identified, with alternative exon 4 structures, resulting in a difference in the last three to five amino acids of the variants. However, the 0.9-kb transcript was found to be the predominant form in the epididymis and mammary gland, another tissue with strong Bfk expression. Epididymal Bfk expression was regulated both by androgens and other testicular factors. It is thus one of the few initial-segment enriched genes under androgen control, the majority of them being regulated by other testicular factors. BFK protein was expressed specifically in the principal cells of the epididymis. Its nuclear localization was evident in the initial segment and caput epididymis and in the epithelium of pregnant female mammary gland. The expression of BFK-enhanced green fluorescent protein recombinant protein in epididymal cells further confirmed the predominant nuclear localization of BFK with nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling. Overexpressing BFK in epididymal cells did not induce apoptosis. However, enhanced caspase 3 activation was observed in the presence of BFK upon staurosporine-induced apoptosis. This suggests that BFK may have a proapoptotic role only after the process has been initiated by other mechanisms. Being exceptionally highly expressed in the initial segment, Bfk is suggested to have a role in the differentiation of this segment of the epididymis. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17412810&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Apoptosis and chemo-resistance in colorectal cancer. A1 - Prabhudesai, SG A1 - Rekhraj, S A1 - Roberts, G A1 - Darzi, AW A1 - Ziprin, P J1 - J Surg Oncol Y1 - 2007/07/01/ VL - 96 SN - 0022-4790 SP - 77 EP - 88 N2 - Systemic chemotherapy plays an integral part in treating advanced colorectal cancer. However 50% of patients respond poorly or have disease progression due to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. This article reviews the pathways that regulate apoptosis, apoptotic mechanisms through which chemotherapeutic agents mediate their effect and how deregulation of apoptotic proteins may contribute to chemo-resistance. Also discussed are potential therapeutic strategies designed to target these proteins and thereby improve response rates to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17443738&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Antioxidant Properties of the Internal Thoracic Artery and the Radial Artery. A1 - Mangoush, O A1 - Athanasiou, T A1 - Nakamura, K A1 - Johnson, P A1 - Smoienski, R A1 - Sarathchandra, P A1 - Oury, T A1 - Chester, AH A1 - Amrani, M J1 - Heart Lung Circ Y1 - 2007/06/29/ SN - 1443-9506 N2 - BACKGROUND: The antioxidant properties of blood vessels contribute to their performance and patency of that vessel when used as a bypass conduit. Despite increased use of the radial artery (RA) in recent years, very little is known about its antioxidant properties. We compared the ability of the RA to generate superoxide and assessed its antioxidant protective capacity with that of the internal thoracic artery (ITA). METHODS: Vascular segments of the ITA and the RA were obtained from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) incubated in culture media for 2, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The amount of superoxide generated by each artery, and the deterioration of the endothelial function were assessed by using chemiluminescence (CL) and organ bath techniques. We also assessed the expression, localisation and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in both arteries; using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunolocalisation techniques and standard biochemical assessment of SOD activity. RESULTS: Under stress, the RA generated more superoxide (133.6+/-54.7 at 72h vs. 16.8+/-6.4 at 2h; P<0.01) and its endothelial function deteriorated faster (56.3+/-7.3 at 72h vs. 20.2+/-1.5 at 2h; P<0.0001) than that of ITA. Cu/Zn-SOD was found to be prevalent in the endothelium, while Ec-SOD was distributed evenly in the endothelium and media of both arteries. The activity of SOD was less in the RA compared with that of the ITA (510.2+/-219.8 vs. 808.6+/-343.7, respectively; P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that the RA is less equipped with an antioxidant protective mechanism compared with the ITA. These findings could partially explain the differential clinical performance of these conduits in CABG. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17604222&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Navigation Reduces the Learning Curve in Resurfacing Total Hip Arthroplasty. A1 - Cobb, JP A1 - Kannan, V A1 - Brust, K A1 - Thevendran, G J1 - Clin Orthop Relat Res Y1 - 2007/06/28/ SN - 0009-921X N2 - Hip resurfacing is a novel technique with a substantial learning curve resulting in poor outcomes for many patients. We asked whether navigation would influence this learning curve and accuracy of implantation. Twenty medical students earning their degree in surgical technology participated in a randomized trial. We provided instruction about the surgical technique, including the use of conventional instrumentation, the use of a computed tomography-based planner for hip resurfacing, and a navigation system. The 20 students were then split into three groups undertaking these tasks in three different orders. Synthetic femurs replicated normal, osteoarthritis, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, and coxa valga. The mean error using the conventional method to insert a guidewire was 23 degrees ; using the computed tomography plan method it was 22 degrees ; and using navigation was 7 degrees . Students produced similar accuracy, even in their first attempt, on difficult anatomy when provided navigation. Motivated students rapidly achieved an expert level of accuracy when provided with navigation. Learning a conventional method first did not improve performance, even in difficult cases. Our data suggest navigation may play an important role in reducing the learning curve in hip resurfacing arthroplasty and other tasks in arthroplasty in which a high degree of accuracy is clinically important. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17603387&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Promoter methylation of the mutated in colorectal cancer gene is a frequent early event in colorectal cancer. A1 - Kohonen-Corish, MR A1 - Sigglekow, ND A1 - Susanto, J A1 - Chapuis, PH A1 - Bokey, EL A1 - Dent, OF A1 - Chan, C A1 - Lin, BP A1 - Seng, TJ A1 - Laird, PW A1 - Young, J A1 - Leggett, BA A1 - Jass, JR A1 - Sutherland, RL J1 - Oncogene Y1 - 2007/06/28/ VL - 26 SN - 0950-9232 SP - 4435 EP - 4441 N2 - The mutated in colorectal cancer (MCC) gene is in close linkage with the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene on chromosome 5, in a region of frequent loss of heterozygosity in colorectal cancer. The role of MCC in carcinogenesis, however, has not been extensively analysed, and functional studies are emerging, which implicate it as a candidate tumor suppressor gene. The aim of this study was to examine loss of MCC expression due to promoter hypermethylation and its clinicopathologic significance in colorectal cancer. Correspondence of MCC methylation with gene silencing was demonstrated using bisulfite sequencing, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. MCC methylation was detected in 45-52% of 187 primary colorectal cancers. There was a striking association with CDKN2A methylation (P<0.0001), the CpG island methylator phenotype (P<0.0001) and the BRAF V600E mutation (P<0.0001). MCC methylation was also more common (P=0.0084) in serrated polyps than in adenomas. In contrast, there was no association with APC methylation or KRAS mutations. This study demonstrates for the first time that MCC methylation is a frequent change during colorectal carcinogenesis. Furthermore, MCC methylation is significantly associated with a distinct spectrum of precursor lesions, which are suggested to give rise to cancers via the serrated neoplasia pathway. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17260021&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Mechanism and functional consequences of loss of FOXO1 expression in endometrioid endometrial cancer cells. A1 - Goto, T A1 - Takano, M A1 - Albergaria, A A1 - Briese, J A1 - Pomeranz, KM A1 - Cloke, B A1 - Fusi, L A1 - Feroze-Zaidi, F A1 - Maywald, N A1 - Sajin, M A1 - Dina, RE A1 - Ishihara, O A1 - Takeda, S A1 - Lam, EW A1 - Bamberger, AM A1 - Ghaem-Maghami, S A1 - Brosens, JJ J1 - Oncogene Y1 - 2007/06/25/ SN - 0950-9232 N2 - The forkhead transcription factor FOXO1, a downstream target of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt signalling pathway, regulates cyclic differentiation and apoptosis in normal endometrium, but its role in endometrial carcinogenesis is unknown. Screening of endometrial cancer cell lines demonstrated that FOXO1 is expressed in HEC-1B cells, but not in Ishikawa cells, which in turn highly express the FOXO1 targeting E3-ubiquitin ligase Skp2. FOXO1 transcript levels were also lower in Ishikawa cells and treatment with the proteasomal inhibitor was insufficient to restore expression. Lack of FOXO1 expression in Ishikawa cells was not accounted for by differential promoter methylation or activity, but correlated with increased messenger RNA (mRNA) turnover. Comparative analysis demonstrated that HEC-1B cells proliferate slower, but are more resistant to paclitaxel-mediated cell death than Ishikawa cells, which were partially reversed upon silencing of FOXO1 in HEC-1B cells or its re-expression in Ishikawa cells. We further show that FOXO1 is required for the expression of the growth arrest- and DNA-damage-inducible gene GADD45alpha. Analysis of biopsy samples demonstrated a marked loss of FOXO1 and GADD45alpha mRNA and protein expression in endometrioid endometrial cancer compared to normal endometrium. Together, these observations suggest that loss of FOXO1 perturbs endometrial homeostasis, promotes uncontrolled cell proliferation and increases susceptibility to genotoxic insults.Oncogene advance online publication, 25 June 2007; doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210626. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17599040&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Metabolomic profiling of rapid cold hardening and cold shock in Drosophila melanogaster. A1 - Overgaard, J A1 - Malmendal, A A1 - Sørensen, JG A1 - Bundy, JG A1 - Loeschcke, V A1 - Nielsen, NC A1 - Holmstrup, M J1 - J Insect Physiol Y1 - 2007/06/23/ SN - 0022-1910 N2 - A short exposure to a mild cold stress is sufficient to increase cold tolerance in many insects. This phenomenon, termed rapid cold hardening (RCH) expands the thermal interval that can be exploited by the insect. To investigate the possible role of altered metabolite levels during RCH, the present study used untargeted (1)H NMR metabolomic profiling to examine the metabolomic response in Drosophila melanogaster during the 72h following RCH and cold shock treatment. These findings are discussed in relation to the costs and benefits of RCH that are measured in terms of survival and reproductive output. Cold shock caused a persistent disturbance of the metabolite profile that correlated well with a delayed onset of cold shock mortality. The disruption of metabolite homeostasis was smaller following RCH, where control levels were fully recovered after 72h. RCH improved both survival and reproductive output after a subsequent cold shock but the RCH treatment alone was associated with costs in terms of reduced survival and reproductive output. The most pronounced changes following the RCH treatment were elevated levels of glucose and trehalose. Although, it is difficult to discern if a change in a specific metabolite is linked to physiological processes of adaptive, neutral or detrimental nature we observed that the onset and magnitude of the increased sugar levels correlated tightly with the improved chill tolerance following RCH. These findings suggest a putative role of cryoprotectants during RCH which are discussed in the light of the existing literature on the mechanistic background of RCH. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17662301&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A high-performance liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based analysis of commercially available praziquantel tablets. A1 - Li, J A1 - Wang, Y A1 - Fenwick, A A1 - Clayton, TA A1 - Lau, YY A1 - Legido-Quigley, C A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Utzinger, J A1 - Holmes, E J1 - J Pharm Biomed Anal Y1 - 2007/06/23/ SN - 0731-7085 N2 - The amount of active ingredient in 20 commercially sourced batches of praziquantel (PZQ) tablets was determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) assay in conjunction with an anthentic, lot of PZQ powder. The general composition of each batch of tablets was also examined by means of (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and the NMR data were subjected to pattern recognition analysis by means of principal component analysis. The HPLC-UV results showed that each batch of PZQ tablets contained approximately the required amount of PZQ (600mg per tablet). The NMR analysis showed a high degree of compositional variation between manufacturers, which caused by variation in excipients, along with some batch-to-batch variation in the tablets from a single manufacturer. Additionally, the PZQ tablets from one manufacturer were found to have an extra component (methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate) that was not detected in the other preparations. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17659859&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Endogenous testosterone and serum lipids in middle-aged men. A1 - Mäkinen, JI A1 - Perheentupa, A A1 - Irjala, K A1 - Pöllänen, P A1 - Mäkinen, J A1 - Huhtaniemi, I A1 - Raitakari, OT J1 - Atherosclerosis Y1 - 2007/06/21/ SN - 0021-9150 N2 - BACKGROUND: The role of decreasing testosterone levels influencing lipid metabolism in aging men is not well established. METHODS: We studied 1619 40 to 69-year old men with andropausal symptoms, who underwent measurements of serum testosterone, triglycerides, total-, and HDL-cholesterol. RESULTS: Testosterone (mean 15.25nmol/l+/-5.43 S.D., range 3.6-45.0nmol/l) correlated directly with HDL-cholesterol (r=0.24, p<0.0001) and inversely with total cholesterol (r=-0.06, p<0.03), triglycerides (r=-0.30, p<0.0001) and body mass index (r=-0.34, p<0.0001), but not with LDL-cholesterol (r=0.05, p=0.09). In multivariate analyses adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, the significant determinants for serum triglycerides were testosterone (beta=-0.03, p<0.0001), age (beta=-0.01, p<0.0001), body mass index (beta=0.039, p<0.0001) and cardiovascular diseases (beta=0.09, p<0.04). The multivariate correlates of HDL-cholesterol included testosterone (beta=0.007, p<0.0001), body mass index (beta=-0.02, p<0.0001) and alcohol consumption (beta=0.02, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in aging men low testosterone levels are associated with a potentially atherogenic lipid profile including high triglycerides and low HDL-cholesterol. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17588587&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Leuprorelin acetate every-3-months depot versus cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil as adjuvant treatment in premenopausal patients with node-positive breast cancer: the TABLE study. A1 - Schmid, P A1 - Untch, M A1 - Kossé, V A1 - Bondar, G A1 - Vassiljev, L A1 - Tarutinov, V A1 - Lehmann, U A1 - Maubach, L A1 - Meurer, J A1 - Wallwiener, D A1 - Possinger, K J1 - J Clin Oncol Y1 - 2007/06/20/ VL - 25 SN - 1527-7755 SP - 2509 EP - 2515 N2 - PURPOSE: Ovarian suppression with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists is an effective adjuvant treatment for premenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER) -positive breast cancer. Whereas monthly LHRH agonist therapy has been well established, the value of every-3-months (3-monthly) formulations is unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This randomized phase III trial was performed to compare the 3-monthly depot LHRH agonist leuprorelin acetate (LAD-3M; n = 299) and chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF; n = 300) in pre- or perimenopausal patients with ER-positive, node-positive breast cancer. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 5.8 years, recurrence-free survival was similar for patients treated with LAD-3M or CMF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.19; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.51; P = .15). There was no substantial heterogeneity in the relative treatment effect among subgroups defined by age, progesterone receptor (PR) status, nodal status, hormone levels, or menstrual recovery after treatment. Exploratory overall survival analysis favored LAD-3M (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.99; P = .005). Chemotherapy-related adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, and alopecia were more common with CMF, whereas symptoms of estrogen suppression such as hot flushes and sweating were initially more pronounced with LAD-3M. CONCLUSION: The 3-monthly depot LHRH-agonist leuprorelin acetate is an effective adjuvant treatment in premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive, node-positive breast cancer that is not inferior to CMF. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17577027&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Antiestrogen therapy is active in selected ovarian cancer cases: the use of letrozole in estrogen receptor-positive patients. A1 - Smyth, JF A1 - Gourley, C A1 - Walker, G A1 - MacKean, MJ A1 - Stevenson, A A1 - Williams, AR A1 - Nafussi, AA A1 - Rye, T A1 - Rye, R A1 - Stewart, M A1 - McCurdy, J A1 - Mano, M A1 - Reed, N A1 - McMahon, T A1 - Vasey, P A1 - Gabra, H A1 - Langdon, SP J1 - Clin Cancer Res Y1 - 2007/06/15/ VL - 13 SN - 1078-0432 SP - 3617 EP - 3622 N2 - PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole in preselected estrogen receptor (ER)-positive relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer patients and to identify markers that predict endocrine-sensitive disease. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This was a phase II study of letrozole 2.5 mg daily until clinical or marker evidence of disease progression in previously treated ER-positive ovarian cancer patients with a rising CA125 that had progressed according to Rustin's criteria. The primary end point was response according to CA125 and response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) criteria. Marker expression was measured by semiquantitative immunohistochemistry in sections from the primary tumor. RESULTS: Of 42 patients evaluable for CA125 response, 7 (17%) had a response (decrease of >50%), and 11 (26%) patients had not progressed (doubling of CA125) following 6 months on treatment. The median time taken to achieve the CA125 nadir was 13 weeks (range 10-36). Of 33 patients evaluable for radiological response, 3 (9%) had a partial remission, and 14 (42%) had stable disease at 12 weeks. Eleven patients (26%) had a PFS of >6 months. Subgroup analysis according to ER revealed CA125 response rates of 0% (immunoscore, 150-199), 12% (200-249), and 33% (250-300); P = 0.028, chi(2) for trend. Expression levels of HER2, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5, trefoil factor 1, and vimentin were associated with CA125 changes on treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study of a hormonal agent in a preselected group of ER-positive ovarian cancer patients. A signature of predictive markers, including low HER2 expression, predicts response. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17575226&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Metabolic profile biomarkers of metal contamination in a sentinel terrestrial species are applicable across multiple sites. A1 - Bundy, JG A1 - Keun, HC A1 - Sidhu, JK A1 - Spurgeon, DJ A1 - Svendsen, C A1 - Kille, P A1 - Morgan, AJ J1 - Environ Sci Technol Y1 - 2007/06/15/ VL - 41 SN - 0013-936X SP - 4458 EP - 4464 N2 - In this study, we addressed the question of whether an omic approach could genuinely be useful for biomarker profile analysis across different field sites with different physicochemical characteristics. We collected earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) from seven sites with very different levels of metal contamination and prevailing soil type and analyzed tissue extracts by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Pattern recognition analysis of the data showed that both site- and contaminant-specific effects on the metabolic profiles could be discerned. Zinc was identified as the probable major contaminant causing a metabolic change in the earthworms. Individual sites could be resolved on the basis of NMR spectral profiles by principal component analysis; these site differences may also have been caused by additional abiotic factors such as soil pH. Despite an inevitable degree of confounding between site and contaminant concentrations, it was possible to identify metabolites which were correlated with zinc across all different sites. This study therefore acts as a proof of principle for the use of NMR-based metabolic profiling as a diagnostic tool for ecotoxicological research in polluted field soils. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17626452&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Direct effects of apelin on cardiomyocyte contractility and electrophysiology. A1 - Farkasfalvi, K A1 - Stagg, MA A1 - Coppen, SR A1 - Siedlecka, U A1 - Lee, J A1 - Soppa, GK A1 - Marczin, N A1 - Szokodi, I A1 - Yacoub, MH A1 - Terracciano, CM J1 - Biochem Biophys Res Commun Y1 - 2007/06/15/ VL - 357 SN - 0006-291X SP - 889 EP - 895 N2 - Apelin, the ligand for the angiotensin receptor like-1, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation and heart failure. However, it is unknown if apelin has direct effects on cardiomyocyte contractility and electrophysiology. APJ-like immunoreactivity was localized to T-tubules and intercalated disc area in isolated adult rat ventricular myocytes. Apelin (1 nM) significantly increased sarcomere shortening in normal as well as failing cardiomyocytes. The transient increase in shortening was not accompanied by increased [Ca(2+)] transient amplitude. Apelin significantly activated the sarcolemmal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE) and increased intracellular pH. Moreover, apelin (10 nM) increased conduction velocity in monolayers of cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Our results demonstrate for the first time that apelin has direct effects on the propagation of action potential and contractility in cardiomyocytes. One of the mechanisms involved in the inotropic effect may be an increased myofilament sensitivity to Ca(2+) as apelin enhanced the activity of NHE with consequent intracellular alkalinization. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17466269&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Serrated Pathway Colorectal Cancer in the Population: an alternative to the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. A1 - Young, JP A1 - Jenkins, MA A1 - Parry, S A1 - Young, BW A1 - Nancarrow, DJ A1 - English, DR A1 - Giles, GG A1 - Jass, JR J1 - Gut Y1 - 2007/06/12/ SN - 0017-5749 N2 - A significant proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC) develops through the serrated neoplasia pathway. Such tumours show a distinctive molecular phenotype of somatic BRAF mutations and widespread concordant methylation events in CpG islands (CIMP). These features are also observed in the polyps developing in individuals with hyperplastic polyposis syndrome (HPS). In HPS, multiple serrated polyps develop in the colorectum, and approximately 50% of cases present with at least one CRC. Observations of rare affected sibships including identical twins, suggest a recessive or co-dominant mode of inheritance. In addition, up to 50% of individuals with HPS report a family history of CRC. At a population level, recent work has demonstrated that patients with serrated pathway cancers characterized by BRAF mutation are four times more likely to have a family history of CRC than patients with common CRC. These findings suggest an increased genetic predisposition for serrated pathway CRC in the wider population. We propose that HPS results from the inheritance of two putative co-dominant alleles in approximately 1 in 2000 individuals. Therefore carriers of one co-dominant allele may number up to 1 in 25, and it is likely that these carriers are at increased risk of CRC, accounting for, at least in part, the burden of serrated pathway CRC in the population. This proposition may have important implications for screening and prevention of CRC in individuals who have an increased risk for development of serrated pathway cancers, namely those with multiple, proximal, large or advanced serrated polyps, and their relatives. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17566021&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding. A1 - Mohan, S A1 - Page, LM A1 - Higham, JM J1 - Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol Y1 - 2007/06/07/ SN - 1521-6934 N2 - Abnormal uterine bleeding is an extremely common indication for referral to a gynaecologist. This chapter examines the modes of presentation and the causes of such symptoms, which range from physiological variations to more sinister underlying pathology. A thorough understanding of these causes is required to direct investigation in an appropriate manner. The full range of possible investigations is discussed with emphasis on how to choose the most appropriate tests for a particular patient. This is fundamental to ensure that tests are pertinent and streamlined, and to prevent unnecessary anxiety and delay. Once the underlying causes have been clarified, a suitable management plan can be made. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17560834&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Reticulocyte hemoglobin content in the diagnosis of iron deficiency in Chinese pre-menopausal women. A1 - Luo, D A1 - Chen, Y A1 - Wu, W A1 - Zhang, F A1 - Xu, J A1 - Cui, W A1 - Li, SL A1 - Li, RS J1 - Chin Med J (Engl) Y1 - 2007/06/05/ VL - 120 SN - 0366-6999 SP - 1010 EP - 1012 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17624271&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Abdominal aortic aneurysm - The prognosis in women is worse than in men A1 - Norman, PE A1 - Powell, JT J1 - CIRCULATION Y1 - 2007/06/05/ VL - 115 SN - 0009-7322 SP - 2865 EP - 2869 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Role of central nervous system and ovarian insulin receptor substrate 2 signaling in female reproductive function in the mouse. A1 - Neganova, I A1 - Al-Qassab, H A1 - Heffron, H A1 - Selman, C A1 - Choudhury, AI A1 - Lingard, SJ A1 - Diakonov, I A1 - Patterson, M A1 - Ghatei, M A1 - Bloom, SR A1 - Franks, S A1 - Huhtaniemi, I A1 - Hardy, K A1 - Withers, DJ J1 - Biol Reprod Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 76 SN - 0006-3363 SP - 1045 EP - 1053 N2 - Insulin receptor signaling regulates female reproductive function acting in the central nervous system and ovary. Female mice that globally lack insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 2, which is a key mediator of insulin receptor action, are infertile with defects in hypothalamic and ovarian functions. To unravel the tissue-specific roles of IRS2, we examined reproductive function in female mice that lack Irs2 only in the neurons. Surprisingly, these animals had minimal defects in pituitary and ovarian hormone levels, ovarian anatomy and function, and breeding performance, which indicates that the central nervous system IRS2 is not an obligatory signaling component for the regulation of reproductive function. Therefore, we undertook a detailed analysis of ovarian function in a novel Irs2 global null mouse line. Comparative morphometric analysis showed reduced follicle size, increased numbers of atretic follicles, as well as impaired oocyte growth and antral cavity development in Irs2 null ovaries. Granulosa cell proliferation was also defective in the Irs2 null ovaries. Furthermore, the insulin- and eCG-stimulated phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase signaling events, which included phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B and glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, were impaired, whereas mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling was preserved in Irs2 null ovaries. These abnormalities were associated with reduced expression of cyclin D2 and increased CDKN1B levels, which indicates dysregulation of key components of the cell cycle apparatus implicated in ovarian function. Our data suggest that ovarian rather than central nervous system IRS2 signaling is important in the regulation of female reproductive function. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17329594&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Sex hormones and serum lipids in middle-aged men A1 - Makinen, J A1 - Perheentupa, A A1 - Irjala, K A1 - Pollanen, P A1 - Makinen, J A1 - Huhtaniemi, I A1 - Raitakari, O J1 - INT J CARDIOL Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 119 SN - 0167-5273 SP - S35 EP - S36 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A dedicated ectopic pregnancy team leads to an improvement in patients' management. A1 - Lavery, S A1 - El-Shawarby, SA A1 - Cloke, B A1 - Margara, R A1 - Trew, G J1 - Arch Gynecol Obstet Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 275 SN - 0932-0067 SP - 475 EP - 479 N2 - INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to determine whether a dedicated ectopic pregnancy team improves the management of haemodynamically stable patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy who do not require immediate life-saving surgery. METHODS: A non-randomized population based study involving 210 patients admitted with a suspected ectopic pregnancy over a 2-year period in a university teaching hospital in the UK, was carried out to compare the management of those women before and after the introduction of the ectopic pregnancy team. RESULTS: Following the introduction of an ectopic pregnancy team, there were fewer laparotomies performed, fewer negative diagnostic laparoscopies, a reduced overall surgical intervention rate, and a reduced duration of hospital stay. Although, it was difficult to quantify the extent of improvement of training, yet there were fewer operations performed out-of-hours, more continuity of care, more learning opportunities and acquisition of laparoscopic skills of junior staff. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of an ectopic pregnancy team led to an improvement in the management of patients with suspected ectopic pregnancies. Efforts aiming at setting up such a specialized team and its implementation in day-to-day clinical practice should be considered in hospitals where the mainstay of treatment remains laparotomy. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17514374&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Comparing highly purified hMG and rFSH in patients undergoing IVF. A1 - Trew, GH J1 - Hum Reprod Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 22 SN - 0268-1161 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17412753&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Endometriosis is associated with a decreased risk of pre-eclampsia. A1 - Brosens, IA A1 - De Sutter, P A1 - Hamerlynck, T A1 - Imeraj, L A1 - Yao, Z A1 - Cloke, B A1 - Brosens, JJ A1 - Dhont, M J1 - Hum Reprod Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 22 SN - 0268-1161 SP - 1725 EP - 1729 N2 - BACKGROUND: We postulated that impaired endometrial differentiation in women with pelvic endometriosis predisposes for pre-eclampsia. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study set at the University of Ghent IVF centre. The incidence of pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) following the clinical and/or laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis-associated infertility (case group; n = 245 pregnancies) was compared with the incidence of these obstetric complications in pregnancies following treatment for male-factor infertility (control group; n = 274 pregnancies). Pregnancy data were obtained by searching electronic databases and postal questionnaires. The case and control groups were matched for age, parity and multiple pregnancies. RESULTS: The incidence of pre-eclampsia was significantly lower in the case group (0.8%) when compared with control group (5.8%) (P = 0.002; odds ratio (OR) = 7.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7-33.3). Analysis of obstetric outcome in the subgroup of patients with laparoscopic data confirmed the lower risk of pre-eclampsia in the case (1.2%) versus control (7.4%) groups (P = 0.032; OR = 6.6, 95% CI: 1.2-37). PIH occurred in 3.5% and 8.7% of case and control pregnancies, respectively (P = 0.018; OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2-6.0). The odds of developing pre-eclampsia were 5.67 times higher in the control group than in pregnancies following endometriosis-associated infertility. In multiple pregnancies, the odds of developing pre-eclampsia increased 1.93 times per additional child, with or without endometriosis. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence that endometriosis predisposes for pre-eclampsia. Instead, the risk of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy is significantly reduced in women with endometriosis-associated infertility. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17452394&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Optimizing leaf width for multileaf collimator A1 - Cui, W A1 - Dai, J J1 - MED PHYS Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 34 SN - 0094-2405 SP - 2478 EP - 2478 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Murine but not human mesenchymal stem cells generate osteosarcoma-like lesions in the lung. A1 - Aguilar, S A1 - Nye, E A1 - Chan, J A1 - Loebinger, M A1 - Spencer-Dene, B A1 - Fisk, N A1 - Stamp, G A1 - Bonnet, D A1 - Janes, SM J1 - Stem Cells Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 25 SN - 1066-5099 SP - 1586 EP - 1594 N2 - Murine mesenchymal stem cells are capable of differentiation into multiple cell types both in vitro and in vivo and may be good candidates to use as cell therapy for diseased or damaged organs. We have previously reported a method of enriching a population of murine MSCs that demonstrated a diverse differentiation potential both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we show that this enriched population of murine mesenchymal stem cells embolize within lung capillaries following systemic injection and then rapidly expand within, and invade into, the lung parenchyma, forming tumor nodules. These lesions rarely contain cells bearing the immunohistochemical characteristics of lung epithelium, but they do show the characteristics of immature bone and cartilage that resembles exuberant fracture callus or well-differentiated osteosarcoma. Our findings indicate that murine mesenchymal stem cells can behave in a manner similar to tumor cells, with dysregulated growth and aberrant differentiation within the alveolar microenvironment after four passages. We demonstrate that unlike human MSCs, MSCs from different mouse strains can acquire chromosomal abnormalities after only a few in vitro passages. Moreover, other parameters, such as mouse strain used, might also play a role in the induction of these tumors. These findings might be clinically relevant for future stem cell therapy studies. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17363552&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Z-scores of the fetal aortic isthmus and duct: an aid to assessing arch hypoplasia. A1 - Pasquini, L A1 - Mellander, M A1 - Seale, A A1 - Matsui, H A1 - Roughton, M A1 - Ho, SY A1 - Gardiner, HM J1 - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 29 SN - 0960-7692 SP - 628 EP - 633 N2 - OBJECTIVE: Prenatal diagnosis of isolated coarctation of the aorta suffers from high false positive and false negative rates. The aim of our study was to develop Z-scores for the aortic isthmus in normal fetuses as a reference for fetuses with suspected coarctation. METHODS: The aortic isthmal diameter, immediately proximal to the insertion of the arterial duct, was measured prospectively in the transverse (three vessel and trachea) and sagittal views in 221 normal fetuses at 18 to 37 weeks' gestation. The ductal diameter was measured immediately before it entered the descending aorta in the same view. All measurements were repeated three times by a single investigator and averaged. A second investigator re-measured the images of 50 cases to assess interobserver variability. Z-scores were created relating isthmal and ductal diameters to femur length and gestational age. The ratio between the isthmal and ductal diameters was calculated. RESULTS: The formula used to calculate Z-scores for the three diameters was: [ln(measured isthmal diameter) - (m ln(femur length or gestational age) + c)]/root MSE, where c is the intercept, m is a multiplier and MSE is the mean squared error. The ratio between isthmal and ductal diameters was close to a constant value of 1 (95% CI 0.97-1.01), regardless of the value of femur length or gestational age. CONCLUSION: We have defined Z-scores for the fetal aortic isthmus and arterial duct measured in the three vessels and trachea view and for the isthmus in the sagittal plane. In suspected coarctation, these Z-scores and the isthmal to ductal ratio may help in longitudinal assessment of the aortic arch and aid in the prenatal diagnosis of coarctation. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17476706&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Perioperative synbiotic treatment to prevent postoperative infectious complications in biliary cancer surgery: a randomized control trial. A1 - Kinross, J A1 - Warren, O A1 - Silk, D A1 - Darzi, A J1 - Ann Surg Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 245 SN - 0003-4932 SP - 1000 EP - 1000 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17522529&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Which gene, Reg2 or Reg3beta, was targeted that affected liver regeneration? A1 - Liu, JL A1 - Cui, W J1 - Hepatology Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 45 SN - 0270-9139 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17538937&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Prediction of fetal coarctation of the aorta from the three vessel and tracheal view A1 - Matsui, H A1 - Pasquini, L A1 - Seale, A A1 - Mellander, M A1 - Roughton, M A1 - Ho, S A1 - Gardiner, H J1 - HEART Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 93 SN - 1355-6037 SP - A37 EP - A37 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The use of trans-rectal high intensity focused ultrasound in salvage treatment for men who have failed primary radiation therapy of presumed organ confined prostate cancer A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Illing, RO A1 - Ahmed, HU A1 - Calleary, JG A1 - Allen, C A1 - Emberton, M J1 - BJU INT Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 99 SN - 1464-4096 SP - 6 EP - 6 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Heparin-bonded circuits versus nonheparin-bonded circuits: an evaluation of their effect on clinical outcomes. A1 - Mangoush, O A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Haj-Yahia, S A1 - Kinross, J A1 - Hayward, M A1 - Bartolozzi, F A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Athanasiou, T J1 - Eur J Cardiothorac Surg Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 31 SN - 1010-7940 SP - 1058 EP - 1069 N2 - Heparinization of the blood contact surface in cardiopulmonary bypass circuits has been promoted as an important step in the development of open heart surgery. As it decreases the inflammatory response resulting from the extracorporeal circulation, it may have a positive effect on clinical outcomes. This meta-analysis was carried out to examine if heparin-bonded circuits (HBCs) reduce the need for blood products and improve overall clinical outcome. A systematic literature search was performed to identify randomized controlled trials reporting outcomes of HBCs compared with non-HBCs. Primary outcomes assessed were postoperative blood/blood-product transfusion and blood loss. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, acute postoperative myocardial infarction, stroke, re-sternotomy for postoperative bleeding, wound infection, atrial fibrillation, duration of ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital-length of stay (LOS). Random effects meta-analytical techniques were applied to identify differences in outcomes between the two groups. Quality of the included studies and heterogeneity were assessed. From an initial review of 762-published studies, 41-randomized trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria, leaving 3434-patients' data for analysis. HBCs significantly decreased the incidence of blood transfusion required (OR=0.8; 95% CI=0.6:0.9, P=0.004). It also significantly decreased re-sternotomy (OR=0.6; 95% CI=0.4:0.8, P=0.002), duration of ventilation (WMD= -1.3h; 95% CI= -1.9:-0.6, P<0.001), ICU-LOS (WMD= -9.3h; 95% CI=-14.7:-3.9, P<0.001) and hospital-LOS (WMD= -0.5 day; 95% CI= -0.9:-0.1, P=0.02). HBCs had no effect on other adverse events evaluated. Although HBCs showed a positive effect on some of the clinical outcomes, we identified only marginal differences for other outcomes. Further evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of this technology is required. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17306555&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor PD0173074 as a potential novel anti-prostate cancer therapy A1 - Goldstraw, MA A1 - Christmas, T A1 - Seckl, MJ J1 - BJU INT Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 99 SN - 1464-4096 SP - 29 EP - 29 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Role of BRAF-V600E in the serrated pathway of colorectal tumourigenesis. A1 - Minoo, P A1 - Moyer, MP A1 - Jass, JR J1 - J Pathol Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 212 SN - 0022-3417 SP - 124 EP - 133 N2 - There is increasing evidence for an alternative pathway of sporadic colorectal tumourigenesis that is associated with DNA microsatellite instability (MSI), due to methylation and loss of expression of the mismatch repair gene MLH1. Recent studies have highlighted a serrated pathway of colorectal cancer (CRC) in which serrated polyps with activating mutations in BRAF progress to CRCs with MSI following methylation and silencing of MLH1. The present study provides a novel mechanistic experimental model for these clinical observations. We investigated the role of BRAF activating mutation (BRAF-V600E) in colorectal tumourigenesis by studying the effects of forced expression of BRAF-V600E in the 'normal' colon epithelial NCM460 cell line and by targeting endogenous BRAF-V600E in MSI-High (MSI-H) colon cancer cell lines. The findings indicate that BRAF mutation in colon epithelial cells contributes to a gain in resistance towards apoptotic stimuli, which is likely to be an important characteristic of pre-malignant serrated lesions. BRAF-V600E also plays a role in the development and maintenance of transformed and invasive phenotypes in colon epithelial cells. Our findings also suggest that BRAF mutation potentiates promoter hypermethylation of the MLH1 gene promoter. Together, these results highlight BRAF as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in sporadic MSI-H colorectal cancers. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17427169&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Results of forty years Yellow Card reporting for commonly used perioperative analgesic drugs. A1 - Richardson, J A1 - Holdcroft, A J1 - Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 16 SN - 1053-8569 SP - 687 EP - 694 N2 - BACKGROUND: A variety of analgesics are used perioperatively and associated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) may complicate anaesthesia and recovery. METHODS: We aimed to measure the demographics of reported suspected ADRs to alfentanil, fentanyl, ketorolac, morphine, nalbuphine, papaveretum, pethidine and remifentanil. We report a retrospective analysis of Yellow Card reports of suspected ADRs from 1965-2004 as classified in the Adverse Drug Reaction On-line Tracking database (ADROIT) of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). RESULTS: In total, 1312 reactions were retrieved. A single drug was reported in 908, 39 were fatal and 219 categorised as 'allergic'. Allergic phenomenon varied from 2/33 (6%) for remifentanil to 11/53 (21%) for alfentanil. 'Cardiovascular' reactions were reported frequently with remifentanil (18/33, 55%) and alfentanil (19/53, 36%) and these generated a signal for possible hazards from proportional reporting ratios (PRRs). The opioid fentanyl was associated with similar hazard signals for muscular and psychiatric ADRs. CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative vigilance may reduce morbidity and mortality from preventable ADRs to analgesic drugs. Denominator and diagnostic data are essential for prospective studies. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17436358&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Final 12-year follow-up of surgery versus surveillance in the UK Small Aneurysm Trial. A1 - Powell, JT A1 - Brown, LC A1 - Forbes, JF A1 - Fowkes, FG A1 - Greenhalgh, RM A1 - Ruckley, CV A1 - Thompson, SG J1 - Br J Surg Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 94 SN - 0007-1323 SP - 702 EP - 708 N2 - BACKGROUND: The aim was to determine whether early open surgical repair would benefit patients with small abdominal aortic aneurysm compared with surveillance on long-term follow-up. METHODS: The 1090 patients who were enrolled into the UK Small Aneurysm Trial between 1991 and 1995 were followed up for aneurysm repair and mortality until November 2005. RESULTS: By November 2005, 714 patients (65.5 per cent) had died, 929 (85.2 per cent) had undergone aneurysm repair, 150 (13.8 per cent) had died without aneurysm repair and 11 (1.0 per cent) remained alive without aneurysm repair. After 12 years, mortality in the surgery and surveillance groups was 63.9 and 67.3 per cent respectively, unadjusted hazard ratio 0.90 (P = 0.139). Three-quarters of the surveillance group eventually had aneurysm repair, with a 30-day elective mortality of 6.3 per cent (versus 5.0 per cent in the early surgery group, P = 0.366). Estimates suggested that the cost of treatment was 17 per cent higher in the early surgery group, with a mean difference of 1326 pounds. The death rate in these patients was about twice that in the population matched for age and sex. CONCLUSION: There was no long-term survival benefit of early elective open repair of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. Even after successful aneurysm repair, the mortality among these patients was higher than in the general population. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17514693&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Regulators of Mitotic Arrest and Ceramide Metabolism Are Determinants of Sensitivity to Paclitaxel and Other Chemotherapeutic Drugs A1 - Charles Swanton A1 - Michela Marani A1 - Olivier Pardo A1 - Patricia H. Warne A1 - Gavin Kelly A1 - Erik Sahai A1 - Frederic Elustondo A1 - Jenny Chang A1 - Jillian Temple A1 - Ahmed A. Ahmed A1 - James D. Brenton A1 - Julian Downward A1 - Barbara Nicke J1 - Cancer Cell Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 11 PB - Elsevier Inc. SP - 498 EP - 512 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Patient fitness and survival after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in patients from the UK EVAR trials. A1 - Brown, LC A1 - Greenhalgh, RM A1 - Howell, S A1 - Powell, JT A1 - Thompson, SG J1 - Br J Surg Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 94 SN - 0007-1323 SP - 709 EP - 716 N2 - BACKGROUND: The aim was to use a validated fitness score to determine whether fitter patients with a large abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) benefited from having open rather than endovascular repair. METHODS: The Customized Probability Index (CPI) was applied to patients in the Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) I and II trials. Interaction tests between CPI and randomized group assessed the effect of fitness and type of AAA repair on elective 30-day mortality and 4-year survival. RESULTS: The mean(s.d.) CPI scores were 3.6(9.3) for 1252 EVAR I patients and 10.0(11.3) for 404 EVAR II patients (range - 25 to + 43) (P < 0.001). The fitness of EVAR I patients was classified as good (579 patients, mean CPI - 4.2), moderate (331 patients, mean CPI 5.7) or poor (338 patients, mean CPI 15.1). Only in the good fitness group did 30-day mortality convincingly favour endovascular repair (odds ratio 0.24, P = 0.030), but overall the test of interaction was not significant (P = 0.363). For 4-year all-cause and aneurysm-related mortality, there was no benefit for either treatment across all fitness scores (P = 0.281 and P = 0.371 respectively). CONCLUSION: The benefit of endovascular repair was most convincing in the fittest patients. There was no evidence that the fittest patients benefited more from open surgery. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17514695&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Clinical and imaging experience with yttrium-90 microspheres in the management of unresectable liver tumours. A1 - Jiao, LR A1 - Szyszko, T A1 - Al-Nahhas, A A1 - Tait, P A1 - Canelo, R A1 - Stamp, G A1 - Wasan, H A1 - Lowdell, C A1 - Philips, R A1 - Thillainayagam, A A1 - Bansi, D A1 - Rubello, D A1 - Limongelli, P A1 - Woo, K A1 - Habib, NA J1 - Eur J Surg Oncol Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 33 SN - 0748-7983 SP - 597 EP - 602 N2 - INTRODUCTION: Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is emerging as a new therapeutic modality in recent years for management of non-resectable hepatic malignancies. Our experience in clinical application of this treatment is reported here. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From June 2004, patients whose liver tumours were no longer amenable for any conventional treatment with either chemotherapy or surgery were considered for yttrium-90 microspheres treatment after discussion at our multidisciplinary meeting. A pre-treatment planning was carried out with visceral angiography and technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin (MAA) for assessment of both tumour volume and extrahepatic shunting in addition to a baseline PET and CT scans, respectively. Two weeks later, a second visceral angiogram was performed to deliver the calculated dosage of microspheres into the arterial system supplying the tumour. Patients were then followed up with tumour markers, repeat PET and CT scans of abdomen at 6 weeks and 3 monthly thereafter. RESULT: Twenty-one patients (F=11, M=10; age range 40-75 years, mean=58 years) received yttrium-90 microspheres consisting of liver metastases from colorectal primary (n=10) and non-colorectal primaries (n=8), and primary liver tumours (n=3). One patient received 2 treatments. The mean administered activity of microspheres delivered was 1.9 GBq (range 1.2-2.5 GBq). Injection of microspheres had no immediate effect on either clinical haematology or liver function tests. At follow-up, 86% of patients showed decreased activity on PET scan at 6 weeks (p=0.01). The mean pre-treatment SUV was 12.2+/-3.7 and the mean post-treatment SUV was 9.3+/-3.7, indicating a significant improvement measured with PET activity. Only 13% showed a reduction in the size of tumour on CT scan. For patients with colorectal liver metastases, there was no significant reduction in CEA level (127+/-115 vs 75+/-72 micro/l, p=0.39). Complications were seen in 4 patients (19%) including radiation hepatitis (n=2), cholecystitis (n=1) and duodenal ulceration (n=1). All resolved without surgical intervention. Seven patients died at follow-up from progressive extrahepatic disease (33%). CONCLUSION: SIRT should be considered for patients with advanced liver cancer. It has a significant effect on liver disease in the absence of extrahepatic disease. PET imaging has an integral role in the assessment of patients treated with yttrium-90 SIR-Spheres. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17433608&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Prognostic significance of immune subset measurement in individuals with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. A1 - Stebbing, J A1 - Sanitt, A A1 - Teague, A A1 - Powles, T A1 - Nelson, M A1 - Gazzard, B A1 - Bower, M J1 - J Clin Oncol Y1 - 2007/06/01/ VL - 25 SN - 1527-7755 SP - 2230 EP - 2235 N2 - PURPOSE: A prognostic index for AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) diagnosed in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was based on routine clinical and laboratory characteristics. Because immune subset measurement is often performed in HIV-positive individuals, we examined whether these were predictive of mortality independently of the prognostic index, or could predict time to progression of KS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses on a data set of 326 individuals with AIDS-associated KS to identify immune subset covariates predictive of overall survival and time to progression. Adaptive (CD8 T cell and CD19 B cell) and innate (CD16/56 natural-killer cell) immune parameters were studied by flow cytometry. RESULTS: In univariate analyses, all three immune subsets had significant effects on overall survival (P < .025). In multivariate analyses including the prognostic index, only CD8 counts remained significant (P = .026), although its effect on the overall prognostic index is small. An increase of 100 cells/mm3 in the CD8 count confers a 5% improvement in overall survival. Individuals with a higher CD8 count did not have an increased time to progression. Patients who were already on HAART at the time of KS diagnosis did not have a shorter time to progression than those who were antiretroviral naïve at KS diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The CD8 count appears to provide independent prognostic information in individuals with AIDS-associated KS. Measurement of the CD8 count is clinically useful in patients with KS. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17470847&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Long-term results after stapled haemorrhoidopexy for fourth-degree haemorrhoids: a prospective study with median follow-up of 6 years. A1 - Zacharakis, E A1 - Kanellos, D A1 - Pramateftakis, MG A1 - Kanellos, I A1 - Angelopoulos, S A1 - Mantzoros, I A1 - Betsis, D J1 - Tech Coloproctol Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 11 SN - 1123-6337 N2 - BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to assess our early and long-term results after stapled haemorrhoidopexy for fourth-degree haemorrhoids. METHODS: Our study covers the time period from 1998 to 2002 and consists of 56 consecutive patients (33 men) with fourthdegree haemorrhoids who underwent stapled haemorrhoidopexy. RESULTS: During the postoperative period, 6 patients (10.7%) experienced pain for 7-14 days, which was treated with oral analgesia. Ten patients (17.8%) experienced gas incontinence and two of them also reported soiling. The incontinence subsided within 3-8 weeks. Median follow-up was 72.1 months (range, 55-86 months). Recurrence of the haemorrhoidal disease occurred in 33 patients (58.9%). The overall reintervention rate was 42.8%, as 24 patients required excisional haemorrhoidectomy by the Milligan-Morgan technique at a later stage. CONCLUSIONS: Stapled haemorrhoidopexy seems to be a safe, low-pain but ineffective technique for the treatment of fourth-degree haemorrhoids, as it is accompanied by high recurrence and reintervention rates in the long term. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17510741&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A pervasive body sensor network for measuring postoperative recovery at home. A1 - Aziz, O A1 - Atallah, L A1 - Lo, B A1 - Elhelw, M A1 - Wang, L A1 - Yang, GZ A1 - Darzi, A J1 - Surg Innov Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 14 SN - 1553-3506 SP - 83 EP - 90 N2 - Patients going home following major surgery are susceptible to complications such as wound infection, abscess formation, malnutrition, poor analgesia, and depression, all of which can develop after the fifth postoperative day and slow recovery. Although current hospital recovery monitoring systems are effective during perioperative and early postoperative periods, they cannot be used when the patient is at home. Measuring and quantifying home recovery is currently a subjective and labor-intensive process. This case report highlights the development and piloting of a wireless body sensor network to monitor postoperative recovery at home in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. The device consists of wearable sensors (vital signs, motion) combined with miniaturized computers wirelessly linked to each other, thus allowing continuous monitoring of patients in a pervasive (unobtrusive) manner in any environment. Initial pilot work with results in both the simulated (with volunteers) and the real home environment (with patients) is presented. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17558012&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Mental training in surgical education: a randomized controlled trial. A1 - Aggarwal, R A1 - Warren, O A1 - Darzi, A J1 - Ann Surg Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 245 SN - 0003-4932 SP - 1002 EP - 1002 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17522530&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Diagnostic precision of magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative prediction of the circumferential margin involvement in patients with rectal cancer. A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Tekkis, PP A1 - Athanasiou, T A1 - Tilney, HS A1 - Darzi, AW A1 - Heriot, AG J1 - Colorectal Dis Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 9 SN - 1462-8910 SP - 402 EP - 411 N2 - OBJECTIVE: Circumferential margin involvement (CMI) is an important prognostic indicator for patients with rectal cancer. This meta-analysis aims at evaluating the diagnostic precision of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the preoperative evaluation of CMI in patients with rectal cancer. METHOD: Quantitative meta-analysis was performed comparing MRI against histology after total mesorectal excision. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated for each study. Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves and subgroup analysis were undertaken. Study quality and heterogeneity were evaluated. Meta-regression meta-analysis was used to evaluate the significance of the difference in relative DORs. RESULTS: Nine studies evaluating 529 patients were included. Pooled results showed an overall sensitivity and specificity for MRI detecting CMI preoperatively of 94% and 85% respectively. The SROC analysis demonstrated an overall weighted area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92 (DOR 57.21, 95% CI 18.21-179.77), without significant heterogeneity between the studies (Q-value 14.66, P = 0.06). Good study quality further increased the sensitivity and specificity of MRI. The use of a 1.5 Tesla coil, a phased array coil and the inclusion of two interpreters also resulted in high preoperative diagnostic precision. Meta-regression meta-analysis showed a significant difference in the DOR for studies published in or since 2003 (P = 0.019). CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging can accurately predict CMI preoperatively for rectal cancer in single units and this is reproducible across different centres. This strategy has important implications for selection of patients for adjuvant therapy prior to surgery. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17504336&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Neutralization of plasmacytoid dendritic cells decreases the Flt3 ligand-induced enhancement of immune cell activation in response to a burn wound infection A1 - Toliver-Kinsky, T A1 - Cui, W A1 - Sherwood, E J1 - SHOCK Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 27 SN - 1073-2322 SP - 48 EP - 48 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The role of high dose chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell support in refractory trophoblastic disease and non-gestational choriocarcinoma: A review of eight patients A1 - Gabriel, I A1 - Chaidos, A A1 - Giles, C A1 - Apperley, J A1 - Seckl, M A1 - Bower, M A1 - Kanfer, E J1 - HAEMATOL-HEMATOL J Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 92 SN - 0390-6078 SP - 185 EP - 185 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Reply to "Lack of support for an association between CLEC4M homozygosity and protection against SARS coronavirus infection". A1 - Chan, KY A1 - Chan, VS A1 - Chen, Y A1 - Yip, SP A1 - Lin, CL A1 - Khoo, US J1 - Nat Genet Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 39 SN - 1061-4036 SP - 694 EP - 696 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17534356&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The risk of cancer in patients with Crohn's disease. A1 - von Roon, AC A1 - Reese, G A1 - Teare, J A1 - Constantinides, V A1 - Darzi, AW A1 - Tekkis, PP J1 - Dis Colon Rectum Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 50 SN - 0012-3706 SP - 839 EP - 855 N2 - PURPOSE: The risk of cancer in patients with Crohn's disease is not well defined. Using meta-analytical techniques, the present study was designed to quantify the risk of intestinal, extraintestinal, and hemopoietic malignancies in such patients. METHODS: A literature search identified 34 studies of 60,122 patients with Crohn's disease. The incidence and relative risk of cancer were calculated for patients with Crohn's disease and compared with the baseline population of patients without Crohn's disease. Overall pooled estimates, with 95 percent confidence intervals, were obtained, using a random-effects model. RESULTS: The relative risk of small bowel, colorectal, extraintestinal cancer, and lymphoma compared with the baseline population was 28.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 14.46-55.66), 2.4 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.56-4.36), 1.27 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.1-1.47), and 1.42 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.16-1.73), respectively. On subgroup analysis, patients with Crohn's disease had an increased risk of colon cancer (relative risk, 2.59; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.54-4.36) but not of rectal cancer (relative risk, 1.46; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.8-2.55). There was significant association between the anatomic location of the diseased bowel and the risk of cancer in that segment. The risk of small bowel cancer and colorectal cancer was found to be higher in North America and the United Kingdom than in Scandinavian countries with no evidence of temporal changes in the cancer incidence. CONCLUSIONS: The present meta-analysis demonstrated an increased risk of small bowel, colon, extraintestinal cancers, and lymphoma in patients with Crohn's disease. Patients with extensive colonic disease that has been present from a young age should be candidates for endoscopic surveillance; however, further data are required to evaluate the risk of neoplasia over time. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17308939&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Recent advances and current challenges in tumor immunology and immunotherapy A1 - Guinn, BA A1 - Kasahara, N A1 - Farzaneh, F A1 - Habib, NA A1 - Norris, JS A1 - Deisseroth, AB J1 - MOL THER Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 15 SN - 1525-0016 SP - 1065 EP - 1071 N2 - Despite advances in animal studies, where the cure of the majority of mice with pre-established (albeit early-stage) tumors has become almost standard, human clinical trials have been much less successful. Here we describe some of the most recent advances in the specialist field of tumor immunology and immunotherapy, highlighting salient work to identify key problem areas and potential solutions. We make particular note of recent developments in adoptive therapy; whole-cell, DNA, and peptide vaccines; and antibody therapy. We also describe the revival of interest in regulatory T cells and conclude by detailing the need for clinical trial read-out autonomy and methods to predict which patients will respond to a particular treatment. ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Metabonomic studies on the physiological effects of acute and chronic psychological stress in Sprague-Dawley rats. A1 - Teague, CR A1 - Dhabhar, FS A1 - Barton, RH A1 - Beckwith-Hall, B A1 - Powell, J A1 - Cobain, M A1 - Singer, B A1 - McEwen, BS A1 - Lindon, JC A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Holmes, E J1 - J Proteome Res Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 6 SN - 1535-3893 SP - 2080 EP - 2093 N2 - The biochemical effects of acute and chronic psychological stress have been investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats using a combination of 1H NMR spectral analysis of plasma and conventional hematological analyses. Animals were subjected to 35 consecutive days of 6-h sessions of stress, and following a 9 day break, were stressed for a further 6-h period. Plasma samples were collected at 0, 1, 3, and 6 h on days 1, 9, 21, 35, and 44, measured using 600 MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy, and analyzed by Principal Components Analysis. Time-dependent biochemical effects of psychological stress on a range of endogenous metabolites were evident and were correlated with the intensity of the stress response as defined by corticosterone and hematological parameters. Following acute stress, increases in the levels of glucose and ketone bodies, and decreases in the levels of acetate, alanine, isoleucine, lactate, leucine, valine, and lipoproteins, were observed. Chronic stress-induced increases in plasma levels of alanine, lactate (day 9), and leucine, valine, and choline (day 44) and decreases in acetate (day 9) and lipoprotein concentrations were observed. Positive correlations between plasma corticosterone level and glucose and glycerol, and between plasma lipoprotein concentrations and hemoglobin levels, were established using Projection to Latent Structures (PLS) analysis. This study indicates the potential of using NMR-based metabonomic strategies for the characterization of endogenous metabolic perturbations induced by psychological stressors and lifestyle choices. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17474765&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The MUC13 cell surface mucin is highly expressed by human colorectal carcinomas. A1 - Walsh, MD A1 - Young, JP A1 - Leggett, BA A1 - Williams, SH A1 - Jass, JR A1 - McGuckin, MA J1 - Hum Pathol Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 38 SN - 0046-8177 SP - 883 EP - 892 N2 - Mucins are complex mucosal glycoproteins that can be highly expressed by adenocarcinomas, having diagnostic, therapeutic, and biological significance. MUC13 encodes a cell surface membrane-anchored mucin expressed in the normal gastrointestinal tract, trachea, and kidney as well as colorectal, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and lung cancers. MUC13 protein expression was determined immunohistochemically in 99 sporadic colorectal cancers, assessing proportion of tumor cells stained, stain intensity, and localization. In normal colon, intense apical membrane and variable cytoplasmic MUC13 staining was present in both goblet and columnar cells, with strongest reactivity in the upper crypts and surface epithelium. All cancers showed staining of most tumor cells, being most conspicuous in the apical membranes of gland spaces. Left-sided tumors had a higher overall proportion of MUC13-positive tumor cells than right-sided tumors (P < .05), and high staining intensity was more frequent in adenocarcinomas (81%) than mucinous tumors (50%) (P < .05). Poorly differentiated and late-stage tumors were more likely to have high-intensity cytoplasmic staining (P < or = .025). Basolateral cell membranes were stained in 24% of cases, being more common in poorly differentiated tumors (55%) than well or moderately differentiated tumors (16%) (P < or = .001). Partial or full circumferential MUC13 staining was frequently observed in areas of tumor budding. Although MUC13 immunoreactivity was not predictive of patient outcome, there was a trend toward poorer outcome in patients with tumors showing basolateral MUC13. In summary, MUC13 was expressed abundantly by all colorectal cancers, with the highest expression in more poorly differentiated tumors. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17360025&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A meta-analysis on the influence of inflammatory bowel disease on pregnancy. A1 - Cornish, J A1 - Tan, E A1 - Teare, J A1 - Teoh, TG A1 - Rai, R A1 - Clark, SK A1 - Tekkis, PP J1 - Gut Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 56 SN - 0017-5749 SP - 830 EP - 837 N2 - BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a typical onset during the peak reproductive years. Evidence of the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in IBD is important for the management of pregnancy to assist in its management. AIM: To provide a clear assessment of risk of adverse outcomes during pregnancy in women with IBD. DESIGN: The Medline literature was searched to identify studies reporting outcomes of pregnancy in patients with IBD. Random-effect meta-analysis was used to compare outcomes between women with IBD and normal controls. Patients and SETTING: A total of 3907 patients with IBD (Crohn's disease 1952 (63%), ulcerative colitis 1113 (36%)) and 320 531 controls were reported in 12 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: For women with IBD, there was a 1.87-fold increase in incidence of prematurity (<37 weeks gestation; 95% CI 1.52 to 2.31; p<0.001) compared with controls. The incidence of low birth weight (<2500 g) was over twice that of normal controls (95% CI 1.38 to 3.19; p<0.001). Women with IBD were 1.5 times more likely to undergo caesarean section (95% CI 1.26 to 1.79; p<0.001), and the risk of congenital abnormalities was found to be 2.37-fold increased (95% CI 1.47 to 3.82; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The study has shown a higher incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with IBD. Further studies are required to clarify which women are at higher risk, as this was not determined in the present study. This has an effect on the management of patients with IBD during pregnancy, who should be treated as a potentially high-risk group. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17185356&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Distracting communications in the operating theatre. A1 - Sevdalis, N A1 - Healey, AN A1 - Vincent, CA J1 - J Eval Clin Pract Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 13 SN - 1356-1294 SP - 390 EP - 394 N2 - RATIONALE AND AIMS: Research suggests that there are problems of communication effectiveness in surgery. Here we describe the content, initiators and recipients of communications that intrude or interfere with individual surgical cases. We also consider the level at which the surgical team and its team members are distracted by these case-irrelevant communications (CICs). METHODS: Two psychologist observers sampled 48 general surgery procedures and they recorded the initiator and the recipient of CIC events, their content and the level of observable distraction that they caused. RESULTS: Irrelevant comments and queries (i.e. 'small-talk') accounted for half of the observed CICs. From the remaining CICs that we observed, most were related to the organization and administration of the case-list, to operating theatre provisions and to teaching junior staff. Surgeons initiated a third of the observed CICs, while receiving two thirds of them. External staff visiting the operating theatre initiated the most distracting communications. The CICs addressed to surgeons introduced significantly less distraction to the operating theatre than those addressed to anaesthetists and nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Some of the observed CICs contributed to the administration of the operating theatre case-list. Nonetheless, this communication can interfere with highly sensitive work. More effectively co-ordinated communication could reduce this interference. More research should assess the communication effectiveness and the impact of CICs on task performance in the operating theatre. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17518804&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in nerve-injured C57BL/6J mice is not associated with fear-avoidance- and depression-related behaviour. A1 - Hasnie, FS A1 - Wallace, VC A1 - Hefner, K A1 - Holmes, A A1 - Rice, AS J1 - Br J Anaesth Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 98 SN - 0007-0912 SP - 816 EP - 822 N2 - BACKGROUND: Neuropathic pain is associated with significant co-morbidity, including anxiety and depression, which impact considerably on the overall patient experience. However, pain co-morbidity symptoms are rarely assessed in animal models of neuropathic pain. To improve the clinical validity of a widely used rodent model of traumatic peripheral neuropathy, we have investigated fear-avoidance- and depression-related behaviours in nerve-injured and sham-operated mice over a 4 week period. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) or sham surgery and were assessed on days 7, 14, and 28 after operation. Withdrawal thresholds to punctate mechanical and cooling stimuli were measured. Mice were tested on the novel open-field and elevated plus-maze tests for fear-avoidance behaviour, and on the tail suspension test for depression-related behaviour. RESULTS: Hypersensitivity to punctate mechanical and cool stimuli was evident up to day 28 after PSNL. However, there was no change in fear-avoidance- or depression-related behaviours regardless of interval after-surgery. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that pain behaviour in nerve-injured C57BL/6J mice was not associated with alterations in emotion-related behaviours. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17478455&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Curriculum-based solo virtual reality training for laparoscopic intracorporeal knot tying: objective assessment of the transfer of skill from virtual reality to reality A1 - Munz, Y A1 - Almoudaris, AM A1 - Moorthy, K A1 - Dosis, A A1 - Liddle, AD A1 - Darzi, AW J1 - AM J SURG Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 193 SN - 0002-9610 SP - 774 EP - 783 N2 - Background: Very few studies have addressed the transferability of skills from virtual reality (VR) to real life. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of teaching intracorporeal knot tying (ICKT) by VR simulation only.Methods: Twenty novices underwent structured training of basic skills training on the Minimally Invasive Surgical Trainer simulator (Mentice AB, Gothenburg, Sweden) followed by knot tying training on the LapSim simulator (Surgical Science, Gothenburg, Sweden). They were assessed pre- and post-training on a video trainer. Assessment of performance included motion tracking and video-based checklist. Nonparametric statistical analysis was used, and P <.05 was deemed significant.Results: All participants completed a correct knot as compared with only 25% before VR training. Time to completion was 66% faster and knot quality 45% better after VR training. Significant reduction in number of movements (P = .006) and distance trave led (P < .000) by both hands after VR training.Conclusions: Teaching ICKT by VR simulators only is feasible and effective. Furthermore, this study highlights the complementary use of different VR simulators within a structured curriculum. (C) 2007 Published by Excerpta Medica Inc. ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Shortened duration of human chorionic gonadotrophin surveillance following complete or partial hydatidiform mole: evidence for revised protocol of a UK regional trophoblastic disease unit. A1 - Sebire, NJ A1 - Foskett, M A1 - Short, D A1 - Savage, P A1 - Stewart, W A1 - Thomson, M A1 - Seckl, MJ J1 - BJOG Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 114 SN - 1471-0528 SP - 760 EP - 762 N2 - Following hydatidiform mole, women are at increased risk of persistent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (pGTN) and are therefore monitored using serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) concentration measurements. We retrospectively evaluated the policy of extended (2 year) follow up for women with hCG concentrations returning to normal >56 days after evacuation. Of 6701 women registered for hCG follow up, 422 (6%) developed pGTN, 412 (98%) of these women presented within 6 months after evacuation. Three developed pGTN at 402, 677 and 1267 days after evacuation following spontaneous normalisation of hCG levels. Only one woman was detected by routine extended follow up. Prolonged surveillance after molar pregnancy causes significant anxiety and is not cost-effective. Therefore, the current revised protocol comprises hCG follow up for 6 months after spontaneous return of hCG levels to normal for all women. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17516969&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - An evaluation of the feasibility, validity, and reliability of laparoscopic skills assessment in the operating room. A1 - Aggarwal, R A1 - Grantcharov, T A1 - Moorthy, K A1 - Milland, T A1 - Papasavas, P A1 - Dosis, A A1 - Bello, F A1 - Darzi, A J1 - Ann Surg Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 245 SN - 0003-4932 SP - 992 EP - 999 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess the use of a synchronized video-based motion tracking device for objective, instant, and automated assessment of laparoscopic skill in the operating room. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The assessment of technical skills is fundamental to recognition of proficient surgical practice. It is necessary to demonstrate the validity, reliability, and feasibility of any tool to be applied for objective measurement of performance. METHODS: Nineteen subjects, divided into 13 experienced (performed >100 laparoscopic cholecystectomies) and 6 inexperienced (performed <10 LCs) surgeons completed LCs on 53 patients who all had a diagnosis of biliary colic. Each procedure was recorded with the ROVIMAS video-based motion tracking device to provide an objective measure of the surgeon's dexterity. Each video was also rated by 2 experienced observers on a previously validated operative assessment scale. RESULTS: There were significant differences for motion tracking parameters between the 2 groups of surgeons for the Calot triangle dissection part of procedure for time taken (P = 0.002), total path length (P = 0.026), and number of movements (P = 0.005). Both motion tracking and video-based assessment displayed intertest reliability, and there were good correlations between the 2 modes of assessment (r = 0.4 to 0.7, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: An instant, objective, valid, and reliable mode of assessment of laparoscopic performance in the operating room has been defined. This may serve to reduce the time taken for technical skills assessment, and subsequently lead to accurate and efficient audit and credentialing of surgeons for independent practice. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17522527&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The oestrogen metabolite 2-methoxyoestradiol alone or in combination with tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand mediates apoptosis in cancerous but not healthy cells of the human endometrium. A1 - Kato, S A1 - Sadarangani, A A1 - Lange, S A1 - Villalón, M A1 - Brañes, J A1 - Brosens, JJ A1 - Owen, GI A1 - Cuello, M J1 - Endocr Relat Cancer Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 14 SN - 1351-0088 SP - 351 EP - 368 N2 - Cancers of the reproductive tract account for 12% of all malignancies in women. As previous studies have shown that oestrogen metabolites can cause apoptosis, we characterised the effect of oestrogen and oestrogen metabolites on non-cancerous and cancerous human endometrial cells. Herein, we demonstrate that 2-methoxyoestradiol (2ME), but not 17beta-oestradiol, induces apoptosis in cancer cell lines and primary cultured tumours of endometrial origin. In contrast, 2ME had no effect on cell viability of corresponding normal tissue. This ability of 2ME to induce apoptosis does not require oestrogen receptor activation, but is associated with increased entry into the G2/M phases of the cell cycle and the activation of both the intrinsic and the extrinsic apoptotic pathways. The selective behaviour of 2ME on cancerous as opposed to normal tissue may be due to a reduction in 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II levels in cancer cells and to a differential down-regulation of superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, we demonstrate that pre-treatment with 2ME enhances the sensitivity of reproductive tract cancer cells to the apoptotic drug tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), without the loss in cell viability to normal cells incurred by currently chemotherapeutic drugs. In conclusion, 2ME, alone or in combination with TRAIL, may be an effective treatment for cancers of uterine origin with minimal toxicity to corresponding healthy female reproductive tissue. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17639050&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Laparoseopic vertical banded gastroplasty - A multicenter prospective study of 200 procedures A1 - Nocca, D A1 - Aggarwal, R A1 - Blanc, P A1 - Gallix, B A1 - Di Mauro, GL A1 - Millat, B A1 - Hons, CDSD A1 - Deneve, E A1 - Rodier, JG A1 - Tincani, G A1 - Pierredon, MA A1 - Fabre, JM J1 - SURG ENDOSC Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 21 SN - 0930-2794 SP - 870 EP - 874 N2 - Background: The commonest surgical procedure for management of morbid obesity in Europe is laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), even though laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty (LVBG) is still considered to be a gold standard restrictive option in bariatric surgery. A multicenter prospective study was designed to to assess the efficacy of LVBG in terms of weight loss and complication rates for obese patients who have indications for a restrictive procedure.Patients and methods: Two-hundred morbidly obese patients (84.5% female) with a mean age of 41 years and mean body mass index (BMI) of 43.2 kg/m(2) underwent LVBG as described by MacLean. Five trocars were placed in standard positions as per laparoscopic upper gastrointestinal surgery. A vertical gastric pouch (30 ml) was created with circular (21 or 25mm) and endolinear stapling techniques, enabling definitive separation of the two parts of the stomach. The gastric outlet was calibrated with either a polypropylene mesh (5.5 cm in length and 1cm in width) or a nonadjustable silicone band. The median follow-up period was 30 months (range, 1-72 months).Results: One case had to be converted to open surgery (gastric perforation) and there was one death secondary to peritonitis of unknown etiology. The morbidity rate was 24%, comprising the following complications: gastric outlet stenosis (8%); staple line leak (2.5%); food trapping (1.5%); peritonitis (1%); thrombophlebitis (1.5%); pulmonary embolism (0.5%); and gastroesophageal reflux (9%). The excess weight loss achieved was 56.7% (1 year), 68.3% (2 years), and 65.1% (3 years).Conclusions: Laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty is an effective procedure for the surgical management of morbid obesity, especially for patients who present hyperphagia but are unable to manage the constraints of adjustable gastric banding. Laparoscopic vertical banded gastroplasty is safe, as demonstrated by an acceptable complication rate, of which gastric outlet stenosis, staple line leakage, and gastroesophageal reflux predominate. ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Endogenous Flt3-ligand levels are not altered in mice after a severe burn and infection A1 - Bohannon, J A1 - Cui, W A1 - Toliver-Kinsky, T J1 - SHOCK Y1 - 2007/06// VL - 27 SN - 1073-2322 SP - 48 EP - 48 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Through thick and thin collagen fibrils, stress, and aortic rupture - Another piece in the jigsaw A1 - Powell, JT A1 - Lanne, T J1 - CIRCULATION Y1 - 2007/05/29/ VL - 115 SN - 0009-7322 SP - 2487 EP - 2488 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The outcome of spinal decompression surgery 5 years on. A1 - Anjarwalla, NK A1 - Brown, LC A1 - McGregor, AH J1 - Eur Spine J Y1 - 2007/05/23/ SN - 0940-6719 N2 - Decompression surgery is an increasingly common operation for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis. Although good relief from leg pain is expected after surgery, long term results of pain relief and function are more uncertain. This study prospectively followed a cohort of patients presenting with the signs and symptoms of spinal stenosis, who underwent decompression surgery to ascertain the long term outcome with respect to pain and function using visual analogue pain scores, the Oswestry Disability Index, and the Short Form 36, a general health questionnaire. From an initial pool of 84 recruited patients, 7 withdrew from surgical intervention; of the remaining 77, 51 (66%) returned for follow up assessments at 5 years. In these responders, a significant improvement was observed in back and leg pain, which was sustained for at least 1 year (P < 0.01). A significant improvement was also seen in physical function (P < 0.05) as assessed by Oswestry and SF-36. Although an initial improvement was noted in social function, this was not observed at 5 years. This study has demonstrated that decompression surgery is successful in relieving symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis. Physical function, back and leg pain are significantly improved after 5 years but initial significant improvements in social function diminish over time. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17520297&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Influence of instrument size on endoscopic task performance in pediatric intracorporeal knot tying : Smaller instruments are better in infants. A1 - Lee, AC A1 - Haddad, MJ A1 - Hanna, GB J1 - Surg Endosc Y1 - 2007/05/22/ SN - 1432-2218 N2 - BACKGROUND: The widespread availability of adult minimal access surgical (MAS) equipment together with resource constraints have led pediatric surgeons to adopt the adult setup. This study examined the influence of instrument size on task outcome and physical impact on the surgeon in pediatric endoscopic intracorporeal knot tying. METHODS: Sixteen surgeons participated in this study in which they had to tie surgeon's knots inside a neonatal simulator box with an endoscopic field of 40 mm. All surgeons tied 20 knots using paired pediatric needle-holders and 20 knots using paired adult needle-holders in a randomized order. Knot quality score (KQS) and wrap length were used as indices of knot quality and wrap tightness. Electromyographic (EMG) recordings of the upper limb muscle groups were used to indicate muscular recruitment. A questionnaire on discomfort and instrument preference was also completed by the surgeons. RESULTS: A total of 640 knots were analyzed. Median time was shorter for pediatric needle-holders than for adult needle-holders (94 s vs. 103 s; p < 0.001); however, KQS (0.271 vs. 0.260; p = 0.509) and the tightness around the tube (86 mm vs. 86 mm; p = 0.255) were not significantly different. The proportion of knots that completely slipped was also similar for both needle-holders (19% vs. 22%; p = 0.322). The normalized EMG values when using adult needle-holders were significantly higher than when using pediatric needle-holders in all upper limb muscle groups with the exception of left forearm extensors (p = 0.460). The surgeons reported less discomfort with the pediatric needle-holders in the right forearm and hand, and 13 surgeons expressed overall preference for the smaller instruments. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic knot tying was performed faster in the neonatal simulator box using pediatric needle-holders while maintaining knot quality. Upper limb muscular recruitment was reduced resulting in less discomfort for the surgeon. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17516118&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Expression of eEF1A2 is associated with clear cell histology in ovarian carcinomas: overexpression of the gene is not dependent on modifications at the EEF1A2 locus. A1 - Tomlinson, VA A1 - Newbery, HJ A1 - Bergmann, JH A1 - Boyd, J A1 - Scott, D A1 - Wray, NR A1 - Sellar, GC A1 - Gabra, H A1 - Graham, A A1 - Williams, AR A1 - Abbott, CM J1 - Br J Cancer Y1 - 2007/05/21/ VL - 96 SN - 0007-0920 SP - 1613 EP - 1620 N2 - The tissue-specific translation elongation factor eEF1A2 is a potential oncogene that is overexpressed in human ovarian cancer. eEF1A2 is highly similar (98%) to the near-ubiquitously expressed eEF1A1 (formerly known as EF1-alpha) making analysis with commercial antibodies difficult. We wanted to establish the expression pattern of eEF1A2 in ovarian cancer of defined histological subtypes at both the RNA and protein level, and to establish the mechanism for the overexpression of eEF1A2 in tumours. We show that while overexpression of eEF1A2 is seen at both the RNA and protein level in up to 75% of clear cell carcinomas, it occurs at a lower frequency in other histological subtypes. The copy number at the EEF1A2 locus does not correlate with expression level of the gene, no functional mutations were found, and the gene is unmethylated in both normal and tumour DNA, showing that overexpression is not dependent on genetic or epigenetic modifications at the EEF1A2 locus. We suggest that the cause of overexpression of eEF1A2 may be the inappropriate expression of a trans-acting factor. The oncogenicity of eEF1A2 may be related either to its role in protein synthesis or to potential non-canonical functions. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17437010&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The classification of p53 immunohistochemical staining results and patient outcome in ovarian cancer - Reply A1 - de Graeff, P A1 - Hall, J A1 - Crijns, APG A1 - de Bock, GH A1 - Paul, J A1 - ten Hoor, KA A1 - de Jong, S A1 - Hollema, H A1 - Bartlett, JMS A1 - Brown, R A1 - van der Zee, AGJ J1 - BRIT J CANCER Y1 - 2007/05/21/ VL - 96 SN - 0007-0920 SP - 1623 EP - 1624 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Qualitative and quantitative descriptions of glenohumeral motion. A1 - Hill, AM A1 - Bull, AM A1 - Wallace, AL A1 - Johnson, GR J1 - Gait Posture Y1 - 2007/05/15/ SN - 0966-6362 N2 - Joint modelling plays an important role in qualitative and quantitative descriptions of both normal and abnormal joints, as well as predicting outcomes of alterations to joints in orthopaedic practice and research. Contemporary efforts in modelling have focussed upon the major articulations of the lower limb. Well-constrained arthrokinematics can form the basis of manageable kinetic and dynamic mathematical predictions. In order to contain computation of shoulder complex modelling, glenohumeral joint representations in both limited and complete shoulder girdle models have undergone a generic simplification. As such, glenohumeral joint models are often based upon kinematic descriptions of inadequate degrees of freedom (DOF) for clinical purposes and applications. Qualitative descriptions of glenohumeral motion range from the parody of a hinge joint to the complex realism of a spatial joint. In developing a model, a clear idea of intention is required in order to achieve a required application. Clinical applicability of a model requires both descriptive and predictive output potentials, and as such, a high level of validation is required. Without sufficient appreciation of the clinical intention of the arthrokinematic foundation to a model, error is all too easily introduced. Mathematical description of joint motion serves to quantify all relevant clinical parameters. Commonly, both the Euler angle and helical (screw) axis methods have been applied to the glenohumeral joint, although concordance between these methods and classical anatomical appreciation of joint motion is limited, resulting in miscommunication between clinician and engineer. Compounding these inconsistencies in motion quantification is gimbal lock and sequence dependency. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17509885&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Outcome of kidney transplantation from nonheart-beating versus heart-beating cadaveric donors. A1 - Kokkinos, C A1 - Antcliffe, D A1 - Nanidis, T A1 - Darzi, AW A1 - Tekkis, P A1 - Papalois, V J1 - Transplantation Y1 - 2007/05/15/ VL - 83 SN - 0041-1337 SP - 1193 EP - 1199 N2 - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess outcomes of kidney transplants from nonheart-beating (NHB) compared with heart-beating (HB) cadaveric donors with meta-analytical techniques. METHODS: A literature search was performed for studies comparing kidney transplants from NHB vs. HB cadaveric donors between 1992 and 2005. The following outcomes were evaluated: warm and cold ischemia times, primary nonfunction, delayed graft function, length of hospital stay, acute graft rejection, patient and graft survival, and post-transplant serum creatinine. RESULTS: Eighteen comparative studies of 114,081 patients matched the selection criteria; 1,858 received kidney from NHB and 112,223 from HB donor. Warm ischemia time was significantly longer for the NHB group by 24 min (P<0.001). Cold ischemia time was similar for the two groups (P=0.97). The incidence of primary nonfunction and delayed graft function was 2.4 times (P<0.001) and 3.6 times (P<0.001) greater, respectively, in the NHB group. Length of hospital stay was longer for the NHB group by 4.6 days (P<0.001). The 6-month, 2-year, and 5-year patient survival were similar between the two groups. The incidence of acute rejection was similar between the two groups whereas the initial graft survival advantage in favor of the HB group diminished gradually over the course of time. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for the recipient serum creatinine levels at 3 and 12 months after transplantation. CONCLUSION: NHB donors carry the potential of expanding the cadaveric kidney pool. Although, transplants from NHB donors are associated with a greater incidence of early adverse events, long-term outcomes appear comparable with those of transplants from HB donors. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17496535&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Exemestane tamoxifen? Reply A1 - Coombes, RC A1 - Kilburn, LS A1 - Snowdon, CF A1 - Bliss, JM A1 - Intergroup Excemestane Study J1 - LANCET Y1 - 2007/05/12/ VL - 369 SN - 0140-6736 SP - 1600 EP - 1601 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Constructing hierarchical task analysis in surgery. A1 - Sarker, SK A1 - Chang, A A1 - Albrani, T A1 - Vincent, C J1 - Surg Endosc Y1 - 2007/05/05/ SN - 1432-2218 N2 - BACKGROUND: Generic technical skills are required by a surgeon to perform a complete operation or procedure. They alone do not form a task or subtask but allow the surgeon to perform so. Specific technical skills are required to complete a task or subtask, which can be depicted by hierarchical task analysis (HTA). In this study we aim to demonstrate a reliable and valid method to construct a surgical HTA. METHODS: One hundred thirty video recordings of operations and procedures (30 laparoscopic cholecystectomies, 20 open inguinal hernia repairs, 20 saphenofemoral junction ligations, 20 upper GI and 40 lower GI endoscopies) from 37 different expert surgeons were assessed in view of constructing a HTA. Three research surgeons with more than eight years of postgraduate surgical experience assessed each operation or procedure blindly and independently and constructed a HTA. Each consultant surgeon assessed the HTA constructed by the researchers and modified it according to his/her own technical style. RESULTS: For tasks there was a 100% correlation between the researchers and individual expert surgeons. Mean interrater reliability for subtasks was k = 0.89 (range = 0.81-0.95), p < 0.05. Content and face validities of the HTA were confirmed by the expert surgeons. CONCLUSIONS: This study outlines a valid and reliable method of constructing a surgical task analysis and HTA for any operation or procedure, which could be used to assess and evaluate trainees' and expert surgeons' specific technical skills. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17483993&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Systemic inflammatory priming in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia: the role of circulating syncytiotrophoblast microparticles. A1 - Germain, SJ A1 - Sacks, GP A1 - Sooranna, SR A1 - Soorana, SR A1 - Sargent, IL A1 - Redman, CW J1 - J Immunol Y1 - 2007/05/01/ VL - 178 SN - 0022-1767 SP - 5949 EP - 5956 N2 - Systemic inflammatory responsiveness was studied in normal human pregnancy and its specific inflammatory disorder, pre-eclampsia. Compared with nonpregnancy, monocytes were primed to produce more TNF-alpha throughout normal pregnancy, more IL-12p70 in the first and second trimesters, and more IL-18 in the first trimester only. Intracellular cytokine measurements (TNF-alpha and IL12p70) showed little change by comparison. IFN-gamma production was suppressed in all three trimesters. In pre-eclampsia, IL-18 secretion was increased. Secreted but not intracellular measures of TNF-alpha and IL-12p70 were also further enhanced compared with normal pregnancy. Inhibition of IFN-gamma production was lost and involved both CD56(+) NK and CD56(-) lymphocyte subsets. We determined whether circulating syncytiotrophoblast microparticles (STBM) could contribute to these inflammatory changes. Unbound STBM could be detected in normal pregnancy by the second trimester and increased significantly in the third. They were also bound in vivo to circulating monocytes. Women with pre-eclampsia had significantly more circulating free but not cell-bound STBMs. STBMs prepared by perfusion of normal placental lobules stimulated production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL12p70, and IL-18 but not IFN-gamma) when cultured with PBMCs from healthy nonpregnant women. Inflammatory priming of PBMCs during pregnancy is confirmed and is established by the first trimester. It is associated with early inhibition of IFN-gamma production. The inflammatory response is enhanced in pre-eclampsia with loss of the IFN-gamma suppression. Circulating STBMs bind to monocytes and stimulate the production of inflammatory cytokines. It is concluded that they are potential contributors to altered systemic inflammatory responsiveness in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17442979&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Direct quantitative trait locus mapping of mammalian metabolic phenotypes in diabetic and normoglycemic rat models. A1 - Dumas, ME A1 - Wilder, SP A1 - Bihoreau, MT A1 - Barton, RH A1 - Fearnside, JF A1 - Argoud, K A1 - D'Amato, L A1 - Wallis, RH A1 - Blancher, C A1 - Keun, HC A1 - Baunsgaard, D A1 - Scott, J A1 - Sidelmann, UG A1 - Nicholson, JK A1 - Gauguier, D J1 - Nat Genet Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 39 SN - 1061-4036 SP - 666 EP - 672 N2 - Characterizing the relationships between genomic and phenotypic variation is essential to understanding disease etiology. Information-dense data sets derived from pathophysiological, proteomic and transcriptomic profiling have been applied to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Metabolic traits, already used in QTL studies in plants, are essential phenotypes in mammalian genetics to define disease biomarkers. Using a complex mammalian system, here we show chromosomal mapping of untargeted plasma metabolic fingerprints derived from NMR spectroscopic analysis in a cross between diabetic and control rats. We propose candidate metabolites for the most significant QTLs. Metabolite profiling in congenic strains provided evidence of QTL replication. Linkage to a gut microbial metabolite (benzoate) can be explained by deletion of a uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase. Mapping metabotypic QTLs provides a practical approach to understanding genome-phenotype relationships in mammals and may uncover deeper biological complexity, as extended genome (microbiome) perturbations that affect disease processes through transgenomic effects may influence QTL detection. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17435758&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Using patient care quality measures to assess educational outcomes. A1 - Swing, SR A1 - Schneider, S A1 - Bizovi, K A1 - Chapman, D A1 - Graff, LG A1 - Hobgood, C A1 - Lukens, T A1 - Radford, MJ A1 - Sanders, A A1 - Smith-Coggins, R A1 - Spillane, L A1 - Hruska, L A1 - Wears, RL J1 - Acad Emerg Med Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 14 SN - 1553-2712 SP - 463 EP - 473 N2 - OBJECTIVES: To report the results of a project designed to develop and implement a prototype methodology for identifying candidate patient care quality measures for potential use in assessing the outcomes and effectiveness of graduate medical education in emergency medicine. METHODS: A workgroup composed of experts in emergency medicine residency education and patient care quality measurement was convened. Workgroup members performed a modified Delphi process that included iterative review of potential measures; individual expert rating of the measures on four dimensions, including measures quality of care and educational effectiveness; development of consensus on measures to be retained; external stakeholder rating of measures followed by a final workgroup review; and a post hoc stratification of measures. The workgroup completed a structured exercise to examine the linkage of patient care process and outcome measures to educational effectiveness. RESULTS: The workgroup selected 62 measures for inclusion in its final set, including 43 measures for 21 clinical conditions, eight medication measures, seven measures for procedures, and four measures for department efficiency. Twenty-six measures met the more stringent criteria applied post hoc to further stratify and prioritize measures for development. Nineteen of these measures received high ratings from 75% of the workgroup and external stakeholder raters on importance for care in the ED, measures quality of care, and measures educational effectiveness; the majority of the raters considered these indicators feasible to measure. The workgroup utilized a simple framework for exploring the relationship of residency program educational activities, competencies from the six Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education general competency domains, patient care quality measures, and external factors that could intervene to affect care quality. CONCLUSIONS: Numerous patient care quality measures have potential for use in assessing the educational effectiveness and performance of graduate medical education programs in emergency medicine. The measures identified in this report can be used as a starter set for further development, implementation, and study. Implementation of the measures, especially for high-stakes use, will require resolution of significant measurement issues. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17395960&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Longitudinal blood flow in shared (arteriovenous anastomoses) and non-shared cotyledons in monochorionic placentae. A1 - Wee, LY A1 - Sullivan, M A1 - Humphries, K A1 - Fisk, NM J1 - Placenta Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 28 SN - 0143-4004 SP - 516 EP - 522 N2 - OBJECTIVES: In this study we aimed to quantitate monochorionic twin placental blood flow in vivo through arterio-venous anastomoses (AVA) and corresponding vessels within normal cotyledons. METHODS: The topography of chorionic plate vasculature was mapped using colour Doppler in ten monochorionic diamniotic twin (MCDA) pregnancies. Cotyledonary flow was derived by insonation of chorionic veins draining normal (n=10) and paired control shared cotyledons (n=10). Venous volume flow was calculated from five determinations of vessel diameter and three of time average mean velocity (TAMV). Measurements were repeated every 2-4 weeks from 18 until 32 weeks' gestation. RESULTS: Blood flow through non-shared and shared cotyledons increased with gestation (p<0.0001). Median flow at 28 weeks through shared cotyledons was 16 ml/min (15-21) (median, interquartile range), lower than in shared cotyledons (31, 25-35) (p<0.001), as was median volume flow across gestation calculated as area under the curve (shared cotyledons 126 (122-167), control cotyledons 269 (214-274), p=0.01). However, velocity was similar, with the difference due to smaller vein diameters draining shared compared to normal cotyledons (mean 3.6mm (SD 0.8) vs. 4.5mm (0.8), p=0.004). Ex vivo quantitation of insonated cotyledons and of all cotyledons confirmed the difference in vein diameter in the placentae studied. CONCLUSIONS: Blood flow through shared cotyledons was lower across gestation than through paired normal cotyledons in the placenta studied due to the smaller diameter of the AVA vessels. The size of AVAs rather than simply their presence and direction may contribute to determining transfusional imbalance in monochorionic twins. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17081605&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Ontogeny of foetal exposure to maternal cortisol using midtrimester amniotic fluid as a biomarker. A1 - Sarkar, P A1 - Bergman, K A1 - Fisk, NM A1 - O'Connor, TG A1 - Glover, V J1 - Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 66 SN - 0300-0664 SP - 636 EP - 640 N2 - OBJECTIVE: There is increasing evidence that antenatal stress has long-lasting effects on child development, but there is less accord on the mechanisms and the gestational window of susceptibility. One possible mechanism is by foetal exposure to maternal cortisol. To explore this, we investigated the relationship between cortisol in maternal plasma and amniotic fluid, and any moderating influence of gestational age. PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: Two hundred and sixty-seven women awaiting amniocentesis for karyotyping were studied. Samples were collected between 0900 and 1730 h. Gestational age was determined to the nearest day by ultrasound biometry and time of collection noted to the nearest 15 min. Total cortisol was measured by radioimmunoassay in paired amniotic fluid and maternal blood samples (n = 267) [gestation range 15-37 weeks, median 17 weeks (119 days)]. RESULTS: Both maternal and amniotic fluid cortisol levels increased with gestation (r = 0.25, P < 0.001; r = 0.33 P < 0.001, respectively). Amniotic fluid cortisol was positively correlated with time of collection (r = 0.22, P < 0.001) and negatively with maternal age (r =-0.24, P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between amniotic fluid cortisol with maternal plasma levels (r = 0.32, P < 0.001), which persisted after multivariate analysis controlling for gestation, time of collection and maternal age. The association appeared to be dependent on gestational age, being nonsignificant at 15-16 weeks' gestation and increasing in strength thereafter. CONCLUSION: This study shows a positive correlation between maternal and amniotic fluid cortisol levels, which becomes robust from 17 to 18 weeks onwards. The results provide support for the hypothesis that alterations in maternal cortisol may be reflected in amniotic fluid levels from this gestation. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17492950&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Comparison of outcomes following ileostomy versus colostomy for defunctioning colorectal anastomoses. A1 - Tilney, HS A1 - Sains, PS A1 - Lovegrove, RE A1 - Reese, GE A1 - Heriot, AG A1 - Tekkis, PP J1 - World J Surg Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 31 SN - 0364-2313 SP - 1142 EP - 1151 N2 - BACKGROUND: The present study evaluated outcomes of patients undergoing proximal diversion using either a loop ileostomy or loop colostomy following distal colorectal resection for malignant and non-malignant disease. METHODS: A literature search of the Medline, Ovid, Embase and Cochrane databases was performed to identify studies published between 1966 and 2006, comparing loop ileostomy and loop colostomy to protect a distal colorectal anastomosis. A random effect meta-analytical technique was used and sensitivity analysis performed on studies published since 2000, higher quality papers, those reporting on 70 or more patients, and those reporting outcomes following colorectal cancer resections. RESULTS: Seven studies, including three randomised controlled trials, satisfied the inclusion criteria. Outcomes of a total of 1,204 patients were analysed, of whom 719 (59.7%) underwent defunctioning loop ileostomy. High stoma output was more common following ileostomy formation (OR = 5.39, 95% CI: 1.11, 26.12, P = 0.04), but wound infections following their reversal were significantly fewer (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.62, P = 0.004). Overall complications were less frequent for ileostomy patients in the subgroup of high quality studies (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.59, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: The results of this meta-analysis suggest that ileostomy may be preferable to colostomy when used to defunction a distal colorectal anastomosis. Wound infections following stoma reversal were reduced, as were overall stoma-related complications and incisional hernia following stoma reversal for ileostomy patients in high quality studies. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17354030&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Predicting endotracheal tube size by length in newborns. A1 - Luten, R A1 - Kahn, N A1 - Wears, R A1 - Kissoon, N J1 - J Emerg Med Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 32 SN - 0736-4679 SP - 343 EP - 347 N2 - The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of length to endotracheal tube (ETT) size in newborns and to use this relationship to develop a tool for predicting ETT size. The study, a prospective derivation, and validation of a predictive model, took place in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in two urban teaching hospitals. Subjects included: ETT derivation set - 39 intubated neonates admitted to the NICU; Validation set - 69 intubated newborns from the same NICU. Leak percentages were measured in intubated neonates where the actual ETT size did not correlate with the tape-determined ETT size. Interventions were length, weight, and leak measurements. A prototype tape was developed using the derivation set and published anthropometric studies. The accuracy of the tape was validated on a separate set of newborns. The average relative difference between tape-predicted weight and actual weight was 9.5% (confidence interval [CI] = 8.3-10.6%) and was evenly distributed throughout all the weight groups. The tape predicted actual ETT size in 96% of cases (CI 86.3-99.5%) and was correct within 1 tube size (1/2 mm) in 100% (CI 94.8-100%). The only error in prediction of ETT size was in underestimation. Length-based weight estimations were tested on 100 subjects and predicted actual weight within 20% in 94% of cases. We concluded that length is an accurate predictor of ETT size and weight in term and preterm newborns and may be useful in situations in which weights are unobtainable, such as emergency resuscitation. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17499685&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - The impact of ileal pouch function on quality of life following restorative proctocolectomy A1 - Lovegrove, R A1 - Tekkis, P A1 - Tilney, H A1 - Remzi, F A1 - Nicholls, R A1 - Fazio, V J1 - DIS COLON RECTUM Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 50 SN - 0012-3706 SP - 757 EP - 757 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - p53 therapy in a patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. A1 - Senzer, N A1 - Nemunaitis, J A1 - Nemunaitis, M A1 - Lamont, J A1 - Gore, M A1 - Gabra, H A1 - Eeles, R A1 - Sodha, N A1 - Lynch, FJ A1 - Zumstein, LA A1 - Menander, KB A1 - Sobol, RE A1 - Chada, S J1 - Mol Cancer Ther Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 6 SN - 1535-7163 SP - 1478 EP - 1482 N2 - Li-Fraumeni syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder that greatly increases the risk of developing multiple types of cancer. The majority of Li-Fraumeni syndrome families contain germ-line mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. We describe treatment of a refractory, progressive Li-Fraumeni syndrome embryonal carcinoma with a p53 therapy (Advexin) targeted to the underlying molecular defect of this syndrome. p53 treatment resulted in complete and durable remission of the injected lesion by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography scans with improvement of tumor-related symptoms. With respect to molecular markers, the patient's tumor had abnormal p53 and expressed coxsackie adenovirus receptors with a low HDM2 and bcl-2 profile conducive for adenoviral p53 activity. p53 treatment resulted in the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis documented by p21 and cleaved caspase-3 detection. Increased adenoviral antibody titers after repeated therapy did not inhibit adenoviral p53 activity or result in pathologic sequelae. Relationships between these clinical, radiographic, and molecular markers may prove useful in guiding future application of p53 tumor suppressor therapy. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17483435&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Meta-analysis of short-term and long-term outcomes of J, W and S ileal reservoirs for restorative proctocolectomy. A1 - Lovegrove, RE A1 - Heriot, AG A1 - Constantinides, V A1 - Tilney, HS A1 - Darzi, AW A1 - Fazio, VW A1 - Nicholls, RJ A1 - Tekkis, PP J1 - Colorectal Dis Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 9 SN - 1462-8910 SP - 310 EP - 320 N2 - OBJECTIVE: The choice of ileal pouch reservoir has been a contentious subject with no consensus as to which technique provides better function. This study aimed to compare short- and long-term outcomes of three ileal reservoir designs. METHOD: Comparative studies published between 1985 and 2000 of J, W and S ileal pouch reservoirs were included. Meta-analytical techniques were employed to compare postoperative complications, pouch failure, and functional and physiological outcomes. Quality of life following surgery was also assessed. RESULTS: Eighteen studies, comprising 1519 patients (689 J pouch, 306 W pouch and 524 S pouch) were included. There was no significant difference in the incidence of early postoperative complications between the three groups. The frequency of defecation over 24 h favoured the use of either a W or S pouch [J vs S: weighted mean difference (WMD) 1.48, P < 0.001; J vs W: WMD 0.97, P = 0.01]. The S pouch was associated with an increased need for pouch intubation (S vs J: OR 6.19, P = 0.04). The use of a J pouch was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of use of anti-diarrhoeal medication (J vs S: OR 2.80, P = 0.01; J vs W: OR 3.55, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: All three reservoirs had similar perioperative complication rates. The S pouch was associated with the need for anal intubation. There was less frequency and less need for antidiarrhoeal agents with the W rather than the J pouch. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17432982&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Comparison of short-term outcomes of laparoscopic vs open approaches to ileal pouch surgery. A1 - Tilney, HS A1 - Lovegrove, RE A1 - Heriot, AG A1 - Purkayastha, S A1 - Constantinides, V A1 - Nicholls, RJ A1 - Tekkis, PP J1 - Int J Colorectal Dis Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 22 SN - 0179-1958 SP - 531 EP - 542 N2 - AIMS: The present meta-analysis compared short-term outcomes between patients undergoing laparoscopic and open restorative proctocolectomy. METHODS: A literature search of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Ovid, Excerpta Medica and Cochrane databases was performed to identify studies published between 1990 and 2006 comparing laparoscopic and open restorative proctocolectomy. A random-effect meta-analytical technique was used, and sensitivity analysis was performed on studies published since 2001, higher-quality papers, those reporting on more than 30 patients and those with matching of patient characteristics. RESULTS: Ten studies satisfied the selection criteria, including outcomes on 329 patients, 168 (51.1%) of whom underwent laparoscopic resection. Operative time was significantly longer in the laparoscopic group by 86 min (p<0.001) and throughout the subgroup analysis, but this finding was associated with significant heterogeneity. Operative blood loss was less in the laparoscopic group by 84 ml. There was no significant difference in post-operative adverse events between the groups. A statistically significant reduction in length of post-operative stay was observed for laparoscopic patients in high-quality studies and those reporting on more than 30 patients by 1.1 days (p=0.02 in both subgroups) and studies published in or since 2001 by 3.0 days (p=0.004) but not overall. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic ileal pouch surgery was associated with longer operative time, lower blood loss, shorter length of hospital stay and similar short-term adverse events compared with open surgery. Comparative data on quality of life and long-term outcomes are currently unavailable. The potential advantage of laparoscopic ileal pouch surgery remains to be established. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=16900339&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Intraperitoneal chemotherapy as first-line treatment in the management of epithelial ovarian cancer. A1 - Rekhraj, S A1 - Kinross, J A1 - Prabhudesai, S A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Ziprin, P J1 - Mini Rev Med Chem Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 7 SN - 1389-5575 SP - 509 EP - 517 N2 - Recent evidence has suggested improved outcomes following incorporation of intraperitoneal chemotherapy administration with intravenous systemic chemotherapy as first-line treatment of small volume residual epithelial ovarian cancer. This review focuses on the mechanism of actions of the chemotherapeutic drugs and reviews the possible reasons for the superior outcomes of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17504186&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Proteomic analysis of proteins regulated by TRPS1 transcription factor in DU145 prostate cancer cells. A1 - Chang, GT A1 - Gamble, SC A1 - Jhamai, M A1 - Wait, R A1 - Bevan, CL A1 - Brinkmann, AO J1 - Biochim Biophys Acta Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 1774 SN - 0006-3002 SP - 575 EP - 582 N2 - The aim of the present study was to identify proteins differentially regulated by TRPS1 in human prostate cancer cells in order to better understand the role of TRPS1 in prostate cancer development. The proteomes of androgen-independent DU145 prostate cancer cells, that do not express TRPS1 and of genetically engineered DU145 cells that stable and inducible express recombinant TRPS1 protein, were compared. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometric analysis, 13 proteins that were differentially expressed between these two cell lines were identified. These proteins represent a dominant reduction of expression of antioxidant proteins, including superoxide dismutase, protein disulfide isomerase A3 precursor, endoplasmin precursor and annexin A2. Furthermore, regulation was observed for mitochondrion-associated proteins, glycolytic enzymes, a cytoskeleton-associated protein, a nuclear protein and proteins involved in apoptosis. Our data indicate that overexpression of TRPS1 protein is correlated with reduced protein expression of certain antioxidants. This suggests a possible involvement of TRPS1 in oxidative stress, and possibly in apoptosis in androgen-independent DU145 prostate cancer cells. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17467349&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Social deprivation is an independent predictor of non-restorative rectal cancer surgery A1 - Tilney, H A1 - Lovegrove, R A1 - Smith, J A1 - Thompson, M A1 - Tekkis, P J1 - DIS COLON RECTUM Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 50 SN - 0012-3706 SP - 714 EP - 714 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Authors' reply: Role of circulating tumour cells in predicting recurrence after excision of primary colorectal carcinoma (Br J Surg; 2007; 94; 96-105). A1 - Allen-Mersh, TG J1 - Br J Surg Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 94 SN - 0007-1323 SP - 644 EP - 645 N2 - L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17443878&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Balloon tamponade for vaginal lacerations causing severe postpartum haemorrhage. A1 - Tattersall, M A1 - Braithwaite, W J1 - BJOG Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 114 SN - 1471-0528 SP - 647 EP - 648 L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17362483&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Direct, quantitative clinical assessment of hand function: usefulness and reproducibility. A1 - Goodson, A A1 - McGregor, AH A1 - Douglas, J A1 - Taylor, P J1 - Man Ther Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 12 SN - 1532-2769 SP - 144 EP - 152 N2 - Methods of assessing functional impairment in arthritic hands include pain assessments and disability scoring scales which are subjective, variable over time and fail to take account of the patients' need to adapt to deformities. The aim of this study was to evaluate measures of functional strength and joint motion in the assessment of the rheumatoid (RA) and osteoarthritic (OA) hand. Ten control subjects, ten RA and ten OA patients were recruited for the study. All underwent pain and disability scoring and functional assessment of the hand using measures of pinch/grip strength and range of joint motion (ROM). Functional assessments including ROM analyses at interphalangeal (IP), metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and wrist joints along with pinch/grip strength clearly discriminated between patient groups (RA vs. OA MCP ROM P<0.0001), pain and disability scales were unable to. In the RA there were demonstrable relationships between ROM measurements and disability (R2=0.31) as well as disease duration (R2=0.37). Intra-patient measures of strength were robust whereas inter-patient comparisons showed variability. In conclusion, pinch/grip strength and ROM are clinically reproducible assessments that may more accurately reflect functional impairment associated with arthritis. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=16899386&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Radiographic measurements of normal elbows: Clinical relevance to olecranon fractures A1 - Wadia, F A1 - Kamineni, S A1 - Dhotare, S A1 - Amis, A J1 - CLIN ANAT Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 20 SN - 0897-3806 SP - 407 EP - 410 N2 - This study aims to calculate a clinically relevant and intra-operatively accessible measure of olecranon length that could be reliably applied by the operating surgeon to optimise fixation of comminuted olecranon fractures. One hundred normal adult antero-posterior and lateral radiographs of the elbow were studied with respect to the proximal olecranon height (OH), trochlear notch width (TW) on lateral views, and trans-epicondylar distance (TED) and trochlear width distance (TWD) on AP views. Three mean ratios were then derived: TWD/TW, TED/TW and OH/TW. The average OH was 26.2 mm (range 21-29), TW was 24.7 mm (range 21-32), TED was 58.7 mm (range 49-74), and the TWD was 27.0 mm (range 22-32). The average ratio of TWD: TW was 1.08 (SD = 0.08), that of TED: TW was 2.38 (SD = 0. 18) and OH/TW was 1.06 (SD = 0.08). Comminuted fractures of the olecranon are a surgical challenge since it is often impossible to gauge the correct length to achieve in reconstruction of the olecranon process. Our data can be easily applied to the clinical situation, by taking intra-operative radiographs, and calculating the ratios as demonstrated above. These will guide the surgeon to obtain a more reliable length of the olecranon intra-operatively. ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Prolonged survival in culture of preantral follicles from polycystic ovaries. A1 - Webber, LJ A1 - Stubbs, SA A1 - Stark, J A1 - Margara, RA A1 - Trew, GH A1 - Lavery, SA A1 - Hardy, K A1 - Franks, S J1 - J Clin Endocrinol Metab Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 92 SN - 0021-972X SP - 1975 EP - 1978 N2 - CONTEXT: In polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an increased proportion of follicles leave the primordial (resting) pool and initiate growth. However, there is little evidence for a reduced reproductive life span (early menopause) in women with PCOS, suggesting that the dynamics of follicle growth, and of follicle loss by atresia, is altered in PCOS. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility that loss of preantral follicles by atresia is reduced in PCOS, leading to prolonged follicle survival. DESIGN: We compared follicle growth in normal and polycystic ovaries using cultures of small ovarian biopsies. SETTING: Tissue samples were obtained at routine laparoscopy from 12 patients with anovulatory PCOS and 16 controls and processed in an ovarian physiology laboratory. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We performed morphometric analysis of follicle population in tissue fixed at time of biopsy (d 0) or after 5, 10, or 15 d in culture. Analyses included assessment of follicle and oocyte diameter, number and proportion of primordial and growing follicles, and number and proportion of atretic follicles. RESULTS: In tissue fixed on d 0, the proportion of healthy growing follicles was, as expected, greater in ovaries from PCOS patients than in normal ovaries (64 vs. 28%; P = 0.0005), but there were no differences between PCOS and normal tissue during culture. The rate of atresia throughout the period of culture in follicles was, however, significantly lower in PCOS tissue (P < 0.0001). After culture, 80% of follicles in normal ovarian tissue were atretic compared with 53% in PCOS biopsies. CONCLUSION: Follicles from polycystic ovaries demonstrate a decreased rate of atresia in culture, suggesting a mechanism for maintaining a larger follicle pool throughout reproductive life. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17341570&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - FastFISH: technique for ultrarapid fluorescence in situ hybridization on uncultured amniocytes yielding results within 2 h of amniocentesis A1 - Choolani, M A1 - Ho, SSY A1 - Razvi, K A1 - Ponnusamy, S A1 - Baig, S A1 - Fisk, NM A1 - Biswas, A A1 - R Mol Test P Diagnos Grp J1 - MOL HUM REPROD Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 13 SN - 1360-9947 SP - 355 EP - 359 N2 - Rapid aneuploidy detection methods allow prenatal diagnosis results to be released within 48 h, but not on the same day as the invasive test. We aimed to develop a rapid fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method (FastFISH) that releases accurate results on the same day as amniocentesis. FastFISH was optimized to be completed within 2 h of sample collection using CEP and LSI probes for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, Y and DiGeorge syndrome (DGS). The technique was tested on 100 consecutive amniotic fluid samples in a blinded study. It was also validated as a I-day molecular genetic test on three representative fetal tissue samples: chorionic villus, amniotic fluid and fetal blood. In the blinded study, FastFISH results were ready within 2 h of sample collection. Of the 100 amniotic fluid samples, 49 male and 50 female fetuses were identified. One fetus was 47, XXY (Klinefelter syndrome). Three fetuses had trisomy 21. One fetus suspected of DGS by ultrasound was identified as normal. Results of FastFISH analyses in all 100 cases were concordant with their karyotypes (100% accuracy; lower 95% CI, 97.05%). In the 1-day test validation, all results were released on the same day and were concordant with their respective karyotypes. FastFISH allows results to be released on the same day as amniocentesis. It represents the necessary development for a 1-day prenatal diagnosis service. ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Loss of raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein expression is associated with tumor progression and metastasis in colorectal cancer. A1 - Minoo, P A1 - Zlobec, I A1 - Baker, K A1 - Tornillo, L A1 - Terracciano, L A1 - Jass, JR A1 - Lugli, A J1 - Am J Clin Pathol Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 127 SN - 0002-9173 SP - 820 EP - 827 N2 - Raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is known as a critical down-regulator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and a potential molecular determinant of malignant metastasis. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of RKIP expression in colorectal cancer (CRC).Immunohistochemical staining for RKIP was performed on a tissue microarray comprising 1,197 mismatch repair (MMR)-proficient and 141 MMRdeficient CRCs. The association of RKIP with clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Loss of cytoplasmic RKIP was associated with distant metastasis (P = .038), higher N stage (P = .032), vascular invasion (P = .01), and worse survival (P = .001) in the MMR-proficient group. In MMR-deficient CRCs, loss of cytoplasmic RKIP was associated with distant metastasis (P = .043) and independently predicted worse survival (P = .004). Methylation analysis of 28 cases showed that loss of RKIP expression is unlikely to be due to promoter methylation.Loss of RKIP expression is a marker of tumor progression and distant metastasis in MMR-proficient and MMR-deficient CRCs. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17439843&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Critical role for lipid raft-associated Src kinases in activation of PI3K-Akt signalling. A1 - Arcaro, A A1 - Aubert, M A1 - Espinosa del Hierro, ME A1 - Khanzada, UK A1 - Angelidou, S A1 - Tetley, TD A1 - Bittermann, AG A1 - Frame, MC A1 - Seckl, MJ J1 - Cell Signal Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 19 SN - 0898-6568 SP - 1081 EP - 1092 N2 - Lipid rafts are membrane microdomains distinct from caveolae, whose functions in polypeptide growth factor signalling remain unclear. Here we show that in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells, specific growth factor receptors such as c-Kit associate with lipid rafts and that these domains play a critical role in the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling. The class IA p85/p110alpha associated with Src in lipid rafts and was activated by Src in vitro. Lipid raft integrity was essential for Src activation in response to stem cell factor (SCF) and raft disruption selectively inhibited activation of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt in response to SCF stimulation. Moreover, inhibition of Src kinases blocked PKB/Akt activation and SCLC cell growth. The use of fibroblasts with targeted deletion of the Src family kinase genes confirmed the role of Src kinases in PKB/Akt activation by growth factor receptors. Moreover a constitutively activated mutant of Src also stimulated PI3K/Akt in lipid rafts, indicating that these microdomains play a role in oncogenic signalling. Together our data demonstrate that lipid rafts play a key role in the activation of PI3K signalling by facilitating the interaction of Src with specific PI3K isoforms. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17275257&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Comparison of mortality prediction models after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. A1 - Hadjianastassiou, VG A1 - Tekkis, PP A1 - Athanasiou, T A1 - Muktadir, A A1 - Young, JD A1 - Hands, LJ J1 - Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 33 SN - 1078-5884 SP - 536 EP - 543 N2 - OBJECTIVES: Comparison of the accuracy of prediction of contemporary mortality prediction models after open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) surgery. METHODS: Post-operative data were collected from AAA patients from 2 UK Intensive Care Units (ICU). POSSUM and VBHOM based models were compared to the APACHE-AAA model which was able to adjust for the hospital-related effect on outcome. Model performance was assessed using measures of calibration, discrimination and subgroup analysis. RESULTS: 541 patients were studied. The in-hospital mortality rate for elective AAA repair (325 patients) was: 6.2% (95% confidence interval (c.i.) 3.5 to 8.8) and for emergency repair (216 patients) was: 28.7% (95% c.i. 22.5-34.9). The APACHE-based model had the best overall fit to the whole population of AAA patients, and also separately in elective and emergency patients. The V-POSSUM physiology-only (p<0.001) and VBHOM (p=0.011) models had a poor fit in elective patients. The RAAA-POSSUM physiology-only (p<0.001) and VBHOM models (p=0.010) had a poor fit in emergency patients. CONCLUSIONS: The APACHE-AAA model with its ability to adjust for both the hospital-related "effect" as well as the patient case-mix, was a more accurate risk stratification model than other contemporary models, in the post-operative AAA patient managed in ICU. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17196847&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Metabonomic investigations of aging and caloric restriction in a life-long dog study. A1 - Wang, Y A1 - Lawler, D A1 - Larson, B A1 - Ramadan, Z A1 - Kochhar, S A1 - Holmes, E A1 - Nicholson, JK J1 - J Proteome Res Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 6 SN - 1535-3893 SP - 1846 EP - 1854 N2 - Long-term restriction of energy intake without malnutrition is a robust intervention that has been shown to prolong life and delay age-related morbidity. A 1H NMR-based metabonomic strategy was used to monitor urinary metabolic profiles throughout the lifetimes of control-fed and diet-restricted dogs. Urinary metabolic trajectories were constructed for each dog, and metabolic variation was found to be predominantly influenced by age. Urinary excretion of creatinine increased with age, reaching a maximum between ages 5 and 9 years and declining thereafter. Excretion of mixed glycoproteins was noted at earlier ages, which may be a reflection of growth patterns. In addition, consistent metabolic variation related to diet was also characterized, and energy-associated metabolites, such as creatine, 1-methylnicotinamide, lactate, acetate, and succinate, were depleted in urine from diet-restricted dogs. Both aging and diet restriction altered activities of the gut microbiotia, manifested by variation of aromatic metabolites and aliphatic amine compounds. This analysis allowed the metabolic response to two different physiological processes to be monitored throughout the lifetime of the canine population and may form part of a strategy to monitor and reduce the impact of age related diseases in the dog, as well as providing more general insights into extension of longevity in higher mammals. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17411081&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - Identification of skills common to renal and iliac endovascular procedures performed on a virtual reality simulator. A1 - Neequaye, SK A1 - Aggarwal, R A1 - Brightwell, R A1 - Van Herzeele, I A1 - Darzi, A A1 - Cheshire, NJ J1 - Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg Y1 - 2007/05// VL - 33 SN - 1078-5884 SP - 525 EP - 532 N2 - INTRODUCTION: There is a learning curve in the acquisition of endovascular skills for the treatment of vascular disease. Integration of Virtual reality (VR) simulator based training into the educational training curriculum offers a potential solution to overcome this learning curve. However evidence-based training curricula that define which tasks, how often and in which order they should be performed have yet to be developed. The aim of this study was to determine the nature of skills acquisition on the renal and iliac modules of a commercially-available VR simulator. METHOD: 20 surgical trainees without endovascular experience were randomised to complete eight sessions on a VR iliac (group A) or renal (group B) training module. To determine skills transferability across the two procedures, all subjects performed two further VR cases of the other procedure. Performance was recorded by the simulator for parameters such as time taken, contrast fluid usage and stent placement accuracy. RESULTS: During training, both groups demonstrated statistically significant VR learning curves: group A for procedure time (p<0.001) and stent placement accuracy (p=0.013) group B for procedure time (p<0.001), fluoroscopy time (p=0.003) and volume of contrast fluid used (p<0.001). At crossover, subjects in group B (renal trained) performed to the same level of skill on the simulated iliac task as group A. However, those in group A (iliac trained) had a significantly higher fluoroscopy time (median 118 vs 72 secs, p=0.020) when performing their first simulated renal task than for group B. CONCLUSION: Novice endovascular surgeons can significantly improve their performance of simulated procedures through repeated practice on VR simulators. Skills transfer between tasks was demonstrated but complex task training, such as selective arterial cannulation in simulators and possibly in the real world appears to involve a separate skill. It is thus suggested that a stepwise and hierarchical training curriculum is developed for acquisition of endovascular skill using VR simulation to supplement training on patients. L1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17291792&query_hl=1 ER - TY - JFULL T1 - A phase II study using a topoisomerase I-based approach in patients with multiply relapsed germ-cell tumours. A1 - Shamash, J A1 - Powles, T A